The Track-Before-Detect (TBD) algorithms are applied for the tracking of signals below the noise floor. The noise object is the signal that has noise samples only. The processing of such signal using Spatio-Temporal TBD is not possible directly. The proposed preprocessing technique allows analysis of the signal using moving window approach and dot product calculations. Two vectors, related to the distributions, are compared: the overall signal and the local, related to the window position. The Monte Carlo tests are applied for the analysis of performance.
Floating point (FP) multiply-accumulate (MAC) represents one of the most important operations in a wide range of applications, such as DSP, multimedia or graphic processing. This paper presents a FP MAC half precision (16-bit) FPGA implementation. The main contribution of this work is represented by the utilization of modern FPGA DSP block for performing both mantissa multiplication and mantissa accumulation. In order to use the DSP block for these operations, the alignment right shifts are performed before the multiply-add stage: a right shift on one of the multiplicand, and, a left shift for the other. This results in efficient DSP usage; thus both cost savings and higher performance (high working frequencies and low latencies) are targeted for MAC operations.
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At school, trigonometry is constructed traditionally starting from the definition of trigonometric functions in right triangle and generalizing those definitions for arbitrary angles in rectangular coordinates without using vector tools. The method of construction of trigonometry using the scalar product was presented in the article [1] published in 1961 in Gottingen. This work is difficult of access. We intend to popularize this method, because it is general, brief and clear.
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