Even if the era of Industry 4.0 has reached, the planning of a factory layout is a discipline, which leans on manual planning tools. By using several optimization methods, it is now possible to automatize the necessary steps in the rough planning phase and to calculate the possibilities of positioning with regard to the target function. The calculation is based on the design data of the factory. To perform an automatized optimization, the whole model should be transformed into a mathematical describable form. For this purpose, methods from the graph theory will be used. These methods allow the positioning of objects on the discretized floor plan. After the positioning has finished, the visualization of the model takes place. The preparation of the model has been implemented in the Unreal Engine. The advantage of this is visualization almost in real time in an immersive environment in commercial used Head-Mounted Displays.
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Die Fabrik- und Layoutplanung ist eine Planungsdisziplin, welche auch heute im Zeitalter der Industrie 4.0 noch verbreitet auf manuelle Planungswerkzeuge zurückgreift. Mit Hilfe verschiedener Optimierungsverfahren ist es nun möglich, die Planungsschritte im Bereich der Grobplanung zu automatisieren und Positionierungsmöglichkeiten je nach gewünschter Zielfunktion berechnen zu lassen. Die Berechnung stützt sich dabei auf die Konstruktionsdaten der Fabrik oder Hallenmodelle. Um eine automatisierte Optimierung durchführen zu können, ist das Gesamtmodell jedoch zunächst in eine mathematisch beschreibbare Form zu überführen. Hier wird auf Verfahren aus der Graphentheorie zurückgegriffen, welche die Positionierung der Objekte auf dem diskretisierten Grundriss ermöglicht. Im Anschluss an die Positionierung erfolgt die Visualisierung. Die hierfür notwendige Aufbereitung des Modells wurde in der Unreal Engine umgesetzt. Dies bietet den Vorteil, dass das virtuell geplante Layout nahezu in Echtzeit über kommerziell verfügbare Head-Mounted Displays immersiv dargestellt werden können.
Complex planning algorithm and short planning cycles for production systems require innovative software tools to combine the knowledge on methodology of the planner and the specific know-how of enterprise employee. Therefore the IAF developed the FacToTuM-concept with the experience of many industrial projects. It represents a universal Software Tool Kit for the planning and configuration of production systems at industrial enterprises. In detail FacToTuM provides the analysis of operating data, the layout planning and optimizing, the dimensioning of the material flow, the simulation of production processes, the designing in 2D and 3D environment and the visualization of the results (e.g. Virtual Reality). This paper will represent the most significant advantage of FacToTuM: the interactive operation mode. Therefore it is possible to achieve good user and purchaser acceptance in planning projects. The methodological base of the approach is the participative planning process. Thus and the dialogue of interested and competitive involved employees activate an ongoing adaptation of the structuring in industrial enterprises.
Modern factories have to respond to numerous challenges, such as individualization, informatization and globalization. Due to the lack of comprehensive certainty of prognosis, factories have to be build adaptable to necessary alterations. The development of alterable production systems requires among others an increased orientation of the structuring process towards communication. The classical approaches of optimization of manufacturing structures reach their conceptual limits because they neglect communication. This paper present the first results of research on the possible use of communication oriented parameters for the configuration of production systems. In a first step industrial forms of communication will be presented that are relevant for the object of investigation. In the second step a model of communication oriented structuring and optimization for production systems will be developed. Thereby the conceptual closeness to logistics and other possible fields of application for communication oriented layout design will be shown.
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