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Analysis of development tendencies of metrological technologies to control rangefinders of an electronic distance measurement instruments

Burachek Vsevolod, Khomushko Dmytro, Tereshchuk Oleksiy, Kryachok Sergíy, Belenok Vadim

Advances in Geodesy and Geoinformation

2022

Vol. 71, no. 1

art. no. e13, 2022

The article analyses the development of metrological control technologies for electronic distance measurement rangefinders to determine their main characteristic of accuracy – the root mean square error of distance measurement. It is established that the current reference linear bases are reliable and serve as the main means of transmitting a unit of length from the standards to the working means of measuring length. The article describes the existing linear reference bases and specifies their accuracy and disadvantages. It is concluded that the disadvantages of linear reference bases are deprived of the reference linear bases built in special laboratories. They use distances measured by the differential method with laser interferometers as reference distances. The application of such technology allowed to automate the processes of measurements and calculations. There is development of fibre-optic linear bases, in which optical fibres of known length are used as model lines. The article offers a new technical solution – a combination of fiber-optic and interference linear bases, which allows to qualitatively improve the system of metrological support of laser rangefinders. This is achieved by having a fiber-optic unit, which allows you to create baselines of increased length, while ensuring small dimensions of the baseline, and relative interference base, which provides high accuracy of linear measurements and does not require calibration of the base with a precision rangefinder, which eliminates several difficulties associated with changes in the refractive index, makes measurements independent of the wavelength of the radiation source and almost independent of the ambient temperature.

Redukcja długości trajektorii fali pomiarowej dla precyzyjnych dalmierzy elektronicznych

Bryś Henryk

Przegląd Geodezyjny

2021

R. 93, nr 9

23--25

W opracowaniu przedstawiono zmodyfikowaną formułę na redukcję toru trajektorii fali pomiarowej dla elektronicznego pomiaru odległości za pomocą precyzyjnego tachymetru. Zamiast powszechnie zalecanego oraz stosowanego średniego współczynnika refrakcji trygonometrycznej 0,13, zastosowano średni pionowy gradient współczynnika załamania powietrza atmosferycznego, wyznaczany dla uśrednionej wysokości celowej nad podłożem gruntowym w trakcie pomiaru odległości. Analiza prezentowanej w artykule formuły wykazała, że najistotniejszy wpływ na wartość redukcji odległości, ma oprócz czynników meteorologicznych, wysokość przebiegu fali pomiarowej nad powierzchnią gruntu oraz pory dnia i roku. Wartości poprawki wynosić mogą kilka milimetrów/5 km.

The study presents a modified formula for reduction of the carrier wave trajectory path for electronic distance measurement using a precise tachymeter. Instead of the commonly recommended and used average trigonometric refractive index of 0.13, an average vertical gradient of the refractive index of the atmospheric air was used, determined for the average target height above the ground during the distance measurement. The analysis of the formula presented in the article showed that the most significant impact on the value of the distance reduction, apart from meteorological factors, is the height of the measurement wave above the ground, as well as the season and day. The correction values may be a few millimeters/5 km.