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1

Influence of the heterogeneity of a dump soil on the assessment of its selected properties

Olesiak Sebastian

Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica

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2020

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Vol. 42, nr 3

263--275

EN

This article concerns the assessment of selected physical and mechanical properties of a dump soil. The dump soil is a specific soil with a very heterogeneous internal structure. Next to each other, there may be lumps and crumbs of cohesive soils mixed with non-cohesive soils accompanied by a very diverse admixture of organic substance. In addition, the soil in the waste dump, in spatial terms, may significantly differ in consistency and density. This is the result of the process of forming a dump soil, which takes place in three stages: excavation, transport and dumping. A heterogeneous soil deposited within the waste dump is subject to further processes: consolidation, compaction and creeping. Changes occurring in the course of these processes have a significant impact on the development of the properties of the dump soil. Due to the large diversity of the tested soils, the results of their properties were divided into two groups, based on type and consistency of soil. This allows us to estimate the selected properties of the dump soil only on the basis of their macroscopic analysis.

2

Collapse settlement of dump soils revealed by studies on soil samples of modelled lithology and lump-size distribution

Woźniak H.

Geological Quarterly

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2015

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Vol. 59, No. 2

391--399

EN

The paper deals with the collapse settlement of dump soils i.e., made grounds composed of the overburden soils of mineral deposits, which were worked out with the open-pit method, transported and deposited as a dumped fill. The principal aim of the studies was the analysis of factors controlling the collapse settlement process, mostly the structural model of dump soil and external determinants: initial compaction, initial water content and history of its changes in time as well as the history of loading of studied soil before saturation. In order to reflect the natural structure of dump soils, experiments were carried out on samples of specially modelled lithology and structure. Hence, the samples represented three basic structural models of such soils: non-cohesive, cohesive and transitional, partly cohesive/partly non-cohesive. Attention was paid to diversified dynamics of collapse settlement, which results from two clearly different processes: rebuilding of soil structure and additional consolidation settlement. It was found that from the physical point of view the collapse settlement results from the release of elastic energy delivered to the sample by loading before inundation and accumulated at the contact surfaces of soil lumps.

3

Osiadanie spoistych gruntów zwałowanych pod obciążeniem własnym - opis procesu w świetle badań modelowych

Woźniak Henryk

Geologos

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2007

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Vol. 11

401--410

PL

Niejednorodność oraz wysoka niestabilność struktury spowodowana odkształcalnością brył, a także bardzo wysoką porowatością sprawia, że spoisty grunt zwałowany w warunkach obciążenia zachowuje się odmiennie względem ośrodka rozdrobnionego w rozumieniu klasycznej mechaniki gruntów. Aby dokonać opisu zachowania się takiego ośrodka gruntowego, przeprowadzono na modelowanych próbkach zbrylonego gruntu spoistego badania odkształcalności w jednoosiowym stanie odkształcenia. Otrzymane wyniki pozwoliły na ocenę zarówno wielkości osiadań, jak i ich postępu w czasie oraz na scharakteryzowanie procesów strukturalnych zachodzących w tym ośrodku w warunkach obciążenia. Rezultaty badań mogą być wykorzystane do prognozowania osiadania zwałowanych gruntów spoistych pod obciążeniem własnym.

EN

Inhomogeneity and high instability resulting from deformation of lumps together with very high porosity cause that, in terms of “classic” soil mechanics, the cohesive soils dumped under load show behaviour different from that of granular materials. In order to describe the behaviour of such material, the modelling was undertaken of deformation of lumped cohesive soil under confined compression conditions. The results enabled to evaluate the magnitude of settlement and its progress in time as well as to characterize structural processes proceeding within the material under load. The results can be applicable in prognozing of self-weight settlement of cohesive dump soils.

4

Grunt zwałowy - problemy w ocenie parametrów fizyko-mechanicznych

Borecka Aleksandra

Geologos

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2007

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Vol. 11

123--132

PL

Grunt zwałowy jest specyficznym ośrodkiem gruntowym o bardzo zróżnicowanej budowie wewnętrznej, ze względu na to zaliczany jest on do ośrodków rozdrobnionych drugiego rodzaju, charakteryzujących się tzw. „piętrową strukturą”. Specyfika tego ośrodka jest rezultatem zniszczenia pierwotnej, naturalnej struktury gruntów nadkładowych złoża w trakcie procesów urabiania, dalszych przeobrażeń podczas transportu na zwałowisko, zupełnie przypadkowego ich przemieszania oraz różnych zmian i przeobrażeń, jakim podlegał zdeponowany materiał gruntowy na zwałowisku, w wyniku oddziaływania różnorodnych czynników zewnętrznych. Zmiany zachodzące w trakcie trwania tych procesów mają zasadniczy wpływ na kształtowanie się w przyszłości właściwości fizyko-mechanicznych nowo powstającego ośrodka gruntowego.

EN

Dump soils is a specific soil material of a very diversified internal structure due to the fact that it belongs to the granular material of second type that are characteristic for the so-called “stage structure”. Characteristics of this material is the result of destruction of the original, natural structure of overlay soils of a bed during the processes of mining, further changes at the time of transport to the dumping ground, their completely accidental mixing and different changes and transformations that influence the soil material deposited on the dumping ground as a result of different external factors. The changes in the course of these processes are of significant influence on the future formation of physical and mechanical properties of a newly originated soil material.