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Implementation of a Cost-Effective, Accurate Photoacoustic Imaging SystemBased on High-Power LED Illumination and FPGA-Based Circuitry

Ahangar Darband Maryam, Najafiaghdam Esmaeil

Archives of Acoustics

2025

Vol. 50, nr 1

107--114

Imaging based on the photoacoustic (PA) phenomenon is a type of hybrid imaging approach that combinesthe advantages of pure optical and pure acoustic imaging, achieving good results. This method, which offershigh resolution, suitable contrast, and non-ionizing radiation, is valuable for the early detection of various typesof cancer. Recently, multiple studies have focused on improving different components of this imaging system. Inthis presentation, we implemented a simplest form of a PA imaging system for detecting blood vessels, given thatangiogenesis is recognized as a common symptom of many cancers. For the first time, we implemented a high-power light-emitting diode (LED), to replace bulky and expensive lasers, and integrated circuit technologiessuch as field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) for a simple LED driver circuit and data acquisition (DAQ).Using an FPGA block, we successfully generated a 200-ns square pulse wave with a repetition frequency of25 kHz, whose amplified form can drive a high-power LED at 1050 nm for appropriately stimulating the sample.By using ultrasonic sensors with a central frequency of 1 MHz and a DAQ system with 16-bit accuracy, alongwith a suitable algorithm for image reconstruction, we successfully detected blood vessels in a breast tissuemimic. With the use of the FPGA-based block, the image reconstruction algorithm was accelerated. Finally,the simultaneous and first-time use of LED and FPGA-based circuit technology for driving the LED, outputinformation processing and image reconstruction were performed in PA imaging.