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1
Content available Analysis of Light Pollution of the Night Sky in Toruń (Poland)
Karpińska Dominika, Kunz Mieczysław
Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports
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2020
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Vol. 30, no. 4
155--172
EN
Light pollution is one of the types of environmental pollution. The sky illuminated by the excessive light emission is an inherent element of the modern world. This phenomenon has been known for over a century, but research has been carried out only for several decades. Analysis of the brightness of the sky was made for Toruń (Poland) and neighboring areas. The main aim of the study was to study the distribution of brightness of the sky over a medium-sized city. The basic research method was a direct measurement of brightness made with the SQM photometer. The conducted research was carried out throughout the calendar year on 24 measurement stations located in Toruń. Measurement stations represented various types of buildings occurring in every city. On the basis of the obtained data, a map was made showing the extent of light pollution and its intensity, as well as the spatial distribution of this phenomenon. The brightness of the sky was also examined in terms of astronomical and weather conditions. Each aspect is documented in tabular and visual form.
2
Content available Influence of Plasma Parameters on Light Emission in GD-OES Analysis of Ni–Cu System
Nowak Wojciech J., Wierzba Patrycja
Advances in Manufacturing Science and Technology
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2020
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Vol. 44, nr 1
21--27
EN
In the present work, an effect of plasma-forming parameters on light emission during analysis by glow discharge optical emission spectrometry of Ni–Cu model alloys is studied. To evaluate the effects of plasma-forming parameters on light emission, argon pressure was varied in the range between 600 Pa and 1000 Pa under a constant power of 20 W. Moreover, a variation of power at 20 W and 30 W under a constant Ar pressure of 1000 Pa was investigated. An effect of the element content on light emission was found. Namely, for Cu, a monotonic, non-linear increase in measured light intensity with an increasing Cu content was found. Surprisingly, for pure Ni, a lower light intensity was measured as for Ni90–Cu10 (at.%). Possible reasons causing this was listed as: (i) possible effect of hydrogen, (ii) overlapping of lines for Cu and Ni and (iii) self-absorbing of Ni line at 341.574 nm.
3
Inteligentne szkło do inteligentnych budynków. Cz.2
Michałowski Tadeusz
Świat Szkła
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2019
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R. 24, nr 4
38--40
4
Content available remote Origin of visible photoluminescence of Si-rich and N-rich silicon nitride films
Komarov F., Vlasukova L., Parkhomenko J., Milchanin O., Żukowski P., Mudryi A., Żhyvulka V., Żuk J., Kopyciński P., Murzalinov D.
Przegląd Elektrotechniczny
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2016
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R. 92, nr 8
184--186
EN
Amorphous Si-rich and N-rich silicon nitride films were deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) and, subsequently, annealed at 600, 800 and 1100ºC in Ar ambient. The different dependences of photoluminescence (PL) spectra on annealing temperatures were revealed for Si-rich and N-rich SiNx films. The origin of PL is discussed on the basis of band diagram depending on the x value and taking into account radiative defects in amorphous SiNx films. The PL spectra transformation after thermal treatment is explained by structural modification via competing process of creation and annealing defects.
PL
Amorficznie wzbogacony Si i N warstwy azotku krzemu zostały utworzony przez wspomagane plazmą osadzanie chemiczne z fazy gazowej (PECVD), a następnie wygrzany w temperaturze 600, 800 i 1100ºC w atmosferze Ar. Różne zależności widm fotoluminescencji (PL) w temperaturze wygrzewania zostały ujawnione dla wzbogaconych Si i N warstw SiNx. Pochodzenie PL omówiono w oparciu o schemat pasma w zależności od wartości x, z uwzględnieniem defektów radiacyjnych amorficznej warstwy SiNx. Transformacji widma PL po obróbce cieplnej jest wyjaśniona przez strukturalną modyfikację spowodowaną konkurencyjnymi procesami tworzenia się i wygrzewania defektów.
5
Content available Streamer propagation in a non-uniform electric field under lightning impulse in short gaps insulated with natural ester and mineral oil
Rozga P.
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
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2016
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Vol. 64, nr 1
171--179
EN
This article describes the comparative experimental studies on streamer propagation in natural ester and mineral oil under a high voltage lightning impulse. These studies were concentrated around the small electrode gaps and the point-plane electrode arrangement. The spatial shapes of the developing streamers, light emission and propagation velocity were analyzed and compared between the two different dielectric liquids. In both of them two streamer propagation modes were registered during the studies performed. Propagation of slow 2nd mode streamers took place below the so-called acceleration voltage while fast 3rd mode streamers developed at acceleration voltage and above. Comparing the streamer shapes corresponding to a given voltage polarity, no visible differences were observed between the liquids tested. Concerning the light emission, higher frequencies of light pulses were registered however in the case of natural ester. The significant differences between both liquids were noticed in the value of the acceleration voltage estimated. In the case of positive polarity streamers started to develop in natural ester as a 3rd mode at lower value of testing voltage than in the case of mineral oil. For negative polarity, within the applied testing voltages, 3rd mode streamers appeared only in natural ester. On this basis, the fundamental conclusion is that natural ester may have a lower ability of preventing the development of fast and energetic 3rd mode streamers, even at small electrode gaps.
6
Content available remote Intermolecular interactions in Langmuir-Blodget films of liquid crystalline perylene derivatives
Hertmanowski R., Martyński T., Stolarski R., Bauman D.
Opto-Electronics Review
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2008
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Vol. 16, No. 3
237-243
EN
Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films formed of some discotic liquid crystals, namely 3,4,9,10-tetra-(n-alkoxy-carbonyl)-perylenes, mixed with arachid acid have been studied. The absorption and fluorescence spectra were recorded. The results obtained have led to conclusions about formation of self-aggregates of dye molecules both in ground and excited states at the air-solid substrate interface. It was found that some fraction of J-aggregates can be created in the ground state. In the excited state, mostly excimers appear and the number of this kind of aggregates depends on the length of the alkyl chains substituted to the perylene core, as well as on the dye concentration and the number of layers in LB films.
7
Spectrally resolved thermoluminescence measurements in poly(n-vinylcarbazole) blends
Mandowska E., Mandowski A., Tkaczyk S., Swiatek J.
Prace Naukowe. Chemia / Wyższa Szkoła Pedagogiczna w Częstochowie
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2001
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Vol. 5
95--101
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