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How to suppress the Kirkendall porosity within the Ti/Ni explosive welds?

Wojewoda-Budka Joanna, Kwiecien Izabella, Bigos Agnieszka, Terlicka Sylwia, Litynska-Dobrzynska Lidia, Petrzak Paweł, Wierzbicka-Miernik Anna, Szczerba Maciej, Szulc Zygmunt, Rabkin Eugen

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

2024

Vol. 24, no. 2

art. no. e117, 2024

Pure Ti (Grade 1) and Ni (type Ni201) were used to produce the Ti/Ni welds employing the explosive welding process. Thermal expansion of the welded plates was determined using dilatometric measurements from room temperature up to 600 °C. The results showed that the thermal expansion coefficient of Ti/Ni welded plates is closer to that of pure nickel than would be suggested by the Timoshenko’s model for bimetallic strip. The microstructure of the Ti/Ni interface after exposure to high temperatures revealed the presence of extensive interface porosity (Kirkendall porosity). This may cause a catastrophic disintegration of the weld during working or essential forming. The welded plates were annealed at the temperature of 650 °C under different applied compressive loads, and the applied load was shown to alter the microstructure of the Nix<.sub>Tiy phases present at the Ti/Ni interface. Based on the obtained interface microstructural data, the strategy to suppress the Kirkendall porosity at the interface was proposed.