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The moderating role of resource accessibility to the Theory of Planned Behaviour components: a study of e-entrepreneurship intention among Saudi women

Alzamel Samar

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2021

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Vol. 24, No. 1

30--44

EN

This study investigated the impact of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) components on Saudi women’s e-entrepreneurial intentions. Five hundred thirty-four female undergraduate students from different universities in Saudi Arabia completed survey questionnaires to understand the moderating role of resource accessibility in influencing entrepreneurial intentions. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to test the model. The study reveals that attitude towards entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial self-efficacy are significantly related to e-entrepreneurial intention, while the subjective norm was insignificant. The moderation role of Resource Accessibility (RA) positively impacted the relationship between the TPB components and e-entrepreneurial intention. The findings of this study develop a base for supporting women’s entrepreneurial intention through resource accessibility.

PL

W artykule zbadano wpływ elementów teorii planowanego zachowania (TPB) na intencje e-przedsiębiorcze saudyjskich kobiet. Pięćset trzydzieści cztery studentki studiów licencjackich z różnych uniwersytetów w Arabii Saudyjskiej wypełniły ankiety, aby zrozumieć moderującą rolę dostępności zasobów we wpływaniu na intencje przedsiębiorcze. Do przetestowania modelu wykorzystano modelowanie równań strukturalnych (SEM). Z badania wynika, że stosunek do przedsiębiorczości i przedsiębiorczego poczucia własnej skuteczności są istotnie związane z intencją e-przedsiębiorczą, podczas gdy norma subiektywna była nieistotna. Moderacyjna rola dostępności zasobów (RZ) pozytywnie wpłynęła na relacje między komponentami TPB a intencją e-przedsiębiorcy. Wyniki tego badania tworzą podstawę do wspierania przedsiębiorczych zamiarów kobiet poprzez dostępność zasobów.

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Nutrient Uptake and Allocation by Plants in Recent Mounds Created by Subterranean Rodent, Plateau Zokor Eospalax baileyi

Wu R., Wei X., Liu K., Zhong M., Liu Y., Pan D., Shao X.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2017

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Vol. 65, nr 1

132--143

EN

To understand the nutrient absorption and adaptability of plant species that initially colonize mounds and the influences of the plateau zokor on the diversity of the plant community after 4 years' period, a series of experiments was conducted in an alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The contents of C and N and the flow of N in pioneer species were measured and tracked using the 15N isotope tracer method, and the species diversity on 4-year-old mounds was investigated. The results showed that (1) plateau zokors could influence the plant species on the mounds by creating gaps in the grassland; (2) Elymus nutans and Elsholtzia feddei, with high rates and efficiencies of nutrient absorption and transportation, were more competitive on the newly formed mounds than other species; (3) Elymus nutans played a dominant role in the plant community of the mounds; and (4) plateau zokors did not change the plant diversity after 4 years' period. These findings indicated that species colonizing the mounds experienced a process of competition when gaps were created by the rodents, that species with greater capabilities for resource acquisition and utilization had stronger competitiveness and vice versa, and that after a few years, the plant diversity on the mounds was almost similar to that of the undisturbed grassland.

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Determinants of plant species richness in different wetland types along a hydrological gradient: implication for conservation

Shi J., Ma K., Wang J., Zhang Y., Zhao J.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2013

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Vol. 61, nr 4

645--654

EN

The loss of biodiversity caused by wetland degradation is a hot issue in ecology. It is known that hydrological degradation is the primary reason resulting in wetland degradation, but little is known about the relationship between plant species richness and environmental factors in different wetland types along a hydrological gradient. According to the gradient from high to low water level, wetland remnants in the Sanjiang Plain of northeast China were classified into three wetland types, which were permanently inundated marshes (PIM), seasonally inundated marshes (SIM) and wet meadows (WM) respectively. In this paper, we aimed to identify the determinants of plant species richness in the three wetland types and discern the transition of the determinants along a hydrological gradient. Plant species richness as well as area, habitat heterogeneity and resource availability was investigated in 51 wetland remnants, which were composed of 6 PIM, 25 SIM and 20 WM. Averagely, the area of wetland remnants occupied by PIM, SIM and WM was 0.35 ± 0.17 ha, 2.81 ± 2.88 ha and 1.34 ± 1.18 ha respectively. Aggregating the species in each wetland type, there were 67, 244 and 170 species recorded in PIM, SIM and WM. The determinants of species richness varied in different wetland types: standing water depth in PIM, area and water heterogeneity in SIM, and soil fertility and area in WM. With the decreasing water level, the influence of hydrological condition on species richness in the three wetland types declined while the impact of area and soil fertility gradually increased. Thus, hydrological condition was probably responsible for the transition of the determinants of species richness in different wetland types. Moreover, the habitat specialists of wetland would be lost when PIM or SIM degraded to WM. In order to conserve and restore plant diversity, specific measures should be taken including preventing area loss for all wetland remnants, managing the hydrological process for PIM and SIM, and regulating soil nutrient for WM.