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Prediction of cavitation inside mini-sac Diesel injector nozzle using computational fluid dynamics

Bansode Vaibhav, Verma Munna, Pandhare Amar, Shinde Sandip

Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering

2022

Vol. 6, No 1

7--12

The performance of the internal flow of the fuel injector is impeded by several factors. The nozzle is one of the factors, being typically about a millimeter long and a fraction of a millimeter in diameter. Cavitation inside the diesel injector nozzle is associated with local pressure distribution. At flow areas with sharp corners, the pressure may locally drop below vapour pressure. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of turbulence and cavitation models on the prediction of flow in diesel injection nozzle. In the present study, an analysis of an existing 6 hole mini-sac diesel injector nozzle is carried out using a CFD package. The main objective of the research is to design a nozzle to avoid cavitation and to find out the contribution of different parameters through parametric study. Cavitation is a complex phenomenon whose appearance depends on the physical as well as flow properties of the flowing substance. Thus, for a better visualization of cavitation, a 3D CFD simulation of mini-sac injector nozzle is carried out. An analysis of a single nozzle hole of a mini-sac diesel injector nozzle is considered for the analysis, as the flow is uniformly distributed through each nozzle. As the three-dimensional geometry of mini-sac nozzle is complicated, therefore tet/hybrid element with T-Grid meshing scheme is used, for good surface meshing. The analysis is carried out at injection pressure of 5 00 bar. The CFDresults are validated against test data with the maximum deviation for the mass flow rate of 8.67% at full needle lift.

A review on the vortex tube geometrical affecting parameters

Abdulhussain Mustafa

Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering

2020

Vol. 4, No 1

69--88

One of the increased usability energy separation devices that deals with compressed fluids such as the air, the water, and several Refrigerants are the Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube due to its simple operating principle to separate the compressed fluid to two hot and cold streams. The aim of the current paper is to review the Ranque-Hilsch tube flow separation most affecting geometrical parameters influencing the thermal separation efficiency in the literature that are conducted numerically and experimentally such as the number of injection nozzles and their cross-sectional shape including the rectangular and the trapezoidal for straight constant and converged nozzle profiles as well as the helical swept nozzle configurations like the nozzles aspect and the convergence ratios, the variation of the helical profile pitch angle with the increase in the nozzles number is also considered in the survey, further geometrical parameters survey is performed that includes the vortex tube orifice size to the nozzle’s length dimensional ratio and also the vortex tube configuration like the divergent and the convergent/divergent vortex tube shapes characteristics that includes the divergent angle and the throttling zone size in addition to the vortex tube length to the hot exit port size ratio and the optimum conical valve shape position and tapering angle.