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Links between Land Use Change, Land Surface Temperature and Partridge Distribution – An Analysis of Environmental Factors

El Fallah Kamal, Ouhakki Hicham, Adiba Atman, El Kharrim Khadija, Belghyti Driss

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2024

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Vol. 25, iss. 1

260--275

EN

The purpose of this research was to investigate the intricate connections among land use change, land surface temperature, and the distribution of partridges (Alectoris barbara), employing a comprehensive analysis of various environmental factors. Indeed, a variety of geospatial techniques have been used to analyze the spatio-temporal trends in temperature as a function of different classes of vegetation cover, and the geographic distribution of ecological niches for this species in Meknes province was modeled using Maxent 3.2 (Maximum Entropy) software. The study spanned a 22-year timeframe, from 2000 to 2021, during which alterations in each land use category were identified through the utilization of various sensors, incorporating Landsat 7 ETM+ and Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS in the analysis. The results induced a significant change in the land surface temperature (LST) with a range of 15.85–36.20°C, 12.76–38.24°C and 25.73–47.79°C for the years 2000, 2010 and 2020, respectively. However, this change was negatively correlated with the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). This decline in vegetation, in turn, manifests as a significant factor contributing to the diminution of partridge distribution. By empirically establishing these connections, the research not only underscores the impact of temperature-induced vegetation changes on partridge habitat but also enhances comprehension of the intricate ecological dynamics governing species distribution in the context of evolving land use patterns.

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The soil aggregate structure as a marker of the ecological niche of the micromollusc Vallonia pulchel

Umerova Ava, Zhukov Olexander, Yorkina Nadezhda

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2022

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no. 52

66--74

EN

The article discusses the role of the soil aggregate structure in quantifying the marginality and specialisation axes of the ecological niche of the micromollusc Vallonia pulchella (Muller 1774) that inhabits technosols. The experimental polygon consisted of 105 samples located within 7 transects (15 samples each). The distance between rows of sampling points was 3 m. The average density of V. pulchella was 1393 ind.∙m-2. The soil aggregate fraction of 1–5 mm was found to be predominant within the technosol. The spatial variation of aggregate fractions was characterised by a moderate level of the spatial dependence. It was impossible to choose an adequate covariance model from among the traditional ones to interpolate the spatial variation of aggregate fractions, and only the Matérn model was best suited. The axis of marginality and specialisation of the V. pulchella ecological niche projected in soil aggregate fractions was significantly different from a random alternative. The ecological niche of the V. pulchella was presented by integral variables, such as the axis of marginality and specialisation, which were the basis to build a map of the spatial variation of the habitat suitability index. The marginality of the V. pulchella ecological niche correlates with soil penetration resistance indicators at depths ranging from 0–5 to 20–25 cm, soil humidity, acidity, and aeration. The specialisation correlates with the soil mechanical impedance at 25–35 cm, nitrogen content, and the soil acidity regime.

3

Simulation of Favorable Habitats for Non-Gregarious Locust Pests in North Kazakhstan Based on Satellite Data for Preventive Measures

Baibussenov Kurmet, Bekbayeva Aigul, Azhbenov Valery

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 7

299--311

EN

The paper considers the approaches and possibilities of using two types of simulation: the species distribution model and the ecological niche model. The study aimed to simulate favorable habitats and the potential spread of non-gregarious locust pests in North Kazakhstan based on satellite and ground data for preventive measures. The MaxEnt software was used to conduct the simulation. According to the species distribution model, high indicators of the habitat are predicted in the Pavlodar and Kostanay regions, on 69.9–100% of the studied territory. With the simulation of ecological niches for non-gregarious locust pests, the following class boundaries were determined for the transition from quantitative to qualitative indicators from I (85–100%) to IV (0–50%), which indicates the zones of the probability of pest attack from a higher indicator to a lower one. According to the fundamental model, high indicators of the area of pest occurrence, that is, zones I and II, are located in the central and northern parts of the Pavlodar region. Here, the probability of non-gregarious locust occurrence of zone I and II with a ratio of 1:1 is observed in a slightly arid, moderately warm agro-climatic zone. In the southern part of the Kostanay region, the simulation predicts the probability of occurrence on zones I and II with a ratio of 1:2 in the moderately arid warm agro-climatic zone of this region. In the southern and southeastern parts of the Akmola region, the model predicts the probability of occurrence in zones I and II with a ratio of 1:3 in a slightly humid, moderately warm agro-climatic zone of the region. The considered species distribution model can be used as a modern tool for long-term forecasting of the spread of non-gregarious locust pests since it takes into account the peculiarities of the agricultural landscape. The fundamental niche model can be used in a long-term population forecast since it focuses more on the theoretical conditions of pest habitats.

4

Dominant species drive seasonal dynamics of the fish community in the Min estuary, China

Li Jun, Kang Bin

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2020

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Vol. 49, No. 1

34--48

EN

Fishery resources are currently facing multiple stresses such as overfishing, pollution and climate change. Looking into processes and mechanisms of the dynamic fish community through detailed quantitative analyses contributes to effective conservation and management of fishery resources. The Min estuary plays an important role in maintaining fisheries in southeastern coastal China, therefore the fish community in the brackish area was investigated and analyzed in this study. A total of 127 species belonging to 91 genera, 49 families and 14 orders were sampled in 2015. Eight indices reflecting four aspects of fish communities were determined, i.e. species richness, species evenness, heterogeneity and taxonomy. Differences between the indices were nonsignificant, suggesting that the use of a single diversity descriptor could not provide a full explanation. Nine dominant species in the Min estuary showed seasonal turnover by rational use of resources and co-occurring species showed correspondingly adequate habitat preferences and feeding habits to avoid competition. The species Harpadon nehereus occurred as the dominant species in three seasons except spring. High values of niche overlap among common or rare species and lower values of niche overlap among all dominant species effectively brought the diversity of the fish community into a state of equilibrium.

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Competition and Seasonal Co-Existence of Coprophagous Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera) in Differently Managed Habitat Patches of Sub-Mediterranean Grasslands in Slovenia

Jugovic Jure, Koren Toni, Koprivnikar Nataša

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2019

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Vol. 67, nr 3

247--263

EN

We studied species composition and seasonal co-existence of coprophagous Scarabaeoidea from two study sites in karst meadows in sub-Mediterranean Slovenia. Each site consisted of three habitat patches with different impact of grazing (S1, the active part of the pasture; S2, the overgrown part of the pasture, mainly spiny shrubs; S3, a meadow with some overgrown patches of shrubs outside the fenced pasture). Four pitfall trapping events per month were conducted from March until November to test for temporal, spatial and habitat-related segregation of species. Primary results show a high level of temporal segregation of species within and between the guilds (Aphodiidae – dwellers, Geotrupidae – tunnelers, Scarabaeidae – tunnelers, Scarabaeidae – rollers). Temporal segregation of monthly samples was evident between Aphodiidae – dwellers (most active at the beginning and end of the season, with a month of complete inactivity during hot summer) and Scarabaeidae – tunnelers (present all the time, but with least species and specimens at the beginning and end of season). Intra-guild competition was most prominent for Aphodiidae – dwellers and Geotrupidae – tunnelers, where species show high rate of temporal avoidance to minimize interspecies competition for the same food source. Finally, geographical (site-related) and habitat-related (S1, S2, S3) differences were found in species composition, species richness and abundance, however for the latter two parameters only at habitat level (more species at S1, but higher abundances at S2 and S3). The results imply that the pronounced temporal and spatial segregation facilitate higher biodiversity in space and time, and allow more species to co-exist at the same sites over time.

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Nisza ekologiczna w ocenie sytuacji geotechnicznej obiektu budowlanego

Jeż J., Jeż T.

Warstwy, Dachy i Ściany

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2007

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nr 3

76-78

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Bank voles and yellow-necked mice : what are interrelations between them?

Grüm L., Bujalska G.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2000

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Vol. 48, Suppl.

141-145

EN

Literature survey has revealed similarity of ecological niches of bank voles and yellow-necked mice. Behavioral observations that show subordination of bank voles to yellov-necked mice suggest that the latter is a superior competitor. Nevertheless, neither spatial nor time separation of those species can be evidenced. Competition between these species seems to be occasional (or rare). Perhaps, their microhabitat niches are sufficiently separated to allow coexistence.