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Assessment of the antibacterial activity of chestnut (Castanea sativa) and cloves (Syzygium aromaticum) herbal extracts as an alternative to antibiotics use during post-hatching period of chicks

Kędzia Rafał, Lis Marcin W.

Science, Technology and Innovation

2020

Vol. 11, no. 4

48--54

Bacterial infections of newly hatched chicks are the most common cause of their death in the initial period of rearing. These infections are always treated with antibiotics. The aim of the study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of herbal extracts of chestnut (Castanea sativa) and clove (Syzygium aromaticum) against bacterial infections i.e. Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonice in comparison to antibiotics. The results of the microbiological analyses showed that the Castanea sativa and Syzygium aromaticum extracts had a slighter antibacterial activity in comparison to antibiotics. The diameter of zone inhibition of the culture’s growth of gram-negative bacteria (i.e. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae) and gram-positive bacteria (i.e. Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis) was 6–13 mm for these extracts in comparison to 15–30 mm for antibiotics. However, some bacterial strains presented full resistance to the selected antibiotics, e.g., wild strains of Enterobacteriaceae to amoxicillin or Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis to florfenicol, colistin, and doxycycline. In the second experiment, the effect of the herbal extract mixture added into drinking water on the growth and mortality of chicken broiler during the first rearing week was investigated. There was found that the use of herbal extracts improved the chickens’ body weight (157.4 g; P ≤ 0.008) and decreased mortality rate (2.4%) compared to the control group (144.1 g and 3.9%, respectively) but not to the group treated with antibiotic (161.5 and 0.6% respectively; P ≤ 0.009). In summary, the use of herbal extracts as a nutritional supplement for poultry seems to have a positive effect on weight gain of young birds, and to some extent reduce mortality in the first week of rearing.

Właściwości antyoksydacyjne ziół zbadane rożnymi metodami

Piszcz P., Głód B. K.

Camera Separatoria

2016

Vol. 8, No. 1

23--31

Celem pracy było oszacowanie wartości całkowitego potencjału antyoksydacyjnego (CPA) wodnych ekstraktów ziół za pomocą różnych technik analitycznych. W metodzie odniesionej do rodników hydroksylowych rodniki te były generowane w reakcji Fentona. Produkt ich reakcji z kwasem p-hydroksybenzoesowym oznaczany był za pomocą HPLC/UV. Drugim celem było zbadanie możliwości oszacowania wartości CPA ekstraktów za pomocą HPLC z detekcją elektrochemiczną (ED). W tym przypadku oczekuje się, że próg wykrywalności metody będzie znacznie niższy od metod elektrochemicznych. W stosunku do metod opartych na generacji różnych rodników (w tym do opisanych w literaturze chromatograficznej) jej zaletą było możliwość odniesienia CPA do antyoksydantów różnej mocy poprzez zmianę potencjału elektrody pracującej. Wyniki skorelowane zostały z wartościami CPA odniesionymi do rod nika DPPH oraz całkowitą zawartością polifenoli w próbce.

The aim of the paper was the estimation of total antioxidant potential (TAP) of aqueous extracts of herbs using various analytical assays. In the assay related to the hydroxyl radicals they were generated by Fenton's reaction. The product of their reaction with p-hydroxybenzoic acid was determined using HPLC/UV. The second aim was to investigate the possibility to estimate of TAP values of extracts by HPLC with the electrochemical detection (ED). In this case, it is expected much lower detection limit than that observed in the classical electrochemical methods. In comparison to the methods based on the generation of various radicals (including these described in the chromatographic literature) the advantage of the described assay was its ability to relate TAP to various antioxidants by changing the potential of the working electrode. The results were correlated with the TAPs values related to the DPPH radicals as well as to the total polyphenols content in the sample.