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Emissions of Air Pollution in Industrial and Rural Region in Poland and Health Impacts

Połednik Bernard

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 9

250--258

EN

Air pollution is a global problem. In Europe, ambient air quality remains poor in many areas, particularly in urban ones. Air pollutants have a significantly adverse effect on human health and ecosystems. They are the main cause of many serious illnesses and thus contribute to increased mortality. This paper analyzes the air pollutant emissions in the last four years (2018–2021) in the Upper Silesian Region, which has one of the worst air qualities in Poland and in Europe in general, and the emissions in the Lublin Region in eastern Poland, which is considered as a clean region. In each of the above-mentioned regions, the areas with the highest air pollutant emissions were specified i.e. the Upper Silesian Agglomeration and the Lublin Agglomeration. The emission data for the following pollutants: particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5), benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), sulfur oxides (SOx) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) have been compared. The obtained results were also compared with the estimated average emissions in Poland. It was indicated that in both agglomerations the exposure to air pollutants was on similar levels, which were several times higher than in the remaining parts of the considered regions and the average values for Poland in general. In the Silesian Agglomeration, the exposure to PM10 was over 5 times higher than the average national exposure. The exposure to PM2.5 was almost 6 times higher, the exposure to BaP was about 5 times higher, while the exposure to SOx and NOx was 16 and 10 times higher than the national average, respectively. This is reflected in the increased number of premature deaths and the number of years of life lost due to the exposure to air pollution. Therefore, the actions aimed at limiting air pollutant emissions are urgent in the above-indicated areas.

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Some Issues Quantifying Low-carbon of an Achievement Energy and Industry

Ziganshin Malik G.

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2021

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Tom 23

446--457

EN

In this work, for use as a unified tool within the framework of ISO 50001, a methodology for rating assessment of the processing of emissions with global pollutants is proposed, which was developed by the authors and recommended for use by state documents of the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. It is distinguished by the absence of not transparences elements. As the initial data, the actual background concentrations (according to WMO data), the annual ceiling of greenhouse gas emissions and the maximum permissible emissions of toxic compounds, information on the characteristics of emission sources are taken for the enterprise, and as operational constants, the global warming potentials of greenhouse gases (GWP100) and officially approved values of maximum permissible concentrations of toxic compounds (MPC). The method is based on the equation (presented here at annotation in a simplified form), which gives a numerical indicator (rating) R of the efficiency of a production facility in terms of hazardous emissions into the atmosphere, taking into account greenhouse gases and energy costs arising from their removal. Currently, the technique is adapted to the energy sector; for wider adaptation to various industries, a low-carbon rating program has been drawn up for boiler houses, thermal power plants and industrial enterprises. It also meets the needs of understanding and predicting possible deviations of emission parameters from the standardized indicators. Therefore, it can serve as a tool within the framework of ISO 50001, providing objective control over the choice of means to ensure compliance with the requirements for harmful components emissions including greenhouse gases in the design and modernization of production facilities. The developed program is embedded for Russian enterprises in the shell of the ‘1C: Enterprise’ platform – a software product for automating accounting and management at enterprises. The program can also be used in the software shell of the automated accounting of the activities of a particular organization in a one or the other country.

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Sources of Emissions in Refinery – Legal Regulations and Costs

Kamiński Arkadiusz, Jakóbiec Janusz, Pusz Agnieszka

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 22, nr 11

53--61

EN

Crude oil processing associated with the impact on the environment. Refinery production processes are a source of emissions in virtually all environmental components. The article characterizes the sources of emissions by dividing them taking into account various criteria and escribes the regulatory and legal environment, addressing the problems of industrial emissions, taking into account current and forecast guidance at European and national level. Highlighted the various aspects related to the effects of legislation and its implementation, among which, indicated as the most important implementation costs in relation to the underlying operating costs.

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Wpływ temperatury na emisję lotnych związków organicznych z wyrobów budowlanych w pomieszczeniach ogrzewanych

Goljan Anna, Kostyrko Krystyna, Piasecki Michał

Przegląd Budowlany

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2019

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R. 90, nr 10

135--138

PL

Temperatura jest jednym z bardziej znaczących parametrów mających wpływ na emisję lotnych związków organicznych (LZO). Europejska horyzontalna metoda badania emisji lotnych związków organicznych PN-EN 16516:2017 Wyroby budowlane – Ocena uwalniania substancji niebezpiecznych – Oznaczenie emisji do powietrza wnętrz zakłada standardowe warunki badania w temperaturze 23°C (+/- 1°C). Opisano w niej metody badania emisji LZO oparte na europejskim pokoju modelowym w znormalizowanych warunkach środowiskowych. Norma nie przewiduje kontroli wyrobów budowlanych mających kontakt z działaniem podwyższonej temperatury, np. stosowanych do konserwacji grzejników. W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono grupy wyrobów budowlanych, które są narażone na wpływ podwyższonej temperatury z grzejników konwekcyjnych i promieniujących, europejskie metody badania emisji LZO oraz modele predykcji emisji lotnych związków organicznych.

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Zastosowanie technologii SDF do lokalizowania źródeł emisji BPSK i QPSK

Kelner J. M., Ziółkowski C.

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2015

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R. 91, nr 3

61-65

PL

Metoda SDF, zwana także dopplerowską metodą lokalizacji, służy do estymacji współrzędnych położenia źródeł emisji przez ruchomy odbiornik pomiarowy. Niniejszy artykuł został poświęcony zastosowaniu technologii SDF w odniesieniu do źródeł emitujących sygnały z kluczowaniem fazy. W artykule przedstawiono m.in. sposób wyznaczania częstotliwości Dopplera na podstawie analizy widmowej odbieranego sygnału, opis przeprowadzonych badań empirycznych oraz uzyskane wyniki.

EN

SDF method, also known as the Doppler location method, is used to estimate the position coordinates of the emission sources by the mobile measuring receiver. In this paper is presented how to use SDF technology to locate sources that emit the phase shift keying signals. In the paper are presented i.a.: a methodology for determining of the Doppler frequency based on the spectral analysis of the received signal, a description of the empirical studies and the obtained results.

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Modelowanie emisji biogazu ze składowisk odpadów komunalnych. Część 3. Weryfikacja modelu na podstawie badań polowych i jej ocena statystyczna

Gaj K., Cybulska H.

Chemia i Inżynieria Ekologiczna

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2002

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Vol. 9, nr 7

741-750

PL

Korzystając z wyników pomiarów imisji metanu wokół składowiska odpadów komunalnych i pomiarów składu biogazu określono współczynnik korekcyjny do opracowanego uprzednio modelu emisji biogazu, korzystając z gaussowskiego modelu rozprzestrzeniania się zanieczyszczeń. Uzyskano współczynnik zgodności wyników obliczeń modelowych z wynikami pomiarów w zakresie 0,8-1,4.

EN

The model oC biogas productivity worked out earlier have been verified on the base of methane concentration measurements in the biogas emitted and in the air around selected landfill; using of the Gaussian Dispersion Model. Consistency between the model and the results of measurements was in the range of 0.8-1.4.