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A novel method for extremum response estimation of wheel–rail rolling noise by the development of moving pseudo-excitation method

Zhu Zixu, Xu Qingyuan, Xu Lei

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

2023

Vol. 23, no. 3

art. no. e160, 2023

Wheel–rail rolling noise (WRRN) hold strong randomicity and time-varying time–frequency characteristics subjected to a moving vehicle on the tracks, consequently, its prediction highly depends on accurate simulation and calibration of vehicle–track interaction and noise source. In this work, a novel method is proposed to estimate the extreme value of WRRN. First, a flexible wheelset modeled by Timoshenko beam with variable cross sections is introduced and coupled into the rigid–flexible multi-body vehicle–track interaction model previously established by the finite elemental matrix coupling method. To simulate the noise source intensity and frequency characteristics, a moving pseudo–excitation method (MPEM) is developed for obtaining time-varying power spectral density (PSD) of system responses, and to obtain the extremum of time-domain response. Furthermore, a simplified WRRN prediction model (including the wheel, rail, and trackslab noise model), integrated with the modern acoustic theory, is presented to estimate the extremum of WRRN–sound pressure level (SPL). Numerical examples show the effectiveness and suitability of this model from aspects of system response amplitude, the PSD of wheel acceleration, the wheelset eigenfrequency distribution, the WRRN–SPL spectrum, and the extremum of WRRN–SPL. The practicality of the MPEM in predicting WRRN–SPL is also validated. The influence of vehicle speed and ground surface type on WRRN is investigated, and it shows that the vehicle speed is positively correlated to WRRN–SPL and the extremum of WRRN–SPL will be decreased by the reduction of the effective flow resistivity within bounds.