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Carbonic anhydrase production by Pseudomonas fragi

Tietze Tomasz, Jaworska Małgorzata M. J

Chemical and Process Engineering : New Frontiers

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2023

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Vol. 44, nr 1

art. no. e6

EN

Carbonic anhydrase is an important enzyme that can play a significant role in the processes of lowering carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere. The aim of the work was to investigate the extracellular carbonic anhydrase (CA) production by the bacteria Pseudomonas fragi. In the research, we focused on the evaluation of the phase of bacterial growth correlated with carbonic anhydrase production and on the evaluation of induction of CA production by calcium carbonate concentration in the nutrient medium. Presented data indicated that calcium carbonate can serve as the only carbon source for Pseudomonas fragi, inducing carbonic anhydrase secretion to culture broth. The enzyme was produced mainly in the adaptation growth phase reaching the maximal activity at the end of this phase or at the beginning of the growth phase. The maximal enzyme activity detected in all batches was at a similar level. The enzyme activity was constant but lower in the exponential phase growth. Therefore, the enzyme production is not growth-dependent, but it is correlated with bacteria adaptation to cultivation conditions.

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Shrub effects of herbaceous vegetation vary with developmental phases and herb relative location

He Y., Liu X., Xie Z.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2014

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Vol. 62, nr 3

421--429

EN

In arid and semi-arid ecosystems, shrubs have an important effect on neighboring plants. However, little is known about the interaction of herb growth stages and shrub location on herb performance. We selected Reaumuria soongorica, (Pall.) Maxim a shrub dominant in the semiarid region of northwest China, to determine whether (1) shrubs facilitate or have negative effects on neighbouring herbaceous vegetation, and (2) such effects vary with herb growth stage and with shrub orientation relative to herbs. The presence of herbaceous plant species, plant density, plant height, and percent cover were determined along 2 m long transects spreading in four directions from the base of shrub – east (transect E), west (transect W), south (transect S), and north (transect N); this was repeated for three growth stages (in May, June and July). Results indicated that the effects of R. soongorica on neighboring herbs in different growth stages were similar. Species number of herb-layer plants tended to increase from beneath the canopy to the opening, but plant density, cover and plant height decreased with distance away from shrub base. The presence of R. soongorica had positive effects on density, cover, and plant height, and negative on the number of herbaceous species during the entire growing season. Herbaceous plants growing on transect N under the shrub canopy had significantly higher density and percent cover than those growing in other directions. Biomass of herbs on transect N grown under the shrub canopy was higher than that of herbs on other transects. We concluded that shrub effects on neighbouring herbaceous vegetation were closely related to the shrub orientation relative to the herbs. Therefore, using shrubs as nurse plants for grass-growing must consider the relative placement of shrubs.

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Technologie i koszty mikoryzacji drzew i krzewów roślin ozdobnych w różnych fazach wzrostu

Kubiak J.

Problemy Inżynierii Rolniczej

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2006

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R. 14, nr 2

135-146

PL

Dyrektywy UE wprowadzają bardzo rygorystyczne zasady korzystania z nawozów, zarówno granulowanych stosowanych doglebowo, jak i ciekłych stosowanych dolistnie, a także środków ochrony roślin. Mikoryza może być jednym z efektywniejszych rozwiązań w przypadku wielu problemów produkcji szkółkarstwa ozdobnego, związanych z poziomem nawożenia, sposobem nawożenia i ochroną roślin, zwłaszcza przed chorobami systemu korzeniowego. Ilość cieczy roboczej powstałej z grzybni matki i ilość szczepionki przypadającej na jedną roślinę przy mikoryzacji pozwala na określenie kosztów wynikających z użycia grzybni. W przypadku kosztów szczepionki matki 2 tys. zł, koszty mikoryzacji wykazują zmienność w zakresie od 0,02 zł do 18,5 zł, odpowiednio do ilości zużytej szczepionki mikoryzowej w danej fazie rozwojowej.

EN

EU standards introduce very rigorous rules covering use of granular fertilisers to soil as well as fluid fertilizers used by leaves and chemical plant protection means. Mycorhhiza can be one of the most effective solutions in the case of many problems, which can occur in nursery covering garden plants and include fertilization level, methods of fertilization and plant protection, especially against roots system illnesses. Amount of working liquid produced from (mother) mycelium and size of dose of the mycelium per one plant decide about costs resulting from mycorhhiza process. When we include cost of (mother) mycelium amounted to 2,000 zt then the expected unit costs are as follows: from 0.02 to 18.5 zt per plant, according to amount of used mycelium in the considered phase of plant growth.