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Study on the ecological succession of microbial communities during hot composting of livestock manure

Zhen Xiaofei, Song Ti, Liu Jia, Luo Miao, Li Shange

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

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2023

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Vol. 30, nr 1

79--89

EN

There have been various environmental issues in the treatment and resource utilisation of solid waste of livestock and poultry industry in Gansu Province. Thus, in this study, manure of cattle, pig, and chicken from farms near the Lanzhou University of Technology in Lanzhou City, Gansu Province were selected as raw materials for composting using 10 % corn stalk as a leavening agent for aerobic static composting. This study focused on bacterial, fungal, and actinomycetes community succession during livestock manure composting and the underlying microbial degradation mechanism. The results demonstrated that during livestock manure composting, the number of the above-mentioned types of microbes was all positively correlated with the temperature of the compost piles. In the initial stage of composting, the number of microbes increased as the temperature increased, and reached the peaks at the highest temperature, after which, their numbers decreased with the decrease in temperature. At the end of composting, in the cattle, pig, and chicken manure compost piles, the number of bacteria were respectively (3.1 ±1.0) · 109 CFU·g–1 d.w., (4.4 ±1.0) · 109 CFU·g–1 d.w. and (6.7 ±1.8) · 109 CFU·g–1 d.w., respectively, those of fungi were (8.6 ±1.2) · 104 CFU·g–1 d.w., (7.2 ±1.6) · 104 CFU·g–1 d.w. and (8.0 ±2.8) · 104 CFU·g–1 d.w., respectively, while those of actinomycetes were (8.8 ±2.2) · 106 CFU·g–1 d.w., (9.5 ±2.1) · 106 CFU·g–1 d.w. and (6.32 ±0.98) · 106 CFU·g–1 d.w., respectively.

2

The Influence of Geotextiles Stabilizing the Soil on Vegetation of Post-Excavation Slopes and Drainage Ditches

Kobiela-Mendrek Katarzyna, Salachna Anna, Chmura Damian, Klama Henryk, Broda Jan

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 20, nr 1

125--131

EN

The paper presents preliminary results of the studies concerning influence of geotextiles stabilizing the soil on vegetation of post-excavation slopes and drainage ditches. Analyzed anthropogenic habitats are situated in Międzyrzecze and Nieboczowy (Silesian Province, Southhern Poland). They have been previously subjected to reclamation treatment, consisting in installation of wool and synthetic geotextiles in the ground. The studies on plant community were conducted according to commonly applied Braun-Blanquet approach. Recorded phytocenosis were classified into Molinio-Arrhenatheretea R. Tx.1937 and Stellarietea mediae R. Tx., Lohm. et Prsg.1950 class. For comparison of plant patches growing on two variants of geotextiles Hierarchical Cluster Analysis was used. Moreover, the number of species (S), Shannon-Wiener index (H), evenness index (J) and average heights of herbal layer were calculated. It has been shown, that the type of geotextiles has a slight influence on the variability of investigated plant patches. However, relatively high differences in total coverage and mean height of herbal layer between plots protected and unprotected were observed. It shows that the geotextiles support the process of natural ecological succession on habitats with high inclination, mainly through water retention and reduction of erosion.

3

"Piękno nieoczywiste". Rola miejskich nieużytków w kształtowaniu nowej kategorii parków miejskich

Jakubowski K.

Przestrzeń i Forma

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2015

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nr 24/2

145--162

PL

Poszukiwanie nowej formy przestrzennej i estetycznej terenów silnie przekształconych, nieużytków urbanistycznych i zieleni nieurządzonej uwzględnia ich współczesną funkcję społeczną i środowiskową, w tym zachodzące spontanicznie procesy przyrodnicze. W wielu europejskich miastach dąży się do ochrony niezagospodarowanych przestrzeni oraz ich udostępnienia społecznościom miejskim w granicach nienaruszających uwarunkowań środowiska. Postulat zachowania naturalnego charakteru terenów niezorganizowanych znajduje nowe uzasadnienie w obrębie nowo powstających parków i osiedli.

EN

The quest for spatial and aesthetic form for strongly transformed areas, urban wastelands and non-arranged green areas accounts for their modern social and environmental function, including spontaneous natural processes. Many European cities aim at protecting undeveloped space and rendering it available to urban communities without compromising natural conditions. Newly created parks and residential estates are places where the idea to preserve natural character of unorganised areas can become reality.

4

Short-term study on the early succession stages of fouling communities in the coastal zone of Puck Bay (southern Baltic Sea)

Dziubińska A., Szaniawska A.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2010

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Vol. 39, No.4

3-16

EN

The aim of this study was to distinguish the early succession stages of the fouling community in Puck Bay at depths of 3-7 m, to evaluate its biodiversity and to find the point at which the biodiversity of the assemblages achieved similarity. The depth at the study site was 8 m. The investigation lasted from 24 July to 22 September 2008 (61 days) when the colonisation and succession process of fouling communities is most intensive. During this period five sets of samples were collected. The investigations were focused on sessile organisms that established themselves on 105 PVC settlement panels (15 × 15 cm, 0.2 cm thick), 21 panels being deployed at each of five depths - 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 m. A total of twelve sessile taxa and eight mobile (accompanying) taxa were identified over the course of the experiment. The panels became overgrown with fouling organisms in a characteristic manner - a layer of barnacles became covered with a layer of mussels. This type of community development created a double-layered structure (multi-strata growth). Assemblages reached a thickness of 2 cm as a result of the stratified fouling process. The species diversity was highest on 12 August (the first sampling day) at 7 m depth. Biodiversity differences during the study indicated that communities from all examined depths in Puck Bay became similar after a two-month colonisation period. By the end of the study Balanus improvisus and Mytilus trossulus were dominant in the communities at all depths.

5

Akumulacja materii organicznej, węgla i azotu w procesie sukcesji inicjalnej gleby na nierekultywowanych fragmentach wyrobiska po kopalni piasku

Pietrzykowski M., Krzaklewski W.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Inżynieria Środowiska / Uniwersytet Zielonogórski

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2004

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nr 131(12)

307-317

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań nad kumulacją materii organicznej, węgla i azotu oraz wybranymi właściwościami próchnicy inicjalnych gleb tworzących się pod zbiorowiskami z sukcesji na nierekultywowanych fragmentach wyrobiska po kopalni piasku. Stwierdzono przyrost miąższości inicjalnego poziomu akumulacji próchnicy (Ai) oraz kumulację materii organicznej, węgla i azotu w czasie. Nastąpił wzrost procentowego udziału węgla związanego z grupą kwasów huminowych i fulwowych w stosunku do pozostałego węgla w materii organicznej. Wykazano progresywny przebieg procesu rozwoju gleb pod zbiorowiskami z sukcesji.

EN

The results of research on organic matter, Carbon and Nitrogen accumulation and on selected properties of initial humus in soils building up under communities resulting from succession on an area of a sandpit works were presented. A growth of thickness in the initial humus accumulation horizon (Ai) and an accumulation of organic matter, Carbon and Nitrogen over time was found. A growth of percentage content of Carbon related to a group of humic and fulvic acids in soils was established in the post-extraction humus compared to remaining Carbon. The data indicates a progressive course of the soil development process under communities from succession on sandpit works.