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Mieszkańcy Księżyca w źródłach antycznych

Jasiński M.

Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki

2013

R. 58, nr 4

29--42

The paper aims to present the various ways of approach to the problem of inhabitancy of the Moon, that can be found in ancient sources. The scope of possible ways of describing the lunar beings - both animal and sentient ones - stretches from mythological and fantastic stories to more cautious deliberations. Fabulous tales about the Lunar inhabitants can be found in True Story by Lucianus of Samosata (ca. 120-ca. 190 AD), where we are given a detailed description of their physiology and society. More scientific are opinions in Plutarch’s (before 50-after 120 AD) treatise On the Face in the Moon. Discussion of some features of Lunar environment leads there to conclusion about possible nature of the inhabitants of the Moon. Between these two extremes there are some other notions about the inhabitancy of the Moon, usually very short, that contain elements of the mythology or fable stories (e.g. the lion of Nemea is said to have fallen from the Moon) and early scientific opinions (e.g. the Pythagorean consideration, that day on the Moon is about fifteen times longer that day on the Earth). The paper is followed by an appendix with quotations from Greek and Latin sources in original languages.

Hypothetic life detected on the planet Venus

Ksanfomality L.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

2013

Vol. 10, iss. 1

76-89

Discovery and characterizations of extrasolar planets suppose that some of them possess physical conditions close to those of Venus. Therefore, the planet Venus, with its dense and hot (735 K) oxygen-free atmosphere of CO2 (mostly), having a high pressure of 9.2 MPa at the surface can be a natural laboratory for this kind of studies. On October 22/25, 1975 and March 1/5, 1982, experiments in television photography instrumented by the landers Venera-9, -10, -13 and -14 [1], yielded in large number of panoramas of the Venus surface (or their fragments) at the landing site. Over the past 31 and 38 years, no similar missions have been sent to Venus. In connection with the interest in what kind of life is possible existing on some of the exoplanets, the VENERA panoramas fit for analysis were re-processed and re-examined. A few relatively large objects were found with size ranging from a decimeter to half meter and with unusual morphology. The objects were observed in some images, but were absent in the other or altered their shape. Some of them were reviewed in Ksanfomality, 2012. Important is a search of Venusian flora. The article presents some of the obtained results.