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1

Effect of Pumice Powder on Mechanical, Thermal, and Water Absorption Properties of Fiberboard Composites

Koyuncu Menderes, Ulay Göksel, Şeker Ulvi

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2023

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Vol. 31, no. 3

30--36

EN

Composites were produced using medium-density fiberboard (MDF) flour with pumice powder which was mixed at various ratios by the hand lay-up technique. Mechanical properties, such as tensile and three-point bending strengths, were determined by ASTM D3039 and ASTM D790 respectively. The best three-point bending and tensile strength properties were maximum values obtained from composites containing 20wt% pumice powder (pp) and 50wt% pumice powder (pp) respectively. It is observed that the water absorption rate into the composites decreases with an increase in the pumice powder-to-ratio. The composite filled with 50wt%pumice powder absorbed the least amount of water compared to the other composites. All composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC). SEM images revealed a near-homogeneous surface partly free of defects and holes. However, lateral profile images showed the presence of MDF flour particles agglomerated and a considerable number of bubbles and cavities that could interfere with the mechanical properties of the composites. The results of the mechanical, and thermal properties suggested that pumice powder epoxy composites with MDF flour can increase their tensile, three-point-bending strength, and glass transition temperature for the pure MDF flour composite.

2

Study of mechanical and morphological properties of CCTO-BT/epoxy composite

Mishra Swagatika, Mishra Punyapriya, Mishra Punyatoya, Mohapatra Deepak Kumar, Mishra Dinesh Kumar, Shadangi Krushna Prasad

Composites Theory and Practice

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2023

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R. 23, nr 3

123--128

EN

The demand for environment-friendly ceramic reinforced polymer matrix composite (CRPMC) fabrication leads to the development of lead-free CRPMC. Calcium copper titanate (CCTO) and barium titanate (BT) are two of the most widely used lead-free ceramics for embedded capacitor applications. In the present study, the mechanical and morphological properties of both single and hybrid ceramic (CCTO and BT) filled epoxy composites were evaluated and compared with the unfilled pure epoxy resin. Hand lay-up followed by the compression molding technique were used to synthesize the CRPMC samples. Among the single filler CRPMCs, the BT/epoxy composite exhibited better mechanical properties and density values than the CCTO/epoxy composite. The 60:40 ratio hybrid CCTO-BT/epoxy composite possessed the highest mechanical properties and density values in contrast to the other composite specimens. The SEM micrographs of the fractured surfaces of the BT and CCTO CRPMC specimens were found to have a rougher and wavier appearance than the unfilled epoxy.

3

Assessment of mechanical and thermomechanical properties of epoxy-basalt composites modified with halogen-free intumescent flame retardants

Barczewski Mateusz, Matykiewicz Danuta, Andrzejewski Jacek, Sałasińska Kamila, Paszkiewicz Sandra, Piasecki Adam, Aniśko Joanna, Hejna Aleksander, Przestacki Damian

Composites Theory and Practice

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2023

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R. 23, nr 4

239--246

EN

This study aims to examine the effect of flame retardants (FRs) on the mechanical and thermomechanical properties of epoxy composites reinforced with basalt fibers. To effectively modify fire behavior, it is usually necessary to introduce significant amounts of FRs, which raises many concerns due to the potential deterioration of other functional properties, including mechanical performance. In this work, 30 wt.% halogen-free FRs, including a two-component FR (ammonium polyphosphate with pentaerythritol) and melamine cyanurate, were introduced into the polymer matrix. The unmodified and intumescent FR-modified epoxy resin composites reinforced with basalt fibers were subjected to static flexural test and thermomechanical properties assessment. The research results were correlated with the analysis of changes in the chemical composition assessed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. As a result, the saturation of the reinforcing fabrics by the modified epoxy resin was limited, which caused a different failure mechanism under static bending and impact test conditions. Both FR systems reduced the flammability of the modified epoxy laminates along with also acceptable deterioration of the mechanical properties. The most beneficial effects considering the combination of all the analyzed features were noted for the two-component FR system containing ammonium polyphosphate and pentaerythritol.

4

Fabrication and Different Characterization of Graphene Nano Platelets Reinforced Epoxy Nano Composites

Namdev Anurag, Purohit R., Telang A., Kumar A.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2023

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Vol. 68, iss. 2

823--832

EN

In this research, Graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) reinforced epoxy nano composites were fabricated via magnetic stirrer and ultra sonification assisted hand layup method. The impact of different weight percentage of GNP (0, 0.25, 0.50, and 1.0%) on different characteristics of nano composites was evaluated. The microstructure analysis of developed nano composite was determined by Field emission scanning electron microscopy. It was examined that epoxy nano composites containing 0.5 wt.% GNP have the highest tensile, flexural, and impact strength compared to neat epoxy. The reduction in tensile and flexural strength is achieved at 1% of GNP. Adding more nanofiller to a certain limit causes non-uniform dispersion and agglomeration of nanoparticles, which results in a reduction in properties. The 1% GNP reinforced nano composite has the highest value of shore hardness.

5

Usability of obsidian with special refraction as an ornamental stone by bonding with epoxy resin

Rızaoğlu Tamer, Camuzcuoğlu Murat

Systemy Wspomagania w Inżynierii Produkcji

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2022

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Vol. 11, iss. 2

96--103

EN

Ornamental stones have been used quite a lot from past to present, and they are produced both naturally and synthetically in terms of visuality, durability and rarity. Naturally used ornamental stones are divided into two different classes as precious and semi-precious, and obsidian with two different colors belonging to the Nemrut volcanics used in the study is classified as semi-precious stones. Obsidian is a volcanic glass, showing a special fracture (conchoidal) and fracture surfaces give the rock a distinctive shine. In this study, obsidian was classified by breaking in different sizes (8-4.75 mm, 4.75-2 mm and 2-0.6 mm) in order to achieve this brightness. While black obsidian shards were obtained from 4.75-2 mm in size, brown obsidian shards were obtained from 2-0.6 mm shards and chose with the help of tweezers. Obsidian fragments with both colors were bonded with epoxy resin mixed at a ratio of 2:1 (epoxy and hardener) and placed in jewelry apparatus. The known durability properties and gloss of epoxy and the gloss on the broken surfaces of obsidian have been highlighted, and it has been observed that obsidian which has been used with different cutting and polishing techniques until now, can be obtained as a new product by using binder material. It is suitable to be used as an ornamental stone in jewelry making as a result of binding the obsidian fragments with epoxy by making use of the shines that occur on the fractured surfaces of the obsidian. In addition, it has been revealed that new products can be obtained as a result of bonding many natural rocks and minerals by using different binding materials.

6

Effect of nano-kaolinite weight fraction on interfacial shear strength of fibre reinforced nanocomposite

Hasan Hisham Mohammed Ali, Hasan Bahaa Aldin Abass

Composites Theory and Practice

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2022

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R. 22, nr 1

16--20

EN

Many studies around the world focus on the use of organic and inorganic additions to polymer composites to enhance their mechanical properties. Investigations were conducted to study the mechanical properties of composites with nano-kaolinite weight fractions of 1, 3, 5, 7, and 12% incorporated into an epoxy matrix. Further investigations were carried out on the diffusion of the epoxy nano-kaolinite monomer into the interfibrillar space when polypropylene and Kevlar rope fibre were added. The Kevlar fibre/matrix and polypropylene fibre/matrix interfacial shear strength was evaluated by the single fibre drag-out method. The highest interfacial shear strength was observed at a 5 wt.% nano-kaolinite content. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), as well as characterisation by X-ray diffraction (XRD), were performed on all the epoxy/nano-kaolinite, Kevlar specimens.

7

Experimental investigation of bond–slip behavior of between-anchored steel strips to concrete surface

Kopraman Yağmur, Özdemir Anil, Anil Özgür, Sakin Shaimaa, Armakan Furkan

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 22, no. 4

art. no. e198, 2022

EN

Reinforced concrete and masonry structures may need strengthening or retrofitting for many different reasons. It is known that strengthening/retrofitting details developed with steel elements are used and widely preferred in these studies. Realistic knowledge of the bond–slip material model between the existing concrete surface and the steel strip in the strengthening/retrofitting details developed using steel strips is extremely important to determine the designed strengthened structural bearing capacity and load–displacement behavior. In the literature review, no study was found in which the bond–slip material model between concrete surfaces and steel strips was investigated extensively. For this reason, an experimental study was planned. In the experimental program, using a special axial tensile test setup designed by the authors, 72 test specimens were tested under the effect of monotonically increased axial tensile force. Axial load displacement, shear stress–shear displacement, and strain distribution values along the steel strip of the test specimens were obtained. It was interpreted how the results were affected by the experimental variables. An innovative bond–slip material model was proposed using the experimental results between the non-anchored and anchored steel strips and the concrete surface. It is thought that the bond–slip model between the developed steel strips and the concrete surface will be useful in the realistic calculation of the bearing capacity and general load–displacement behaviors of the strengthening/retrofitting details designed using steel strips. It can be used in finite element models. It can be used in finite element models. The increase in concrete compressive strength from 10 to 25 MPa increased the axial load maximum bearing capacity values of the steel strips by an average of 44%. The maximum bearing capacity values of the steel strips bonded with a 2 mm thickness epoxy layer were calculated by, on average of 86% higher than the test specimens bonded with 6 mm thickness epoxy. The maximum axial bearing forces of the test specimens in which the axial tensile force was applied concentrically were obtained on an average of 27% greater than the test specimens tested by applying eccentric loading. The maximum bearing capacity values of the test specimens with two anchors on the steel strips adhered to the concrete surface were obtained on an average of 42% higher than the non-anchored test specimens in which only epoxy was used. The maximum bearing capacity values of the test specimens with 400 mm steel strip adhesion length exhibited an average of 108% higher maximum bearing capacity values than the test specimens with 100 mm steel strip bond length.

8

Mechanical properties evaluation of banana fibre reinforced polymer composites: a review

Gairola Surya P., Tyagi Yogesh, Gupta Nitin

Acta Innovations

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2022

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no. 42

59--70

EN

In today's fast-developing world, the use of composite materials is closely related to environmental pollution, renewable and biodegradable resources. A researcher is looking for environmentally friendly materials. Natural and synthetic fibres come in a wide range of shapes and sizes. Natural fibres include jute, straw wheat, rice husk banana fibre, pineapple leaf fibre, cotton, Sisal, Coir, Oats, and Bagasse. Every year, 13.5 tonnes of banana fibre are produced in India. Teabags, paper, and polymer composite reinforcement are just a few of the applications for banana fibre. This article focuses on the manufacture of banana fibre with epoxy and a variety of other natural fibres. By combining banana fibre with some current technology, waste will be reduced, and energy efficiency will be increased, all while supporting sustainability. Banana fibres are covered in this work, along with their uses, applications, and mechanical qualities, as well as how banana fibre might improve mechanical properties.

9

Effect of addition of non-functionalized graphene oxide in a commercial epoxy resin used as coating

Varela Caselis Jenaro Leocadio, Santamaría Juárez Juana Deisy, Galicia Aguilar José Alberto, Domínguez Alcalá María Fernanda, Rubio Rosas Efraín, Mendoza Hernández José Carlos, Sánchez Cantú Manuel

Materials Science Poland

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2021

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Vol. 39, No. 4

467--477

EN

The paper studies the effect of incorporating graphene oxide (GO) without surface functionalization on a commercial epoxy resin. GO was dispersed in a commercial epoxy resin at concentrations of 0 wt.%, 0.1 wt.%, 0.5 wt.%, 1 wt.%, and 3 wt.%. The resultant materials were deposited on carbon steel substrates, followed by the use of a 5 wt.% aqueous NaCl electrolyte, to evaluate the effectiveness of their anticorrosive coating function. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed that the GO was homogenously dispersed in the polymer matrix, resulting in flat and smooth surfaces. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that although GO was highly dispersed in the polymer matrix, multilayer graphene was also obtained after curing. The anticorrosive properties were evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) at various exposure periods. Analysis of the prepared samples indicated that the best anticorrosion performance among them was available with the 0.5 wt.% GO coating. The obtained results indicate that GO–polymer matrix composites provide improved corrosion protection properties even after 500 h exposure to the NaCl solution.

10

Thermal gravimetric analysis of glass fiber reinforced composite for understanding the impact of copper oxide in relation to titanium oxide filler particles

Alam Shahinoor, Chowdhury Mohammad Asaduzzaman

Composites Theory and Practice

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2021

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R. 21, nr 1-2

12--21

EN

In this work, the composite samples required to investigate their thermal properties were fabricated employing the conventional hand lay-up technique, followed by a light compression molding process. A fixed weight of plain woven glass fiber and epoxy with four different types of fillers as calcium carbonate (CaCO3), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), magnesium oxide (MgO) and titanium oxide (TiO2) or copper oxide (CuO) of different weights (5, 10 and 15 g) were studied. According to thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), it was observed that the melting point (Tm) and glass-transition temperature (Tg) are affected by the presence of CuO and TiO2, which indicate the degree of composite crystallinity established by the stronger interfacial interaction by the CuO than that of the TiO2 particles and the amorphous region of the chain. These studies were supported by examination of the surface morphology of the composites by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

11

Influence of Carbon Particle in Polymer Matrix Composite over Mechanical Properties and Tribology Behavior

Sravanthi K., Mahesh V., Nageswara Rao Boggarapu

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2021

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Vol. 66, iss. 4

1171--1178

EN

In this research, the carbon particle dispersions are made in two different levels as carbon nano tube (CNT) and carbon particle in microns range. The mechanical strength is evaluated for the composites developed by axial loading and bending test analysis. In addition, the air jet abrasive particle erosion study is performed for different angle of impingement. The dispersion of carbon particle in the matrix material has reduced the mechanical strength. The sample with 4% of CNT dispersion in the composite has a maximum strength of 143 MPa and a minimum strength of 112 MPa. For the same combination (4% of CNT composite), the maximum flexural strength is 116 MPa. It is clear to infer that the strength of CNT in matrix materials is superior to the increase in length of carbon particle. The dispersion of carbon particle in the matrix material increases the brittleness and the strength is diminished. During the flexural bending, the fiber delamination occurred with severe deformation in the plain composite. When the materials are subjected to impingement of solid particle, the attrition effect on the exposed surfaces is vulnerable towards erosive mechanism. The presence of carbon in the matrix material has significantly increased the surface property. The results are appreciable for 4% of CNT composite. Especially at 30º, the minimum erosive wear 0.0033 g/g has been recorded. Erosive wear is less at minimum impingement angle and the wear is found increasing at higher impingement angle. Therefore, it is recommended not to add carbon particle to a higher weight percentage, since it leads to brittleness.

12

Lightweighting of wishbone finite element analysis

Wang Shuxian, Chong Perk Lin, Hughes David

Engineering Transactions

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2020

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Vol. 68, iss. 1

103--114

EN

This paper focuses on lightweighting of wishbone structure for ordinary 5-seated commercial vehicle. Typically, the wishbone structure is made of high carbon steel and the aim is to investigate if the composite materials, such as E-Glass/Epoxy, Carbon/Epoxy and Boron/Epoxy, can achieve the lightweighting purpose without compromising material strength. The study is carried out through finite element package (Siemen NX) with the consideration of three different loading conditions, namely, lateral braking force, vertical and longitudinal braking force. Throughout the study, it is found that both Carbon/Epoxy and Boron/Epoxy composites is able to reduce the weight of the component by 46% while maintaining the required strength.

13

Effect of silica fume and calcium carbonate whisker on interfacial behavior of near-surface-mounted FRP with magnesium phosphate cement

Zhang Liwen, Geng Tao, Liu Zhouqiang, Zhang Wenhua, Shang Qinghu

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 20, no. 1

14--29

EN

Magnesium phosphate cement (MPC) is a potential substitute of epoxy as an adhesive material due to its advantages in setting time, early strength, and good fire and corrosion resistance. In this study, silica fume (SF) and calcium carbonate whisker (CCW) were employed to improve bond capacity of MPC which were used instead of epoxy in near-surface-mounted (NSM) fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) systems. A direct pull-out test (DPT) was carried out to investigate bond performances of FRP–concrete interface after incorporating SF and CCW. According to the mix proportion of the MPC, a total of twenty-seven specimens in nine sets were divided into four groups: one group without additive, one group with SF alone, one group with CCW alone, and the last group with SF and CCW combination. Results showed that SF or CCW alone could improve MPC bond capacity, but their excess application would reduce it. SF and CCW combination, however, did not improve bond capacity as effectively as SF or CCW alone. Moreover, the addition of CCW would improve MPC’s bond ductility, with or without the adding of SF, but with the increase in CCW concentration, this improvement effect would decrease. Meanwhile, SF alone lowered its bond ductility.

14

Swarm intelligence integrated approach for experimental investigation in milling of multiwall carbon nanotube/polymer nanocomposites

Kharwar Prakhar Kumar, Verma Rajesh Kumar, Mandal Nirmal Kumar, Mondal Arpan Kumar

Archive of Mechanical Engineering

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2020

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LXVII, nr 3

353--376

EN

In manufacturing industries, the selection of machine parameters is a very complicated task in a time-bound manner. The process parameters play a primary role in confirming the quality, low cost of manufacturing, high productivity, and provide the source for sustainable machining. This paper explores the milling behavior of MWCNT/epoxy nanocomposites to attain the parametric conditions having lower surface roughness (Ra) and higher materials removal rate (MRR). Milling is considered as an indispensable process employed to acquire highly accurate and precise slots. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is very trendy among the nature-stimulated metaheuristic method used for the optimization of varying constraints. This article uses the non-dominated PSO algorithm to optimize the milling parameters, namely, MWCNT weight% (Wt.), spindle speed (N), feed rate (F), and depth of cut (D). The first setting confirmatory test demonstrates the value of Ra and MRR that are found as 1.62 µm and 5.69 mm3/min, respectively and for the second set, the obtained values of Ra and MRR are 3.74 µm and 22.83 mm3/min respectively. The Pareto set allows the manufacturer to determine the optimal setting depending on their application need. The outcomes of the proposed algorithm offer new criteria to control the milling parameters for high efficiency.

15

Comparative studies of tribological properties of selected polymer resins for use in hydraulic systems

Lubecki Marek, Stosiak Michał, Leśniewski Tadeusz

Tribologia

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2019

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nr 6

31--37

EN

The use of composite materials in the construction of hydraulic cylinders allows for a significant reduction in the weight of the element while maintaining its operating parameters. One of the issues to be solved at the design stage is to ensure the tightness of the cylinder and the correct cooperation of the cylinder with the piston. Four materials that can be used as internal coatings in such composite cylinders were selected in the work. Preliminary tests using the ball-on-disk method and observation of signs of wear were carried out using an optical microscope and SEM. After testing, materials for further studies were selected.

PL

Wykorzystanie materiałów kompozytowych w konstrukcji siłowników hydraulicznych pozwala na znaczne zmniejszenie masy elementu, przy jednoczesnym zachowaniu jego parametrów pracy. Jednym z zagadnień, które trzeba rozwiązać na etapie projektowym, jest zapewnienie szczelności cylindra oraz prawidłowej współpracy cylindra z tłokiem. W pracy wytypowano cztery materiały mogące znaleźć zastosowanie jako powłoki wewnętrzne w takich kompozytowych cylindrach. Przeprowadzono badania wstępne metodą ball on disk oraz obserwacje śladów zużycia przy wykorzystaniu mikroskopu optycznego oraz SEM. Po przeprowa¬dzeniu prób wytypowano materiały, które wykorzystane zostaną w dalszych badaniach.

16

Investigation of crack resistance in epoxy/boron nitride nanotube nanocomposites based on multi-scale methodInvestigation of crack resistance in epoxy/boron nitride nanotube nanocomposites based on multi-scale method

Hemmatian Hossein, Zamani Mohammad Reza, Jam Jafar Eskandari

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics

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2019

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Vol. 57 nr 1

207--219

EN

Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) possess superior mechanical, thermal and electrical properties and are also suitable for biocomposites. These properties make them a favorable reinforcement for nanocomposites. Since experimental studies on nanocomposites are timeconsuming, costly, and require accurate implementation, finite element analysis is used for nanocomposite modeling. In this work, a representative volume element (RVE) of epoxy/BNNT nanocomposites based on multi-scale modeling is considered. The bonds of BNNT are modeled by 3D beam elements. Also non-linear spring elements are employed to simulate the van der Waals bonds between the nanotube and matrix based on the Lennard- -Jones potential. Young’s and shear modulus of BNNTs are in ranges of 1.039-1.041 TPa and 0.44-0.52 TPa, respectively. Three fracture modes (opening, shearing, and tearing) have been simulated and stress intensity factors have been determined for a pure matrix and nanocomposite by J integral. Numerical results indicate that by incorporation of BNNT in the epoxy matrix, stress intensity factors of three modes decrease. Also, by increasing the chirality of BNNT, crack resistance of shearing and tearing modes are enhanced, and stress intensity factor of opening mode reduced. BNNTs bridge the crack surface and prevent crack propagation.

17

Depth-resolved measurement of the compression displacement fields on the front and rear surfaces of an epoxy sample

Zhang W., Dong B., Zhang W., He Z., Xie S., Zhou Y.

Optica Applicata

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2018

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Vol. 48, nr 2

311--323

EN

Compression is one of the typical parameters measured in material mechanics. In this research, the compression displacement fields on the front and rear surfaces of an epoxy sample are measured by using a tilt depth-resolved wavenumber-scanning Michelson interferometer. The light source is a distributed feedback laser diode, the wavenumber of which can be modulated to about 1.017 × 104 m–1 by the temperature without mode hopping. A random-sampling Fourier transform is designed to evaluate the phase differences before and after the applied loads. Experimental results show that the depth-resolved measurement of the compression displacement field is of high accuracy. It can be used to analyze force propagation inside resin-based composites.

18

The effect of the Kenaf natural fiber on enhancing the mechanical properties of bio-composites materials used in civil engineering

Bouguenina O., Mokaddem A., Doumi B., Berber M., Boutaous A.

Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering

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2018

|

Vol. 22, nr 1

301--311

EN

In this work, we have investigated the effect of the natural Kenaf reinforcement on the improvement of the interfacile bond between two types of epoxy and Polypropylene (PP) matrix. Our genetic model is based on Weibull’s probabilistic models and on Cox’s interface model. The moisture content for each material is determined by Fick’s law. Our simulation results show that the most resistant interface is that of Kenaf-Polypropylene compared to the other interfaces. This result coincides perfectly with the experimental data found by Paul Wambua et al. Which have shown that Kenaf is a promoter fiber for the improvement of the mechanical properties of biocomposite used in the field of civil engineering.

19

Przemiana lepkosprężysta i właściwości napełnionych kompozytów epoksydowych odpornych na ścieranie

Prokopchuk N. R., Dolinskaya R. M., Poloz A. Y., Ebich Y. R.

Elastomery

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2018

|

T. 22, nr 2

136--142

PL

Badano właściwości lepkosprężyste napełnionych kompozytów epoksydowych na bazie żywicy dian ED-20, w temperaturze 60–140°C, w zależności od zawartości napełniacza, węglika krzemu. Przedstawiono różnice we właściwościach kompozytów w zależności od zmiany stosunku energii odkształcenia sprężystego i plastycznego. Te energie odkształcenia kompozytów są z kolei określane przez morfologię wzmacniającego napełniacza o małej plastyczności.

EN

Viscoelastic properties of the filled epoxy composites on the basis of diane resin ED-20 are studied at 60–140°C depending on concentration of a filler, silicon carbide. Different properties of composites caused by change of an energy ratio of elastic and viscous deformation are shown. These energies of deformation of composites, in turn, are defined by morphology of the strengtheninged low-ductile filler.

20

Investigation and simulation by a metaheuristic algorithm of the effect of carbon nanotubes fibers on the improvement of the properties of nanocomposite material

Oukkas M., Mokaddem A., Doumi B., Boutaleb M., Temimi L., Boutaous A.

Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering

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2017

|

Vol. 21, nr 4

1009--1020

EN

In this article, we investigated and studied the effect of carbon Nanotubes fibers on the improvement of the mechanical and thermal properties of our epoxy matrix composite material. Our calculations were based on a heuristic optimization algorithm. The results show that the level of the damage is related to the concentration of the mechanical and thermal stresses, for the three materials studied carbon/epoxy, Graphite-epoxy and carbon nanotubes/epoxy, the calculations also show that carbon nanotubes have greatly improved the mechanical and physical properties of our material, and that this material is more resistant than the other carbon/epoxy composite materials and graphite-epoxy nanocomposite. The numerical simulation shows a good agreement with the real behavior of the three materials studied. This means that the mechanical and physical properties have been greatly improved after the use of carbon nanotubes fibers. Finally, we can say that our model has worked well in relation to the phenomenon of damage of composites and nanocomposites materials. It would be interesting to see, thereafter, the effect of carbon nanotubes fibers on the damage of the fiber-matrix interface of a bio-nanocomposite.