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Role of Geographic Information Systems in analysing the selection of cichociemni drop zones based on a case study of the "Mewa 1" drop zone

Polończyk Agnieszka, Lupa Michał, Leśniak Andrzej

Polish Cartographical Review

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2023

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Vol. 55, No. 1

87--110

EN

The article discusses the possible use of GIS tools in detailed spatial analysis of materials and old maps showing the activities of Polish soldiers during World War II. The research was based on information regarding the military operations of the “Silent and Unseen” paratroopers (in Polish: cichociemni) in the General Government (GG), available in the archives of the Polish Underground Movement Study Trust (in Polish: Studium Polski Podziemnej) in London, as well as on prewar maps of the Polish Military Geographical Institute (in Polish: Wojskowy Instytut Geograficzny – WIG). The authors present the historical background to, and important details of the cichociemni airdrops. They also describe how these operations were organised and suitable airdrop sites selected. The main part of the article is devoted to an analysis and assessment of the extent to which selected drop sites of the cichociemni complied with the criteria contained in the instructions of the Staff of the Commander-in-Chief in London (in Polish: Sztab Naczelnego Wodza w Londynie). The article presents a case study of the “Mewa 1” drop zone located in the GG. The authors used calibrated WIG maps, which they then converted into vector versions. They also made use of modern DTM and a slope map created on its basis. All the criteria for selecting drop zones included in the historical instructions were analysed. Based on the example of the drop zone in question, as well as on the authors’ own spatial analyses, it was concluded that this particular drop zone met some of the criteria formulated in the guidelines of the Commander-in-Chief’s Staff, but only partially met others or failed to meet them at all. In addition, the authors noted a number of limitations regarding these criteria. For example, they did not take into account the locations of the occupiers’ garrisons or anti-aircraft positions, which are particularly important for the success of airdrop operations. The analyses and the results thereof constitute the first study of the armed operations of the cichociemni in GG areas using digital maps and spatial analyses based on GIS.

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Analysis of the Polish home army drop zones during World War II, using geographic information systems

Leśniak A., Lupa M., Polończyk A.

Geomatics, Landmanagement and Landscape

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2017

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no. 3

89--105

EN

The aim of the research presented in this paper was to determine the precise location of drop zones that were used for parachute jumps of the ‘Silent and Unseen’ paratroops (Polish: Cichociemni) and for delivering military equipment during World War II. The studies were based on historical research containing information about the locations of the jumps and their schematic arrangement, Ordnance Survey Maps of the pre-war period, and a GIS system with contemporary geographic digital maps. Within the work, the available information about the drop zone locations of the period from February 1941 to December 1944 is summarized. Moreover, the calibration of available schematic maps is presented, based on contemporary digital data. The final part of the study contains an estimation of drop zone location errors compared against military tactical maps.

PL

Celem badań przedstawionych w artykule było określenie precyzyjnej lokalizacji placówek, na które dokonywano zrzutów cichociemnych i sprzętu w okresie II wojny światowej. W badaniach posłużono się opracowaniami historycznymi, zawierającymi informacje o lokalizacjach miejsc zrzutów wraz z ich schematycznym rozmieszczeniem, mapami sztabowymi z okresu przedwojennego oraz systemem klasy GIS, wraz ze współczesną geograficzną mapą cyfrową. W ramach prac, zestawiono dostępne informacje o lokalizacjach placówek z okresu II 1941 – XII 1944, dokonano kalibracji dostępnych w literaturze map schematycznych w oparciu o współczesną mapę cyfrową, a także oszacowano błędy lokalizacji zrzutów w oparciu o skalibrowane mapy taktyczne Polski.

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Odpylanie w strefie barbotażowej i kroplowej aparatu o działaniu okresowym

Krawczyk J., Roszak Z., Wisła H.

Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna

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2006

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Nr 4s

99-100

EN

The analysis of fractional dust removal efficiency changes in intensive barbotage conditions and in the drop zone with total liquid recirculation was presented in the paper. A reduction of the overall efficiency was observed for the suspension concentration close to 2.5%. It was confirmed that the effect was caused by the reduction of dust removal fractional efficiency for particles smaller then 5 mm.