Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Stężenia rtęci w osadach dennych oczek wodnych położonych w zlewni rolniczej

Szydłowski K., Burczyk P., Podlasińska J.

Inżynieria Ekologiczna

|

2016

|

Nr 49

188--194

PL

Zbadano osady dwóch oczek wodnych położonych w zlewni rolniczej. Próbki pobierano z warstw osadów: 0–5 (W1), 5–10 (W2), 10–20 (W3) i 20–30 (W4) cm, w trzech punktach na każdym zbiorniku wodnym. Łącznie pobrano 24 próby osadów dennych, w których oznaczono zawartość rtęć i węgla całkowitego. Rtęć oznaczono za pomocą analizatora AMA 254. Osady oczka zlokalizowanego w parku wiejskim posiadały wyższe wartości pH (kwasowość czynna) niż oczka położonego w obrębie upraw rolnych. Osady denne oczka śródpolnego posiadały wyższe zawartości węgla całkowitego wynosząc średnio 22,70% niż oczka położonego w parku wiejskim, w których zawartość węgla całkowitego wyniosła średnio 4,59%. Zawartość rtęci w osadach dennych wahała się od 0,02 do 0,41 mg ⋅ kg-1. Zbadane osady były w strefie przybrzeżnej osadami niezanieczyszczonymi (I klasa), zaś w strefie centralnej (głęboczek) były osadami miernie zanieczyszczonymi (II klasa). Stężenia rtęci w próbkach pobranych w strefie brzegowej zarówno w oczku nr 1 i 2 różniły się istotnie statystycznie (Test Tukey’a p≤0,05) od stężeń w próbkach ze środkowych części zbiorników. Analiza chemiczna poszczególnych warstw osadów dennych oczek wodnych wykazała, iż największe nagromadzenie rtęci wystąpiło w warstwie W1 (0–5 cm) w zbiorniku zlokalizowanym w parku wiejskim (profil S2).

EN

Two mid-field ponds located in the agricultural catchment was chosen for the investigations. Total of 24 samples of bottom sediments were collected. The samples were taken from sediment layers: 0–5 (W1), 5–10 (W2), 10–20 (W3) and 20–30 (W4) cm, with three points at once during the 2014 winter period. Mercury content in the samples was determined by analyzer AMA 254. Higher pH (active acidity) was recorded in sediments in pond located in a rural park than pond located within agricultural crops. Bottom sediment in mid-field pond (No. 1) had higher values of organic carbon averaging 22.70% than in the pond located in a rural park (No. 2), where organic carbon content averaged 4.59%. The mercury content in bottom sediments ranged from 0.02 to 0.41 mg ⋅ kg-1. The examined sediments were classified (at points P1, P2, P3 and P4) as uncontaminated sediments (Class I) and at points S1 and S2 were classified as moderately polluted sediments (Class II). Bottom sediments classified as class I and II can be disposed in the aquatic and terrestrial environments. Mercury concentrations in samples collected from both banks of the pond No. 1 and 2 differ significantly (Tukey test p ≤ 0.05) than those in the samples collected from central part of the ponds. Chemical analysis of the individual layers of bottom sediments in ponds showed that the largest accumulation of mercury occurred in a layer W1 (0–5 cm) in pond No. 2 (at point S2).

2

Effect of change in land use on breeding bird communities in a Silesian farmland (SW Poland)

Kopij G.

Polish Journal of Ecology

|

2008

|

Vol. 56, nr 3

511-519

EN

Two study areas, 210 ha (A) and 120 ha (B), have been selected. Arable grounds dominated (92%) in the study area A, while meadows (63% in 1989 and 47% in 2003) - in the study area B. The changes in land use in both study areas have occurred in 2003 comparatively with 1989. In the study area A, an increase of the area with maize (from 1.1 ha to 38.4 ha) and oat (from 5.6 to 28.4 ha), and decrease in area of the rape (from 41.3 to 0.3 ha) and root plants (from 16.7 to 6.4 ha) have been recorded, while the clover and broad bean have totally disappeared as cultivated plants. In the study area B, a conversion of some dry meadows into arable grounds and an abandonment of more than half of the remaining area of meadows has been carried out. The landscape in the study area A was more fragmented in 1989 than in 2003, while in the study area B the reverse was true. On average, cereal areas increased - especially wheat (from 1.5 to 2.4 ha), maize (from 0.6 to 3.8 ha) and oat (from 0.6 to 1.9 ha), while rape areas decreased (from 2.0 to 0.3 ha). The mapping method has been employed to show the effect of these changes on breeding bird community in both years (1989 vs. 2003). In the study area A, density (pairs x 100[^-1] ha) of the Skylark Alauda arvensis (28.1 vs. 17.1) and Marsh Warbler Acrocephalus palustris (12.9 vs. 2.4) has significantly decreased; while that of Corn Bunting Miliaria calandra (1.4 vs. 8.1) and gallinaceous birds (2.9 vs. 8.1) has significantly increased over the last 14 years. The most numerous species in the group of gallinaceous birds, the Common Quail Coturnix coturnix, probably benefits from the enlargement of oat and barley cultivations. The Skylark was negatively affected by the enlargement of study areas with cultivated plants, especially with the wheat and maize. The Corn Bunting has been, probably, positively affected by the enlargement of maize and barley cultivations, as well as from the warming effect. The decline of the Marsh Warbler could have been caused by the decrease of the area with rape cultivations but it may also reflect short-term fluctuations. In the study area B, only densities of the Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs and Blackbird Turdus merula have significantly increased, and no statistically significant declines were recorded. These increases can be linked to changes in the age structure of tree and shrub stands in the existing small forests, clumps and hedgerows, but these species show probably a general increase in numbers over large areas of farmlands in Poland and possibly in some other European countries.

3

Rekultywacja gruntów rolnych zniszczonych w czasie powodzi w lipcu 1997 r.

Oleś J., Kippel J., Tomaszewska H.

Górnictwo Odkrywkowe

|

2004

|

R. 46, nr 7/8

94-96

PL

Przedstawiono problematyką degradacji gruntów rolnych zniszczonych w czasie powodzi w 1997 r., na przykładzie obszaru położonego nad rzeką Odrą w województwie opolskim. Omówiono znaczenie zabiegów rekultywacyjnych i rolniczych dla przywrócenia pierwotnej funkcji użytkowania terenu.

EN

The problem of farmlands degradation made by floods in July, 1997 on the example of the area located on the Odra river in the Opolskie Voivodeship were presented. The significance of reclamational and agricultural treatments to restore the primary function of area usage was discussed.