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1
Content available The geotouristic potential of the scenic underground routes in the “Wieliczka” and “Bochnia” Salt Mines (Carpathian Foredeep)
Dzięgiel Maciej
Geotourism / Geoturystyka
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2021
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nr 3-4 (66-67)
17--45
EN
In this article, five scenic underground routes of historical salt mines in Wieliczka and Bochnia towns were the subject of comparative research, considered as very essential examples of geotouristic potential. In the “Wieliczka” Salt Mine, there are Touristic and Miners’ Routes, and in the “Bochnia” mine, there is a Multimedia Touristic route, as well as two Miners’: Natural and Historical ones. The routes lead through the parts of old mines. These salt deposits are a part of the Miocene evaporitic formations, as a fragment of the Carpathian Foredeep. A comparative geotouristic potential evaluation of all these routes was made to meet tourists’, educators’ and investors’ expectations and needs to raise their geotouristic development level. The statistical data of the annual number of visitors for the last few years at the described routes were also discussed. In general, interest in these routes has been growing, as the popularity of the industrial heritage in the “Wieliczka” and “Bochnia” Salt Mines has been regularly developing. They have become very widely known in Poland and around the world.
PL
Artykuł poświęcony jest analizie porównawczej potencjału geoturystycznego pięciu tras podziemnych zabytkowych kopalń soli w Wieliczce i Bochni. Dwie z nich (turystyczna i górnicza) znajdują się w Wieliczce, a trzy pozostałe (multimedialna turystyczna i dwie górnicze: historyczna i przyrodnicza) w Bochni. Prowadzą one fragmentami dawnych wyrobisk kopalnianych. Opisywane złoża solne mają postać ewaporatowej formacji powstałej w miocenie, wchodzącej w skład zapadliska przedkarpackiego. Ocena porównawcza potencjału geoturystycznego poszczególnych tras została dokonana z uwzględnieniem potrzeb turystów, nauczycieli i inwestorów. Wzięto pod uwagę także dane statystyczne dotyczące frekwencji turystów w omawianych obiektach dla kilku ostatnich lat. Ogólnie rzecz biorąc, zainteresowanie opisywanymi trasami podziemnymi systematycznie wzrasta do chwili obecnej, co jest skutkiem zwiększającej się z biegiem czasu popularności dziedzictwa przemysłowego w Wieliczce i Bochni, zarówno w Polsce, jak i na całym świecie.
2
Content available Wyniki mineralogicznych i geochemicznych badań ewaporatów ze złoża Taudenni-Agorgott (Mali, Sahara Zachodnia)
Pająk J., Pawlikowski M.
Auxiliary Sciences in Archaeology, Preservation of Relics and Environmental Engineering
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2013
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nr 16
1--18
EN
Field as well as mineralogical and geochemical investigation of evaporates of Taoudenni-Agorgott deposit were performed. It was stated out that the profile is composed of halite, glauberite, gypsum, carbonates, quartz and clay minerals. The sequence of the presence of minerals at the profile suggests the deposit is the result of evaporation of salty lake during drying of climate at the Sahara Desert. Mineral composition of evaporates suggest that Na-Cl reach like evolved to Na-Ca-SO4 phase and next was fully evaporated and coated with detrital sediments.
3
Content available Sedimentological and micropalaeontological evidence to elucidate post-evaporitic carbonate palaeoenvironments of the Saudi Arabian latest Jurassic
Hughes G., Naji N.
Volumina Jurassica
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2008
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Vol. 6, no. 1
61-73
EN
The Hith Formation forms the youngest lithostratigraphic unit of the Jurassic Shaqra Group. It represents the culmination of a succession of hypersaline and euryhaline cycles that characterise the Late Jurassic of Saudi Arabia. The Formation is poorly exposed in central Saudi Arabia, but it has been studied in detail in subsurface eastern Saudi Arabia where the upper carbonate member hosts an important hydrocarbon reservoir called the Manifa Reservoir. Chronostratigraphic control is absent from the formation itself, and the Tithonian age is suggested for the Hith Formation based on its stratigraphic position between the underlying Arab Formation of Late Kimmeridgian age, and the overlying Sulaiy Formation, of Late Tithonian to Berriasian age. The Hith Formation needs redefining in the light of new lithological evidence, and a tripartite member scheme is suggested. This includes the lower anhydrite-dominated member here termed the “anhydrite” member, and considered to represent hypersaline subaqueous deposition within a restricted deep lagoon during the lowstand systems tract of the Manifa sequence. A “transitional“ member consists of interbedded anhydrites and carbonates and approximates with the transgressive zone. The overlying “carbonate” member represents the results of a prograding shallow, normal salinity marine succession related to the highstand systems tract. Interbedded carbonates within the evaporites are interpreted to represent superimposition of a higher frequency, possibly 4th order eustatic cyclicity. The “carbonate“ member hosts the Manifa Reservoir, and here proposed as the Manifa Member, consist of five parasequences, each of which represents a shoaling-upwards cycle with a succession of up to five repeated lithofacies and biofacies that commences with a stromatolitic, microfaunally-barren unit followed by fine-grained grainstones with a monospecific but abundant ostracod biofacies. A succession of coarse pelloidal grainstones with rare foraminifera, including Redmondoides lugeoni, Trocholina alpina with a variety of unidifferentiated valvulinids and miliolids then follows, that passes vertically into coarse ooid grainstones, with rare Redmondoides lugeoni, forming the uppermost part of each parasequence.
4
Content available Pochodzenie stylolitów w gipsach z czapy wysadu solnego Wapna
Jaworska J.
Przegląd Geologiczny
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2006
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Vol. 54, nr 2
166-169
EN
Stylolites have been found in a core sample from the gypsum cap rock of the Wapno salt dome (figs 1-3) at a depth of 40 m below the land surface. These structures are inclined at 40-45ş to the core axis and cut by neomorphic gypsum crystals. Stylolites are products of the solution pressure. They commonly occur in carbonates but are very rarely encountered in evaporates, thus the origin and preservation of these structures in the cap rock of Wapno dome are interesting problems. Lithostatic pressure near the surface where the cap rock has been formed is insufficient to develop stylolites. Thus stylolites (fFigs 4-5) in gypsum cap rock of the Wapno salt diapir are probably early diagenetic structures preserved in a fragment of Zechstein anhydrite of Z2 or Z3 cyclothems. This anhydrite block with stylolites have been carried inside intruding salt masses to the top ofWapno dome. Halite and other easy soluble minerals had been dissolved, but the anhydrites with preserved stylolites have been incorporated in the cap rock and secondary altered into gypsum, similarly to the phenomenon found in Gorleben Salt Dome by Bäuerle et al. (2000).
5
Content available remote Vein deposits in Silurian evaporites of south-western margin of the east European platform
Dudok I. V.
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
|
1999
|
nr 387
24--25
6
Content available remote Two possible saline cyclothems in the Badenian evaporites of the Carpathian Foreland Basin
Bąbel M.
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
|
1999
|
nr 387
87--88
7
Content available remote The roles of calcium deficiency and brine mixing in the origin of Badenian laminated gypsum deposits of the Carpathian Foredeep
Bąbel M.
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
|
1999
|
nr 387
10--12
8
Content available remote The role of local and global factors in changes of the chemical composition of evaporite basin brines
Kovalevich V. M., Petrichenko O. I., Peryt T. M.
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
|
1999
|
nr 387
41--43
9
Content available remote Temperature of halite-forming brines in the Badenian evaporite basins of the Carpathian region: fluid inclusion study
Galamay A. R.
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
|
1999
|
nr 387
27--28
10
Content available remote Tectonic evolution of the Miocene evaporite basins of the Ukrainian Carpathians and Carpathian Foredeep
Panov G. M.
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
|
1999
|
nr 387
51--52
11
Content available remote Sulphur isotopes in the basins with evaporites of chloride and sulphate types
Makhnach A., Mikhajlov N., Kolosov I., Gulis L., Shimanovich V., Demeneva O.
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
|
1999
|
nr 387
47--48
12
Content available remote Stratigraphic and sedimentary aspects of the Upper Jurassic carbonate-evaporite deposits in the Ukrainian Carpathian Foredeep
Dulub V. G., Zabina N. N.
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
|
1999
|
nr 387
25--26
13
Content available remote Sedimentologic features of the uppermost Eocene-Lower Oligocene evaporites of the Central Anatolian basins, Turkey
Varol B., Kazanci N., Araz H.
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
|
1999
|
nr 387
74--75
14
Content available remote Reconstruction of brine paleocurrents in the Middle Miocene evaporitic basin of the Carpathian Foredeep
Bąbel M., Boguckiy A., Vizna S., Yatsyshyn A.
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
|
1999
|
nr 387
12--13
15
Content available remote Paragenesis of organic-rich, carbonate, and evaporite deposits in the Ukrainian oil and gas provinces
Petrichenko O. I., Kovalevich V. M.
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
|
1999
|
nr 387
53
16
Content available remote Osotopic constraints on the formation of evaporite-related carbonates by bacterial sulphate reduction, Messinian Tripoli Formation, Lorca Basin (Spain)
Taberner C.
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
|
1999
|
nr 387
65--67
17
Content available remote Lower Famennian evaporities within the Pripyat Though (Belarus)
Kruchek S. A., Vysotsky E.
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
|
1999
|
nr 387
43--44
18
Content available remote Lithofacies and depositional environments of Permian evaporites of Belarus
Vysotsky E., Tikhonov S., Kruchek S.
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
|
1999
|
nr 387
75--77
19
Content available remote Laminated aragonite-clay sediments (varves) of Chersonian age from north Bulgaria
Koleva-Rekalova E.
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
|
1999
|
nr 387
120--122
20
Content available remote Hydrothermal mineralization in evaporites
Dolishnij B. V.
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
|
1999
|
nr 387
21--22
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