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2 2024

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Firms’ innovation activities as an adaptive attribute of firms’ resilience to economic shocks: evidence from Polish NUTS-2 regions

Zygmunt Aleksandra

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

2024

z. 198

697--711

Purpose: The aim of this article is to examine how Polish regions at the NUTS-2 level differ in terms of firms’ innovation activities as an adaptive attribute of firms’ resilience to economic shocks. Design/methodology/approach: The research applied a comparative analysis, zero unitarization method and a multivariate analysis. These methods made it possible to divide Polish NUTS-2 regions into four groups according to the level of variables related to firms’ innovation activities. For the research, data from Local Bank Data, Statistics Poland, were used with special attention to data on firms’ internal potential for innovation processes. The study covers the period from 2018 to 2022 when Polish firms were operating under severe conditions. Findings: The results show that despite the economic shocks that occurred during the period analysed, the highest diversity among Polish NUTS-2 regions in the variables considered can be found almost between the very same regions. The results also highlight that the majority of Polish NUTS-2 regions, despite the severe conditions, have a very high, high or average level of variables related to innovation activities of firms. Research limitations/implications: This study has paid particular attention to the variables related to firms’ innovation activities in the context of firms’ internal potential for innovation processes, such as: firms’ own funds for innovation activities, internal R&D expenditures in the business sector, internal R&D personnel in the business sector, patent applications of firms filed at the Patent Office of the Republic of Poland. In order to better understand the relationship between firms’ innovativeness and firms’ resilience, future research could consider other drivers of firms’ innovation activities. There is also a need to look more closely at how firms’ and regional competitiveness interact to make firms more resilient. Practical implications: The findings point to the need to further improve the innovation potential of firms in order to make them more resilient to economic shocks. The research also suggests that public institutions should continue to create conditions that encourage firms to innovate. Originality/value: This article contributes to the existing discussion on firms’ innovation activities and firms’ resilience. In this respect, the research provides evidence on the differences between Polish regions at the NUTS-2 level differ in terms of firms’ innovation activities as the adaptive attribute of firms’ resilience to economic shocks.

Expenditures on innovation activities of firms in Poland at the nuts-2 level (covid and post-covid perspectives)

Zygmunt Aleksandra

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

2024

z. 195

685--698

Purpose: This research aims to identify how expenditures on firms’ innovation activities in Poland differ at the NUTS-2 level (with a focus on the covid and post-covid perspectives). Design/methodology/approach: This study adopts the following methods: comparative analysis, zero unitarization method and multivariate analysis. The research draws on data from Local Bank Data, Statistics Poland, related to expenditures on firms’ innovation activities in the period 2018−2022. Findings: The results reveal that, despite of the occurrence of conditions of high constraints caused by the covid pandemic, the highest diversity in expenditures on innovation is observed between almost the very same Polish NUTS-2 regions in 2018-2022. The results also indicate that the covid pandemic noticeably encourages Polish firms, especially from the service sector, to increase expenditures on innovation processes. Research limitations/implications: This study has some limitations. As the focus of the research is on total firms’ innovation expenditures and firms’ own resources for innovation, it would be useful to see whether the results are similar for other variables describing expenditures on firms’ innovation activities. It would also be worth investigating the reasons for maintaining the highest diversity between Polish NUTS 2 regions in terms of expenditure on firms’ innovation processes, which can be observed almost between the same regions despite the conditions of severe constraints due to the covid pandemic. Practical implications: The results suggest a further strengthening of the pro-innovation attitude of Polish industrial and service firms. The research also highlights the need for policy makers to further strengthen the conditions for fostering innovation processes of firms. Originality/value: This research contributes to the ongoing discussion on the drivers and sources of firms’ innovation activities through the identification of the differences between the NUTS-2 regions in Poland in terms of expenditures on innovation activities in the covid and post-covid perspectives. The study also reveals more about the innovation processes of Polish firms under severe conditions.