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Węgliki eutektyczne w staliwie austenitycznym

Garbiak M., Piekarski B.

Inżynieria Materiałowa

2010

Vol. 31, nr 1

12-16

W pracy przedstawiono zmiany w składzie fazowym i morfologii węglików eutektycznych spowodowane wprowadzeniem do żarowytrzymałego staliwa austenitycznego typu 30Ni/18Cr dodatków niobu i/lub tytanu. Przygotowano cztery stopy, w których zawartość badanych pierwiastków zmieniała się w prze- działach (% mas.): Nb - 0,03÷1,84 i T - 0,3÷1,0. W badaniach mikrostruktury wykorzystano obserwacje zgładów metalograficznych i powierzchni próbek po ekstrakcji elektrochemicznej za pomocą mikroskopii świetlnej i skaningowej. Prowadzono również badania za pomocą dyfraktometru rentgenowskiego. Opisano wpływ niobu i tytanu na rozdrobnienie makro i mikrostruktury staliwa oraz na rodzaj i morfologię wydzieleń węglików eutektycznych. W opisie wyników badań skoncentrowano się na ocenie kształtu węglików chromu typu M23C6 i M7C3, węglików typu MC oraz węglikoazotków tytanu Ti(C, N).

This paper presents the changes in phase composition and morphology of eutectic carbides in creep resisting austenitic cast steel of 0.3% C-30% Ni- 18% Cr composition, enriched with niobium and titanium additions. The research was conducted on a group of four alloys with content of niobium in the range 0.03÷1.84 and titanium 0.03÷1.0 wt %. Morphology of car- bides was investigated on cross sections and on surfaces of samples after electrolytic extraction with use of light and scanning microscopy. The phase composition of alloys was tested by X-ray diffraction method. An influence of niobium and titanium on macro and microstructure refinement and type and morphology of eutectic carbides was described. The investigation was focused on description of the shape of chromium carbides Cr23C6 and M7C3, carbides of MC type and titanium carbonitrides Ti(C, N).

Sample preparation vs quality of X-ray phase analysis results

Chylińska R.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

2007

Vol. 7, iss. 4

21-24

In this study, taking as an example the creep-resistant austenitic cast steel, the results of the investigations were presented whose aim was to show what effect the specimen surface condition, discussed in terms of its roughness obtained by grinding, polishing with diamond paste, electrolytic polishing and etching, may have on the quality of results obtained by X-ray phase analysis. The preset goal has been achieved comparing the quantity and intensity of reflections on X-ray diffraction patterns obtained from the prepared specimens. The test material was cast steel containing (in wt.%): 0.29%C, 1.02%Mn, 4.36%Si, 0.007%S, 0.015%P, 17.8%Cr, 29.3%Ni, 1.59%Nb and 1.19%Ti, subjected to the process of annealing at a temperature of 850°C for 100 hours. For identification of structural constituents by the technique of X-ray phase analysis, four solid specimens were prepared. Their surfaces were successively ground, polished, and subjected to electrolytic etching. The reference sample (isolate) was obtained by the method of electrolytic extraction. In solid material the following phases were identified: Fe[gamma], NbC and G; in the isolate additionally the presence of TiC, M23C6 and [sigma] was reported. It has been proved that in the case of solid specimens partial identification of phase constituents may be carried out on surfaces subjected only to grinding with 600 grit abrasive paper without the need of any further preparation.