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Determination of the thermodynamic properties of liquid Ag-Sb-Sn system by equilibrium saturation method

Romanowska J., Bencze L

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

2011

Vol. 48, nr 1

41--51

Purpose: The interaction of lead-free solders with a copper substrate is an essential issue for the reliability of solder joints. In order to understand this interaction, the knowledge of thermodynamic and other physical properties of several ternary systems such as Ag-Sb-Sn system is necessary. The aim of this work was to determine the activities of all components in Ag-Sb-Sn alloy. Design/methodology/approach: The investigation of this system was carried out using the equilibrium saturation (ES) method. The ES measurements were performed at 1273, 1373 and 1473 K. As the latter method is a comparative one, a Sn-Sb alloy was accepted as a reference alloy, where a formula for the Sb activity proposed by Jonsson and verified by Vassiliev was accepted. Findings: In the frame of the presented experiments the activity of Sb was determined by ES method. Research limitations/implications: The activity of Sb was obtained by ES and fitted to the Redlich-Kister-Muggianu (RKM) model. Practical implications: A knowledge of multi-component phase equilibrium can provide the alloy developer with specific data enabling finding alloys that meet certain criteria. Phase diagrams are built on the basis of experimental data and the reliability of phase diagrams depends on the reliability of the experimental data used for the optimisation. Hence it is advantageous to use various source of data obtained by several methods and when the data of different source agree (like the ones presented in this paper) it proves their reliability. Data presented in this paper will be used for Ag-Sb-Sn phase diagram optimisation in the frame of the COST Action MP0602. Originality/value: Sb activity values in Ag-Sb-Sn alloys obtained by ES and activity values of Sb, Ag and Sn calculated using the RKM model.

Thermodynamic properties of liquid Cu-Sb-Sn alloys by equilibrium saturation and Knudsen effusion mass spectrometric methods

Romanowska J.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

2009

Vol. 39, nr 2

69-74

Purpose: The interaction of lead-free solders with a copper substrate is an essential issue for the reliability of solder joints. In order to understand this interaction, knowledge of thermodynamic and other physical properties of several Cu-containing ternary systems such as Cu-Sb-Sn system is necessary. The aim of this work was to determine Sb activity in Cu-Sb-Sn alloy. Design/methodology/approach: Investigation of this system was carried out using the equilibrium saturation (ES) method and Knudsen effusion mass spectrometry (KEMS). The ES measurements were performed in 1373 K temperature. As the latter method is comparative one, a Sn-Sb alloy was accepted as a reference alloy, where a formula for Sb activity proposed by Jönsson and verified by Vassiliev was accepted. The Sb activity measurements by KEMS method were performed in a temperature range from 793 to 1323 K. Findings: In the frame of presented experiments, Sb activity was determined by ES and KEMS methods. Research limitations/implications: The Sb activities obtained by ES and KEMS agree well - Sb(KEMS)/Sb(ES) = 1.04 š 0.14. Practical implications: Knowledge of multi-component phase equilibrium can provide the alloy designer with specific data enabling finding alloys that meet certain criteria. Originality/value: The measured activity of antimony in the Cu-Sb-Sn alloys both by ES and KEMS method are comparable and they will be used for phase equilibria calculations of the Cu-Sb-Sn system.