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2 Journal of Ecological Engineering

2 2022

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The Performance of Treatment Train System Incorporated with Nature-Based Materials in Capturing Nutrient for Stormwater Runoff

Ali Wafaa, Takaijudin Husna, Kutty S. R. M., Massoudieh Arash

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2022

Vol. 23, nr 5

92--101

Biofilters, commonly called rain gardens, are becoming increasingly popular among best-management practices (BMPs). They have recently sparked significant interest due to their ability to control stormwater quality. These systems face challenges in manipulating dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus species. This study reports the results of the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus in two modified bioretention systems. The performance of modified bioretention with coconut and durian was compared. The modified bioretention system was evaluated as a single and a series. Sequencing these systems in a series maintained the continuity of nutrient removal. Both series efficiently removed NH3-N (97% in TC5, 95% in TD5), while the removal of NO3-N was moderate (65% inTC5, 67% in TD5). Good removal efficiencies of TP were observed in two series (84% in TC5, 81% in TD5). However, the PO4 removal was equalized in all series (98%). The TN and ON removal were poor and fluctuated with time and column number in TC5, the overall removal efficiencies were (69% and 43%), respectively, while in TD5 a significant fraction of TN and ON were removed (86% and 78%), respectively. As compared with coconut husk, durian peel is considered a promising material that can enhance the water quality in bioretention systems.

Preliminary Investigation of Bioplastics from Durian Seed Starch Recovery Using PEG 400 for Reducing Marine Debris

Apriani Mirna, Cahyono Luqman, Utomo Agung Prasetyo, Nugraha Anggara Trisna, Alfira Dwi Cahya Ningrum

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2022

Vol. 23, nr 2

12--17

Plastic is a source of pollution both on land and sea that can disrupt balance of the ecosystem. The characteristic of plastic as a material is difficult to decompose causing problems for environment. Various research needed to produce bioplastics that easily biodegradable in about 60 days. Biodegradable plastics are made from organic materials in the form of starch. Durian seed starch is one of the potential raw materials that can be used as bioplastics. Durian fruit is one of the typical fruits in Indonesia, at present seeds of durian had not been used as raw materials to produce object with economic values. It is necessary to combine the processing of durian seeds through a recovery approach in the form of processing into bioplastics. The aim of study is to analyze the effect of adding PEG 400 as a plasticizer plus calcium carbonate as a solidifier. Tests were carried out on swelling ability, acid and base resistance, tensile strength and biodegradation. The variation of the addition of PEG 400 is 4%; 30%; 50% and 70% were carried out to analyze the effect of different concentrations of plasticizers. None of the tensile test results met SNI 7188-11:2018 but all variations had biodegradation values according to SNI 7188-11:2018. Swelling test resulted from 4% and 30% are 1.2% and 2.1% respectively.