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Assessment of the automatic toll collection in Poland

Mikulski J.

Archives of Transport System Telematics

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2016

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Vol. 9, iss. 2

40--45

EN

Nowadays, transport is one of the most important parts of life. Transport indicates the technological process of carrying the goods on the distance or relocating people. The most flexible type of transport is the motor transport. The article shows the electronic toll collection system present in Poland from 2011. However, the main goal is to introduce the entrepreneurs’ opinions - the system users and the privet people that are using the system, in order to compare their view on the functioning of that system.

2

Perspektywy unowocześnienia parku ciężarowego w Polsce m.in. w aspekcie wprowadzenia elektronicznego systemu poboru opłat za korzystanie z infrastruktury drogowej

Kordel Z., Bentkowska-Senator K., Waśkiewicz J., Balke M.

Transport Samochodowy

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2012

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z. 2

5--29

PL

Przedstawiono szacunki liczb parku ciężarowego i autobusowego o dopuszczalnej masie całkowitej (dmc) powyżej 3,5 t zarejestrowanego w kraju wg stanu na koniec 2010 r. Wykorzystując dane CEP i wiedzę specjalistów ITS oszacowano liczby zarejestrowanego w Polsce wg stanu na koniec lat 2008 i 2009 parku ciężarowego powyżej 3,5 t dmc wg norm emisji zanieczyszczeń. Rozpoznano liczby rejestrowanych (sprzedanych) w latach 2009 i 2010 oraz od stycznia do października 2011 r. nowych pojazdów ciężarowych i autobusów, które podlegają elektronicznemu poborowi opłat za korzystanie z infrastruktury drogowej. Podjęto próbę oceny wpływu wprowadzenia systemu elektronicznego poboru opłat za korzystanie z infrastruktury drogowej w Polsce na decyzje przewoźników w zakresie unowocześniania eksploatowanego taboru. Podjęto także próbę oceny wpływu faktów wprowadzenia w 2005 r. w Niemczech stawek (i następnie ich zmian) za korzystanie z dróg w systemie elektronicznego poboru opłat w kolejnych latach, na zmiany struktury parku ciężarowego wg norm emisji zanieczyszczeń. Zaprezentowano prognozę na 2020 r. liczb pojazdów ciężarowych powyżej 3,5 t do 12,0 t dmc oraz powyżej 12,0 t dmc wg norm emisji zanieczyszczeń EURO w Polsce. W opracowaniu opisano czynniki stanowiące przesłanki decyzji o odnowie taboru samochodowego podejmowanych w przedsiębiorstwach transportu samochodowego w Polsce.

EN

There are estimations shown of the numbers concerning trucks and buses fleet with the gross vehicle weight (GVW) exceeding 3,5t, registered in the country by the end of 2010. Making use of the data from the Central Register of the Vehicles and the knowledge of the specialists at ITS it was possible to evaluate the numbers for the fleet of the trucks above 3,5 t GVW registered in Poland by the end of the years 2008 and 2009, arranged according to the pollutants emission standards. The numbers of new trucks and buses the registered (sold) during the years 2009 and 2010, as well as between the January and October 2011, which are subject to the electronic toll collection for the use of the road infrastructure, have been identified. An attempt has been made to evaluate the effect of the introduction of electronic toll collection for the use of the road infrastructure in Poland, on the carriers’ decisions to modernise the car fleet used. The authors also tried to evaluate the effects of the introduction in 2005 in Germany of the toll rates (and then their changes) for using roads in the electronic toll collection system in the forthcoming years, on the changes in the structure of the trucks’ fleet according to the pollutants emission standards. The forecast was made for the 2020 of the number of trucks acceding 3,5 t GVW and below 12,0 t GVW as well as above 12,0 t GVW arranged according to the EURO pollutants emission standards in Poland. The paper describes factors representing reasons for renewal of the car fleet being made in the road transport enterprises in Poland.

3

Fiscal impact of electronic fee collection system on long-run efficiency

Kramberger T., Kramar U., Čurin A., Cedilnik M., Lipičnik M., Tajnšek V.

Transport Problems

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2012

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T. 7, z. 2

5-13

EN

The transport infrastructure is extremely important for economic development and the labour mobility and competitiveness of European economy. However it is becoming increasingly difficult for government to publicly fund transport infrastructures. Therefore the decision to implement toll roads in Europe as a transport-policy instrument is an important shift in the funding of infrastructure. Adoption of appropriate technology has implications on the efficiency of the system. The mathematical model developed upon and simulations were carried out on several scenarios given the different types of technology. The results suggest that DSRC technology employed on motorways to be the most efficient.

PL

Infrastruktura transportowa jest niezwykle ważna dla rozwoju przemysłowego, mobilności siły roboczej i konkurencyjności gospodarki Europejskiej. Jednakże coraz trudniejsze dla rządu staje się publiczne dofinansowanie infrastruktury transportowej. W związku z tym decyzję o wdrożeniu płatnych dróg w Europie jako instrument polityki transportowej jest znaczącą zmianą w finansowaniu infrastruktury. Przyjęcie odpowiedniego metody dofinansowania ma wpływ na wydajność systemu. Model matematyczny opracowany na jego podstawie i symulacje przeprowadzono na kilka scenariuszy, biorąc pod uwagę różne rodzaje technologii. Wyniki sugerują, że technologia DSRC użyta na autostradach jest najbardziej efektywna.

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Polskie badania w obszarze elektronicznego pobierania opłat drogowych

Nowacki G.

Drogi : budownictwo infrastrukturalne

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2012

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Nr 3 (5)

24-31

PL

Przedstawiamy wyniki testów projektu Krajowego Systemu Automatycznego Poboru Opłat (KSAPO). System składał się z czterech urządzeń pokładowych - OBU, dwóch bramek kontrolnych oraz laboratoryjnego modelu krajowej centrali automatycznego poboru opłat KCAPO.

EN

The paper presents tests results of the National Automatic Toll Collection System (NATCS). The system includes four on-board intelligent devices - OBU, two control gates and laboratory model of National Automatic Toll Collection Centre (NATCC). OBU is equipped with GPS, GSM and DSRC modules, which ensures its interoperability with other EETS systems in EU Member States. The system meets the requirements of Directive 2004/52/EC and the EC Decision. System has recognized not only four OBU Tripon - EU but also OBU from Toll Collect (GPS/GSM/IR) from Germany) and Passan- go (DSRC) from France which approved interoperability of two types of systems, DSRC and GPS/GSM used among EU member States. The system is reliable, its effectiveness of Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) was 99,9%.

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Road charging in urban areas in the middle-size city

Dicova J., Ondrus J.

Archives of Transport System Telematics

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2010

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Vol. 3, iss. 1

39-44

EN

With transport problems such as congested streets we can meet today nearly in every bigger city. It arises from the main issue - an increase of individual car traffic in the city centre. The road charging in urban areas is very simple and efficient way to reduce traffic volumes, lower congestions or to limit individual transportation demand in the centres. In our paper we would like to point out a perspective solution of utilization of electronic charging system in city centre and focus on proposal of methodology for the implementation of an urban toll system.

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GNSS technologies for electronic toll collection

Martinez Olague M. A., Cosmen-Schortmann J.

Archives of Transport System Telematics

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2008

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Vol. 1, iss. 1

68-72

EN

Problems with infrastructure financing, pollution and congestion are leading different countries to the implementation of Road Pricing schemes. GNSS appears as one of the most flexible and cost efficient technologies for the implementation of large ETC systems. However, due to the nature of GNSS with random and occasionally large position errors, GNSS based ETC still has some constraints that need to be overcome. The use of a signal with guaranteed integrity, as the one available in WAAS or EGNOS combined with advanced OBU algorithms provides an efficient solution that guarantees the correctness of the charging. This paper presents the results of the trials in which this technology has been used and demonstrates how the probability of overcharging can be controlled and dramatically reduced in a GNSS-only system. These trials have been executed in London, Madrid and The Netherlands.