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EN
The paper is proposing a methodology for assessing the time-criticality in the scope of a crisis resulting from a cascade of disruptions of a set of Critical Infrastructures (CIs). The success of the management of the crisis depends on taking the good decisions and undertaking the corresponding actions at the good timing. Identifying time intervals for decisions and actions requires dynamic models capable to assess the crisis time evolution. While, measuring the “criticality” of different time-intervals requires the use of suitable metrics. Based on previous works for modelling cascade of CIs’ disruptions incorporating CIs dependency and vulnerability, the authors propose a methodology to assess the time-criticality and propose the appropriate metrics. The methodology is based on the idea of comparing the time-profile of a given cascade of disruptions between two configurations: unstressed and stressed CIs. The CIs become stressed under the action of a threat and combined with the dependency between CIs. The unstressed configuration represents a risk-noise. Two metrics are proposed in order to carry on the comparison between the time-profiles of the stressed and the unstressed CIs. The proposed metrics are: the time to attend 90% of the asymptotic occurrence probability and the time to attend the most probable occurrence rate, describing the cascade likelihood. An academic case is presented in order to demonstrate the applicability of the methodology and illustrate some interesting features.
2
Content available remote Elements of games: imagination strategies for architecture
EN
The essay is about the deep analogies between the world of games and the way architects deal with projects through the discipline of composition. Elements, rules, relationships are devices belonging to both; but also strategy, analysis and most of all imagination are basic instruments for playing games and for designing architectures, as shown in the interpretation of some works by Adolf Loos and Le Corbusier.
PL
Esej traktuje o głębokich analogiach pomiędzy światem gier, a sposobem, w jaki projektują architekci. Elementy, reguły, relacje są narzędziami przynależącymi obu dyscyplinom. Także strategie, analizy i wyobraźnia są podstawowymi instrumentami w grach i projektowaniu architektury, jak pokazano na przykładzie interpretacji wybranych prac Adolfa Loosa i Le Corbusiera.
3
Content available remote Modelowanie dynamiki kostek domina
PL
W artykule przedstawiono badania dynamiki łańcucha kostek domina i komputerowe symulacje ich ruchu w układzie 2D. W procesie analizy ruchu kostek badano efekt ich rotacji, zderzania się i tarcia. Przedstawiono wyniki symulacji wirtualnych z wykorzystaniem programu Working Model®. Rezultaty badań numerycznych pokazano w postaci faz ruchu kostek.
EN
In this paper a chain of toppling dominoes is subject of the research of dynamics and computer-aided simulations. This dynamic process is investigated as in 2D. Toppling dominoes shows interesting effects such as rotations, collisions, and friction. In this paper the virtual simulations for analysis of dynamics of dominoes using Working Model® software are presented. The results from numerical simulations are shown as phases of movements of dominoes.
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