Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Pre-decision control procedures as a condition for achieving the purpose of investment

Dwojak Łukasz

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2020

|

z. 149

131--142

EN

Research background: Existence and development of companies strongly depend on their investments spending including capex expenditures. Regardless of scale of expenses an investment project should be analysed with regard to the risks involved, calculation of amount to be spent and probability of achieving expected effects. To realize this objective in a smooth and effective way a company should possess and use in practice procedures for analysis of investments projects – pre-decision control procedures. Purpose of the article: The aim of the presented paper is to show the advantages of possession by companies the procedures for analysis of investment projects and necessity for their usage in case of preparing a new investment. Even the simplest procedure enables to define potential risks which can occur in time. In addition, such a procedure allows to analyse technical, financial and personnel issues related to introducing a new technology and purchasing machinery equipment. Methods: The research method applied for preparing this article has been based on a survey addressed to business owners, financial managers and other persons involved in the process of analysis and acceptance of investment decisions in business units. The paper presents results of empirical research carried out by companies, mainly from Silesia region. The theoretical part is based on literature analyses. Findings & Value added: The empirical research did not confirm that companies using pre-decision control procedures for investment projects achieve their business and financial objectives more often than companies which do not have such procedures.

2

Non-linear time series modelling in financial economics

Chappell D.

Management

|

2000

|

Vol. 4, no 1

85-100

EN

In this paper we give a summary of some of the non-linear time series modeIs. We present and discuss the properties of the random walk model, ARCH (auto-regressive conditional heteroscedasticity) and GARCH (generalised ARCH) classes of models, threshold auto-regressive models, smooth transition autoregressive models, bilinear models and others. We give examples of modelling chosen economic and financial phenomena and we offer modelling strategy based on flow chart.

3

Risk-minimizing hedging of contingent claims in incomplete models of financial markets

Rutkowski Marek

Matematyka Stosowana : matematyka dla społeczeństwa

|

1996

|

Nr 39

41--73

EN

The paper is devoted to a specific optimization problem associated with the hedging of contingent claims in continuous-time incomplete models of financial markets. Generally speaking, we place ourselves within the standard framework of the theory of continuous trading, as exposed in Harrison and Pliska [13]. Our aim is twofold. Firstly, we present a relatively concise exposition of the risk-minimizing methodology (due essentially to Follmer and Sondermann [12], Follmer and Schweizer [11] and Schweizer [33]) in a multi-dimensional continuous-time framework. Let us mention here that this approach is based on the specific kind of minimization of the additional cost associated with a hedging strategy at all times before the terminal date T. Secondly, we provide some new results which formalize some concepts introduced in Hofman et a/.[l5], in particular, the general results of the first, part are specialized to the case of multi-dimensional Ito processes. Finally, in Section 6 the general theory is illustrated by means of an example dealing with the risk-minimizing hedging of a stock index option in an incomplete framework. This example is motivated bv the work of Lamberton and Lapeyre [22] who have! solved a related, but simpler, problem of a risk-minimizing hedging under the martingale measure.

4

On some difference-delay equations arising in a problem of capital deposits

Kwapisz Marek, Bartoszewski Zbigniew

Matematyka Stosowana : matematyka dla społeczeństwa

|

1996

|

Nr 39

75--82

EN

Introduction. We consider a real life problem: a. person has made a deposit of D0 dollars in bank B, which calculates interest on this deposit at in=100•in% after each n+l-st quarter and the interest is compounded at the end of each consecutive year since the deposit date, which means that the interest is capitalised yearly. In the case discussed the basic time unit is a quarter but the conversion period - the time interval at the end of which the interest is compounded - is four quarters (for the terminology see [3]). We ask the following question: what is the balance of the person after n time units, i.e. after n quarters? Such a question is important to people planning various sorts of investments or making arrangements with life insurance institutions. We cannot find an answer to this question in available literature. In particular, it is not to be found in recent books devoted to the subject [see 1-6]. We want to find general formulas that would allow us to express this balance by the other given quantities. Such formulas allow us to solve inverse problems consisting in finding the initial deposit Z)q , the interest rate i or the length of the period after which a capital reaches a given level. In this paper we give explicit formulas for the above-mentioned balance. They can be applied to the problems with any number of payments. At the end of this paper we give some examples of application of these formulas to solving the mentioned inverse problems. The obtained formulas make solving such problems easy. A straightforward application of backward recurrence formulas derived from formula (2), although possible, is quite troublesome.ct