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1

Reducing Tannery Wastewater Pollutants through a Magnetic-Field and Ozone-Treatment Electrocoagulation System using Response Surface Methodology

Aguilar Ascon Edwar, Marrufo Saldaña Liliana, Neyra Ascón Walter

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2024

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Vol. 25, nr 1

74--83

EN

This study assessed the effectiveness of integrating electrocoagulation, magnetic fields, and ozonation technologies to remove chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solids (TSS) from tannery wastewater. Furthermore, the effects of their key operating factors were determined. To achieve this goal, an electrocoagulation reactor coupled with a magnetic-field generator was used and the response surface methodology was applied through a Box-Behnken experimental design. Here, current intensity (I), treatment time (T), and ozone concentration (O3) are considered the influencing factors. Likewise, the removal percentages of COD and TSS serve as response indicators. The results indicate that T, I, and O3 are significant for the removal of COD and TSS at a confidence level of p-value < 0.05. For COD, the optimal operating conditions are I = 6.8 A, T = 30 min, and O3 = 10 mg/l; and for TSS, the optimal conditions are I = 5.72 A, T = 28 min, and O3 = 7.8 mg/l. These conditions yield removal efficiencies of 41.8% for COD and 97.9% for TSS. The findings suggest that integrating these technologies is a viable alternative for mitigating the pollution issues caused by the tannery industry.

2

Efficient and Sustainable Remediation of Refinery Wastewater Using Electrocoagulation and Advanced Oxidation Techniques

Albrazanjy Mohammed G., Hasan Muayad M., Al-Jadir Thaer, Kadhim Wafaa A., Rahim Mohd Hasbi Ab., Al-Rubaiey Najem A.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2024

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Vol. 25, iss. 3

197--210

EN

Effluent wastewater from industrial processes needs to be properly treated before being discharged into the environment. Conventional procedures for handling this wastewater can be problematic due to the presence of toxic elements, time constraints, and complexity. However, a new electrochemical procedure has been developed as an effective method for remediation. In a recent study, refinery wastewater was successfully treated using an electrochemical technique combined with ultrasonic irradiation and photocatalysis. The study found that electrocoagulation, which uses cheap and recyclable metal electrodes, was a simple, efficient, practical, and cost-effective way to handle refinery wastewater. Various parameters were investigated, including electrode metals, operating time, applied voltage, pH, inter-electrode gap, and temperature. The aim was to determine the optimal configuration for pollutant removal. The study also focused on the synergistic effects of combining electrocoagulation and photocatalysis to improve the efficiency of contaminant removal in oily wastewater. By integrating these two treatment technologies, the researchers aimed to enhance pollutant removal rates, energy efficiency, and overall system performance. The research provided valuable insights into the feasibility, optimization parameters, and applicability of the electrocoagulation-photocatalysis process for remediating organic contaminants in oily wastewater industrial effluents. The results showed that electrocoagulation, especially when combined with ultrasonic irradiation and TiO2 photocatalysis, was highly effective in pollutant removal within a short timeframe. These findings support the implementation of this procedure for remediating most industrial wastewater.In conclusion, the study contributes to the development of more effective and sustainable water treatment strategies. The electrocoagulation-photocatalysis process shows promise in addressing the remediation of organic contaminants in oily wastewater from industrial processes.

3

The Treatment of Hospital Wastewater Using Electrocoagulation Process – Analysis by Response Surface Methodology

Salah Al-Shati Ahmed, Alabboodi Khalid O., Shamkhi Hassan A., Abd Zahraa N., Emeen Sara I. Mohammed

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 1

260--276

EN

Electrocoagulation (EC) can be defined a method utilized to remove pollutants from wastewater by applying an electric current to sacrificial electrodes. Many experimental variables like NaCl content (0–4 g/l), current density (5–25 mA/cm2), time (30–90 mins), and pH (4–10) that influence the removal efficiency regarding COD were considered. In the presented research, three distinct configurations related to electrodes, i.e. Al-Al, Fe-Al, and Fe-Fe, have been utilized to determine which was the most effective. RSM depending on BBD was utilized for optimizing various operational parameters with regard to HWW by use of EC. Maximum COD removal (97.9%) was reached at Fe-Al electrodes, NaCl (3.2 g/l), current density (24.7 mA/cm2), time (81.7 mins), and pH (7.4). COD removal (91.3%) was achieved at the Al-Al electrodes, NaCl (3.8 g/l), current density(23.5 mA/cm2), time-86.3 min, and Ph (7.7). At the Fe-Fe electrodes, the removal of COD (89.5%) was obtained at NaCl (2.3 g/l), current density (24.6 mA/cm2), pH 8.5, and time (86.9 min). This indicates that EC could remove pollutants from different types of wastewaters under many operating parameters and with arrangements of electrodes.

4

Electrochemical Purification of Oil-Containing Shipping Waters

Vozniuk Marta, Shabliy Tetyana, Gomelya Mykola, Sirenko Ludmila, Sidorov Dmytro

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 7

246--253

EN

The article describes the modern problems of formation and purification of marine oil-containing waters. The efficiency of using electrocoagulation to remove oil from water-oil emulsions of different mineralization using aluminum and iron anodes was studied. Treatment of water-oil solutions with an oil content of 100 mg/dm3 by electrocoagulation in a single-chamber electrolyzer provides 98–99% oil removal using these electrodes at an anode current density of 0.57–2.11 A/dm2 for highly mineralized waters and 0.34 A/dm2 for freshwater treatment during the first 15 minutes provides a reduction in oil concentration from 100 mg/dm3 to values at the level of 1.55–2.93 mg/dm3. When the water treatment time is extended to 45 minutes, greater efficiency in highly mineralized waters is provided by the aluminum anode.

5

Ciprofloxacin Removing from Aqueous Solutions Using Batch Reactor Electrocoagulation Process with Aluminum Electrodes

Majid Raghad, Samaka Isra'a Sadi

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 9

364--372

EN

Increasing the reliance on pharmaceuticals such as analgesics, antibiotics, antidepressants, and other medications harms the environment and human health. The electrocoagulation process is a modern and crucial technology for treating various pollutants. This paper uses electrocoagulation technology (EC) to remove the most widely used antibiotic, ciprofloxacin (CIP) from an aqueous solution. The proposed approach was experimentally implemented in a batch reactor equipped with (aluminium sheets) that act as electrodes (cathode and anode) arranged vertically in a monopolar parallel mode (MP-P). Different operating parameters were considered, in this work, including inter-electrode distance (IED), pH of the solution, current density (CD), electrolysis time (ET), initial concentration of CIP (Co), and concentration of supporting electrolyte NaCl. Several experiments were performed, and the results revealed that EC has successfully applied with a high removal efficiency of 98.48% under optimum operating conditions: a gap between electrodes = 1 cm, current density = 1.5 mA/cm2, electrolysis time = 60 min, pH = 5, initial CIP concentration = 50 mg/l, and NaCl = 500 mg/l. The experimental results confirmed that the EC process provides a strategy for removing CIP from wastewater with a high removal efficacy and low energy consumption, additionally offering an increased opportunity for using Al-EC cells to treat antibiotic contaminants.

6

Treatment of Municipal Wastewater Using Electrocoagulation Process

Abshishek H., Vijayakumar H., Mahesh Kumar C. L., Shwetha Kotagi Girisha

Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports

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2023

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Vol. 33, no. 4

1--13

EN

Treatment of Municipal wastewater by Electrocoagulation (EC) process using punched aluminium and zinc electrodes was studied in a batch EC cell reactor. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on Central Composite Design (CCD) was utilized to optimize the operating parameters for the removal of % Total Suspended Solids (TSS) and % Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) from Municipal Sewage. Effect of operating parameters such as Electrode Distance (x1), Electrolysis Time (x2) and Voltage (x3) has been optimized for the removal of TSS and COD. The prediction of removal percentage of TSS and COD in various Operational circumstances is done by using Quadratic model. The significance of each operating parameter was computed by Analysis of variance (ANOVA). To achieve the maximum removal of % TSS and % COD, the optimum conditions were Electrode distance(x1)-3 cm, Electrolysis Time (x2)-70.299 minute and Voltage (x3)-6.5V. It was observed that the performance of electrocoagulation process increased up to 61.45% for COD removal, and 73.73% for TSS removal using punched electrode compared to plane electrodes.

7

Treatment of Surface Treatment Effluents by Electrocoagulation Process Using Aluminium Electrodes

Namoussi Soukaina, Merbouh Chaimaa, Kabriti Mohamed, Nahli Abdelmottalib, Naamane Ayoub, Chlaida Mohamed, Iounes Nadia

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 1

91--99

EN

The surface treatment industry generates effluents with a high load of highly toxic chemicals which must be treated under increasingly stringent regulation. The aim of this study was to treat the effluents of surface treatment unit of an aeronautical industry by the electrocoagulation process using aluminium electrodes. This process is used to study the performance to remove colloidal load, significant amount of oxidizable material and high levels of various metal elements (Cr, Fe, Zn, Cu and Al) from these effluents, under optimum conditions of pH 7, 8.6A of current intensity and 60 min of application. The electrocoagulation process was found to be effective in reducing turbidity (97.12%), COD (97.5%), SS (97.84%) and conductivity (96.82%), hexavalent chromium (99.99%), Zn (96.82%), Cu (94.3%), Iron (99.9%), Al (91.96%). The treated effluent conformed to the Moroccan standards of surface treatment discharge.

8

The Performance of Electrocoagulation Process in Removing Organic and Nitrogenous Compounds from Landfill Leachate in a Three-Compartment Reactor

Bagastyo Arseto Yekti, Sidik Fahrudin, Anggrainy Anita Dwi, Lin Jr-Lin, Nurhayati Ervin

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 2

235--245

EN

In this study, the effectiveness of the electrocoagulation (EC) process was evaluated based on the reduction of organic and nitrogenous contaminants in landfill leachate. A three-compartment electrochemical reactor as pre-treatment of stabilized landfill leachate was carried out ahead of biological treatment. The removal efficiencies of COD, BOD, ammonia, and nitrate were analyzed at pH 4, 6, and 8 with the current densities of 20.83 and 29.17 mA•cm–2. At pH 4, the highest removal of COD and NH4+ was obtained, i.e., in the range of 72–81% and 43–59%, respectively. The ratio of BOD5/COD was increased after EC, from initially 0.11 to 0.32 at pH 4. In addition, EC effectively removed humic substances in the leachate by targeting a large amount of high molecular weight humic substances, with around 103 kDa. However, the higher removal efficiency observed at higher current density leads to higher specific energy consumption. At a current density of 29.17 mA•cm–2, the specific energy consumption obtained in EC was around 10–17 Wh•g–1 COD and 99–148 Wh•g–1 NH4+. This could be decreased up to 50% at an applied current density of 20.83 mA•cm–2 with slightly lower efficiencies.

9

Physical and numerical model of electrocoagulation process with aluminum electrodes for phosphate removal

Halkijevic Ivan, Loncar Goran, Posavcic Hana, Vouk Drazen

Environment Protection Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 48, nr 3

53--68

EN

The efficiency of the electrocoagulation process for the removal of phosphate ions (PO43--P) has been analyzed using a batch full-scale reactor with aluminum electrodes. The effects of the flow rate through the reactor applied current density, and reactor volume were the focus of the study. The initial (PO43--P) concentration was reduced by 90% after 90 min of reactor operation time. Additionally, a three-dimensional numerical model for PO43--P removal via the electrocoagulation process is developed that includes the processes of phosphate adsorption and desorption on coagulated/flocculated particles, along with particles settling. Numerical model parametrization relies on the results from the experiments.

10

Removal of nickel(II) from industrial wastewater using selected methods: a review

Kruszelnicka Izabela, Ginter-Kramarczyk Dobrochna, Góra Wojciech, Staszak Katarzyna, Baraniak Marek, Lota Grzegorz, Regel-Rosocka Magdalena

Chemical and Process Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 43, nr 4

437-–448

EN

Due to the increasing problem resulting from environmental pollution with heavy metals, great emphasis is placed on the development of removal methods of these pollutants from the environment. This study presents a literature review on the methods for the removal of nickel ions from aqueous solutions such as sorption, especially using low-cost sorbents which are very popular in 21𝑠𝑡 century, electrochemical processes and membrane techniques. It is often impossible to use a single technique for efficient removal of heavy metals from wastewater as the process depends on many factors, such as wastewater composition, pH, temperature and many others. The aim of this review is to present some selected removal techniques of nickel(II) from wastewater from the point of view of their efficiency and applicability.

11

Study on the utilization of electrocoagulation concept as a disinfectant substitute in hospital wastewater

Fikri Elanda, Djuhriah Nanny, Hanurawaty Neneng Y.

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

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2021

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Vol. 30, No. 2

261--270

EN

The purpose of this study is to identify differences in variations of contact time and number of electrode plates in electrocoagulation process on the decrease of total Coliforms in Bandung City hospital wastewater. An experimental research with factorial randomized design. The volume of wastewater sample to check the total Coliforms was a minimum of 100 ml, using 3 treatments and 6 repetitions. Data analysis used was two-way ANOVA test. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the number of plates (p = 0.269), contact time (p = 0.537), and the number of plates and contact time (p = 0.863) with the total Coliforms in electrocoagulation process. The use of 6 plates and 90 min contact time showed the best results in reducing total Coliforms, with effectiveness reaching 88.38%. This means that the concept is quite effective to use as a substitute for disinfectant.

12

A combined hydrocyclone - electrocoagulation treatment for different types of industrial wastewater

Farghaly Mohamed G., Attia H., Saleh H. A., Ramadan A. M., Abdel Khalek M.A.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2021

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Vol. 57, iss. 2

143--155

EN

Every year, a large amount of mineral processing wastewater is discharged from various industries into the environment which is considered a challenging task not only because of its large volume, but more importantly, its hazardous components, while its reuse as feedwater without proper treatments causes great harm to the final product of these industries. Cost-effective methods are required to treat a wide range of industrial wastewater in a diverse range of conditions. In this study, a combined hydrocyclone-electrocoagulation system is tried to treat the wastewater for industries with high water consumption and high pollutants such as paper industry, iron and metal forming industry, and marble industry. The effects of the hydrocyclone operational parameters, such as feed inlet pressure and diameter, vortex finder diameter, apex diameter, and feed solids content, were investigated. In the case, wastewater of paper industry, the following optimum conditions (P = 4.5 bar, !" = 15.8 mm, !# = 6 mm, !$ = 4 mm and %& = 2.3%) were achieved. An overflow of about 90.58% water recovery and 21.45% solid at 75.92% separation efficiency was obtained. The results showed that the hydrocycloneelectrocoagulation treatment has efficiently treated the three different types of industrial wastewater. The chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total solid (TS), total suspended solids (TSS), colour and turbidity, were reduced sharply and met the effluent discharge or reuse standards. Also, compared with the hydrocyclone-treated wastewater, the hydrocyloneelectrocoagulationtreated wastewater was found to be more enhanced.

13

Optimizing the Reduction of Total Suspended Solids in Pump Water from Fish Factories Through Electrocoagulation using Response Surface Methodology

Aguilar-Ascón Edwar, Neyra-Ascón Walter, Albrecht-Ruiz Miguel, Ibarra-Basurto Alonso

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 22, nr 6

269--277

EN

This study aims to optimize the removal of total suspended solids (TSS) in pump water from fish flour factories through electrocoagulation technology and to determine the effects of the main operation parameters. Pump water has high conductivity (40.1 mS), due to the presence of dissolved salts and contains high concentration of organic substances (12,360 mg/L of TSS and 520 mg/L of fats). In this study, pump water was treated in an electrocoagulation reactor with aluminum electrodes using Response Surface Methodology with a 3k factorial design based on two factors, current intensity (I) of 8-13 A and treatment time (t) of 20-40 minutes. The percentage of TSS removed from the water was used as the response variable. The results revealed that I and t significantly (p < 0.05) influenced the process. In accordance, the optimal operational parameters for TSS removal were I = 13 A and t = 30 minutes. Using these conditions, TSS removal efficiency of 99.9% was achieved. The sewage sludge generated with these optimal process conditions indicated 19.3% of ash content, 6.2% of salt, 1.7% of aluminum, 0.3% of iron, 0.4% of potassium, 256 ppm of zinc, and 2.1% of phosphorus. Hence, the results of this study affirm that electrocoagulation can be considered as a solution for marine pollution caused by fishing industries.

14

Improving the Quality of Anaerobically-Pretreated Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Electrocoagulation

Sailah Illah, Reyhanto Fathan, Puspaningrum Tyara, Romli Muhammad, Suprihatin Suprihatin, Indrasti Nastiti Siswi

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 22, nr 1

112--124

EN

The palm oil extraction process generates large amounts of effluents with very high concentrations of pollutants, even though they are subjected to anaerobic pretreatment. Further treatment is needed in order to ensure that the effluent is safe for disposal or reuse. This work was conducted to evaluate the performance of an electrocoagulation process in removing pollutants from the anaerobically-pretreated palm oil mill effluent. A 1000 ml beaker glass equipped with a magnetic stirrer was used as an electrocoagulation reactor with four plates of aluminum electrode @ 12×2 cm and an effective area of 0.1 m2 arranged in a bipolar configuration. The experiments run in a batch mode were carried out at various voltage levels and contact times, namely 10, 15, and 20 V for 15, 30, 45 and 60 min. The level of pollutant removal and electrical energy consumption were determined. The electrocoagulation process at 15 V for 30 min produced the highest level of pollutant removal for TSS, turbidity, color, COD, and BOD5, i.e. 90%, 86%, 93%, 87%, and 97%, respectively. The estimated operating costs for these process conditions are 1.48 USD/m3. A second order empirical model was developed to describe the TSS removal in the POME electrocoagulation process. The electrocoagulation with aluminum electrodes can significantly reduce various types of pollutants of anaerobically-pretreated POME, such as TSS, turbidity, color, COD, and BOD5. The estimated cost of EC operation is cheaper than the chemical coagulation process.

15

Removal of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Domestic Wastewater by Electrocoagulation: Application of Multilevel Factorial Design

Aguilar-Ascon Edwar

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 21, nr 7

124--133

EN

The main objective of this investigation was to evaluate the efficiency of electrocoagulation in eliminating nitrogen and phosphorous from domestic wastewater and to determine the main operating parameters affecting the process. Accordingly, an acrylic reactor and aluminum (cathode) and iron (anode) electrodes were used. The tests were performed based on a multilevel factorial experimental design, considering current intensity, treatment time, and pH as factors. The design response variables were the percentage of nitrogen and phosphorous removal. In the case of phosphorus, the removal rates of up to 99% were reached after 40 minutes of treatment with current intensities of 3 amps and at a modified pH of 6. The nitrogen removal was up to 27% with a treatment time of 40 minutes, 3 amps, and a pH of 6. A statistical analysis revealed that pH did not have a significant effect on the nitrogen removal process, whereas in the phosphorus removal, the three factors influenced the process at a confidence level of 0.05. The results indicate that the electrocoagulation process in this type of water is very efficient in the removal of phosphorus, whereas for nitrogen, the efficiency decreases noticeably. However, electrocoagulation has an advantage over other conventional treatment technologies, because it does not require additional treatment units to remove phosphorus.

16

Treatment and utilization of the concentrate from membrane separation processes of landfill leachates

Nowak Rafał, Włodarczyk-Makuła Maria

Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports

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2020

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Vol. 30, no. 2

92--104

EN

The purpose of the paper was to assess the effectiveness of selected physico-chemical processes to improve the quality of retentates/concentrates obtained during the treatment of landfill leachates using membrane separation. Among the physico-chemical methods, Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP) and electrocoagulation were analysed. Landfill leachate resulting from the infiltration of waste mass by atmospheric precipitation as well as the dissolution and leaching of waste components are most often subjected to membrane separation. Permeate is usually discharged to the receiver, while the concentrate is recirculated and sprinkled on a waste pile. However, such action is only the retention of impurities in the body of the landfill and has an impact on the chemistry of raw leachates. Due to the very high concentrations of organic and inorganic compounds identified in the retentate, it is necessary to treat it, which will effectively reduce the amount of impurities in the leachate. Economic use seems to be another solution. An example would be growing energy crops but such application requires additional research.

17

Removal of Escherichia coli from Domestic Wastewater Using Electrocoagulation

Aguilar-Ascon Edwar

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2019

|

Vol. 20, nr 5

42--51

EN

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of electrocoagulation in the removal of Escherichia coli from domestic and urban wastewaters and to determine the effects of the main operational parameters on the process. An electrocoagulation reactor with aluminum and iron electrodes was built for this purpose. A factorial design was applied, where amperage, treatment time, and pH were considered as the factors and E. coli percent removal was the response variable. After 20 min of treatment, >97% removal efficiency was achieved. The highest E. coli removal efficiency achieved was 99.9% at a neutral pH of 7, amperage of 3 A, and treatment time of 60 min. However, the removal efficiency of close to 99% was also achieved at natural wastewater pH of 8.5. The statistical analyses showed that the three tested factors significantly affected the E. coli removal percentage (p < 0.05). These results indicate that electrocoagulation has a high disinfection power in a primary reactor in removing water contaminants as well as simultaneously removing pathogenic microorganisms when compared to biological treatment processes. This represents an additional benefit, because it will considerably reduce the use of chlorine during the final disinfection stage.

18

Reduction of Total Chromium Levels from Raw Tannery Wastewater via Electrocoagulation using Response Surface Methodology

Aguilar-Ascón Edwar, Marrufo-Saldaña Liliana, Neyra-Ascón Walter

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 20, nr 11

217--224

EN

This study focused on reducing total chromium levels in raw wastewater from the leather tanning industry via electrocoagulation to comply with maximum permissible limits (MPL) and to determine the effects of main process parameters. An electrocoagulation reactor was built using aluminum electrodes as an anode and cathode. Then, the response surface methodology was applied using a 3k factorial design considering three factors, namely current intensity, treatment time, and pH. The total chromium removal percentage was considered as a response variable. 99% of the total chromium found in wastewater could be removed after 14-min treatment at 2-A current intensity and pH 5.5. Similar amount of chromium was removed at pH of 8.5 and 7. Statistical analysis performed at a confidence level of p < 0.05 revealed that all three factors influenced electrocoagulation. Total chromium could be efficiently removed from raw wastewater at a current intensity of 2.9 A, a pH of 8.4, and a treatment time of 21 min, suggesting that electrocoagulation using aluminum electrodes is an efficient method for total chromium removal. Thus, this process must be considered as a solution to the problems caused by the leather tanning industry and for better compliance with the MPL established in the Peruvian environmental standards.

19

Optimization of Copper Removal by Photovoltaic Electrocoagulation from Aqueous Solution Using Response Surface Methodology Towards Sustainable Development

Thanh Hoa Nguyen, Nguyen Lien, Lan Phuong Dinh Thi

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 20, nr 7

103--111

EN

This research aims at illustrating the optimal functions of removing copper ions in aqueous solution by means of the electrocoagulation process in which portable solar power generators are used as renewable energy. A solar photovoltaic cell (PV), producing approximately 48A current intensity for 4-7 h per day, was sufficient to charge the lithium batteries completely during the day. This system was connected directly to the electrocoagulation tank. The Box-Behnken design (BBD) was applied to evaluate three effects of process factors: current density, the dose of electrolyte (NaCl), and application time. The results showed that an optimal efficiency of 99.01% Cu removal plus an energy savings of 1.039 kWh/m3 were obtained at a current density of 4 A/m2, the dosage of NaCl (electrolyte) of 1.87 g/L, and electrolysis time of 10 min. The chemical components of the sludge produced under these optimized conditions were determined by means of EDX. It was illustrated that the copper ions were the main elements of sludge, and nonhazardous compounds were contained. The PV-lithium battery system is considered to be an efficient alternative energy source toward sustainable development.

20

Economic Valuation and Effectiveness of Utilizing Electrocoagulation System in Reducing Chemical Oxygen Demand of Textile Industry Wastewater

Fikri Elanda, Sintawati Nita, Ruhmawati Tati

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 20, nr 8

35--43

EN

Industrial activities vary greatly. The textile industry processes produce solid and liquid waste. The liquid waste comes from the process of reviewing threads, removing lubricants from synthetic fibers before weaving, and from the dyeing process. The purpose of this research is to determine the economic valuation and effectiveness of utilizing an electrocoagulation system in reducing Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of the textile industry wastewater. This research is a kind of an experimental study involving the pretest and posttest without control design. The research strategy consisted in 9 volt voltage and 5A electric current density with a 3 cm electrode plate distance. The container used in electrocoagulation process was made of plastic with the dimensions of 48.5×27.5×31 cm. The sampling technique was grab sampling with 3 treatments and 6 repetitions. The sample size was 45 liters. The results of this research indicate that the electrocoagulation method can reduce the level of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) in the textile production wastewater. The COD level before treatment was 221.5 mg/l, after electrocoagulation with 8 electrode plates dropped to 23.0–41.0 mg/l (85.26% decrease). The economic effectiveness and efficiency of the use of electrocoagulation compared to using conventional method in reducing COD level is only Rp 47.59/liter, while the conventional method reaches Rp 117.089/liter.