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Workstation Design in Carpet Hand-Weaving Operation : Guidelines for Prevention of Musculoskeletal Disorders

Choobineh A., Lahmi M., Hosseini M., Shahnavaz H., Jazani R. K.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2004

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Vol. 10, No. 4

411--424

EN

Carpet weavers suffer from musculoskeletal problems mainly attributed to poor working postures. Their posture is mostly constrained by the design of workstations. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of 2 design parameters (weaving height and seat type) on postural variables and subjective experience, and to develop guidelines for workstation adjustments. At an experimental workstation, 30 professional weavers worked in 9 different conditions. Working posture and weavers’ perceptions were measured. It was shown that head, neck and shoulder postures were influenced by weaving height. Both design parameters influenced trunk and elbows postures. The determinant factor for weavers’ perception on the neck, shoulders and elbows was found to be weaving height, and on the back and knees it was seat type. Based on the results, the following guidelines were developed: (a) weaving height should be adjusted to 20 cm above elbow height; (b) a 10º forward-sloping high seat is to be used at weaving workstations.

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Musculoskeletal Symptoms as Related to Ergonomic Factors in Iranian Hand-Woven Carpet Industry and General Guidelines for Workstation Design

Choobineh A., Lahmi M., Shahnavaz H., Jazani R. K., Hosseini M.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2004

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Vol. 10, No. 2

157--168

EN

Carpet weaving is a high risk occupation for developing musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). The objectives of the present study, which was carried out in the Iranian hand-woven carpet industry, were determination of the prevalence of MSD symptoms, identification of major factors associated with MSD symptoms and development of guidelines for workstation design. 1,439 randomly selected weavers participated in this study. A questionnaire was used to collect data on MSD symptoms. The results revealed that the prevalence rates for symptoms in different body regions were high as compared to the general Iranian population (for neck, back and large joints, p < .0001). The results of multivariate analyses showed that major ergonomic factors associated with musculoskeletal symptoms were loom type, working posture, daily working time and seat type. Based on the results, some general guidelines for designing weaving workstations were developed. A prototype test showed that the new workstation was acceptable for subject tests and that it improved working posture.

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Prevention of Deep Vein Thrombosis in VDU Work

Mitsuya R., Ebine Y., Nozaki M., Noro K.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2003

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Vol. 9, No. 4

393--403

EN

This paper introduces preventive measures against Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) during Visual Display Units (VDU) work. Four experiments were conducted in order to address this issue. The effectiveness of the preventative measures was evaluated by measuring foot swelling. The results indicated that the following 3 methods would be particularly effective: (a) occasionally adopting a reclining posture with a footrest, (b) 10-min walking every 50–60 min of VDU work, and (3) stretching. In addition we predicted that taking a deep breath could sometimes be effective. DVT is likely to occur in daily life and its incidence can be related to the long-term postures associated with VDU work. This paper suggests that VDU workers should be aware of the risk of DVT and take preventative measures.