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EN
The growing demand for transportation has brought even larger quantities of traffic in spatially limited port areas. Considering a diverse traffic mix, infrastructural overcapacity and busy schedule, port communities have started to face possible degradation of safety and environmental standards. To mitigate these problems, a number of different monitoring solutions of marine environment were deployed. Since conventional environmental and traffic data gathering by physical monitoring and sampling was logistically complicated and inefficient in time and resources, different approaches had to be considered. With the rise of accessible Internet of Things (IoT) technology some ports already installed smart monitoring devices such as smart buoys. The goal of this paper is to examine the concept and benefits of an automated smart buoy as a cost effective, easy to install device capable of real-time remote information sharing. Furthermore, the design and operational processes of existing automated smart buoy will be presented, along with solutions for tackling navigational safety and environmental problems.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wybrane grupy wozideł sztywnoramowych. Główny nacisk położono na największe wozidła. Opisano krótko historię ich powstania i rozwoju. Podano ich cechy charakterystyczne i podstawowe dane techniczne.
EN
In order to reduce the globalization's risks Kofi Annan formulated a Global Compact between business and society based on the Universal Deciaration of Human Rights, the International Labour Organization's Declaratioa on fundamental principles and rights at work, and the Rio Deciaration of the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in 1992. Today niore than 700 companies are enlisted to the Compact. The articel explores the Polish and German commitment to the Global Compact, the structure of the national networks and the kind of activities adapted. It concludes that multinational companies foster the most advanced activities and are able to internalize the Global Compact Principles into their structures. Thus, they dominate the German and Polish national networks alike with the result that some of the most commited actors in the Polish network are foreign companies. German small and middle enterprises hestitate to participate at the Global Compact, wliile their Polish counterparts are integratcd into their national Global Compact network. In Order to model the globalization process in terms of the Global Compact, the articel recommends that companies should internaiize the Global Compact principles ralher Ihan pursue external activities that have no Jong term impact.
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