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  1. 4 Fundamenta Informaticae
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  1. 4 Kuboń M.
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1
Content available remote Mikroinstalacja fotowoltaiczna w kontekście przepisów budowlanych
Maj Joanna
Inżynier Budownictwa
|
2023
|
nr 12
90--91
2
Content available remote Diameter of General Knödel Graphs
Musawi Seyed Reza, Nazari Esmaeil
Fundamenta Informaticae
|
2022
|
Vol. 190, nr 1
47--62
EN
The Kn¨odel graph W∆,n is a ∆-regular bipartite graph on n > 2∆ vertices where n is an even integer. In this paper We obtain some results about the distances of two vertices in the Kndel graphs and by them, we prove that diam(W∆,n) = 1 + d n−2 2∆−2 e, where ∆ > 2 and n > (2∆ − 5)(2∆ − 2) + 4.
3
Content available Clustering of data represented by pairwise comparisons
Dvoenko Sergey
Control and Cybernetics
|
2022
|
Vol. 51, No. 3
343--387
EN
In this paper, experimental data, given in the form of pairwise comparisons, such as distances or similarities, are considered. Clustering algorithms for processing such data are developed based on the well-known k-means procedure. Relations to factor analysis are shown. The problems of improving clustering quality and of finding the proper number of clusters in the case of pairwise comparisons are considered. Illustrative examples are provided.
4
Content available The spatial reorganization of an integration transport point: a case study of the city of Šibenik
Maretić Branimir, Abramović Borna
Transport Problems
|
2021
|
T. 16, z. 4
15--22
EN
This paper formulates a specific methodology based on a mathematical model that selects the optimal terminal configuration of individual transport modes within the point of integration of passenger transport. The methodology is applicable for the purpose of analyzing the current situation and proposing improvements to the point of integation of passenger transport. The application of the methodology is presented at the point of integration of different transport modes in the city of Šibenik. As the main parameter in the mathematical model, the time distance required for a certain type of passenger to walk between each individual terminal within the integration point was chosen. Technical and technological criteria that influence the choice of the optimal configuration were evaluated and included in mathematical calculations. By selecting the optimal terminal configuration within the integration point, the preconditions for better integration of transport modes as well as for greater passenger satisfaction will be achieved.
5
Content available A Review of Methods and Challenges for Improvement in Efficiency and Distance for Wireless Power Transfer Applications
Kuka Sokol, Ni Kai, Alkahtani Mohammed
Power Electronics and Drives
|
2020
|
Vol. 5 (40)
1--25
EN
Over the past few years, interest and research in wireless power transfer (WPT) have been rapidly incrementing, and as an effect, this is a remarkable technology in many electronic devices, electric vehicles and medical devices. However, most of the applications have been limited to very close distances because of efficiency concerns. Even though the inductive power transfer technique is becoming relatively mature, it has not shown near-field results more than a few metres away transmission. This review is focused on two fundamental aspects: the power efficiency and the transmission distance in WPT systems. Introducing the principles and the boundaries, scientific articles will be reviewed and discussed in terms of their methods and respective challenges. This paper also shows more important results in efficiency and distance obtained, clearly explaining the theory behind and obstacles to overcome. Furthermore, an overlook in other aspects and the latest research studies for this technology will be given. Moreover, new issues have been raised including safety and security.
6
Content available remote Ultrasonic microcontroller device for distance measuring between dustcart and container of municipal solid wastes
Bereziuk Oleh, Lemeshev Mykhailo, Bogachuk Volodymyr, Nurseitova Karlygash, Bugubayeva Alina
Przegląd Elektrotechniczny
|
2019
|
R. 95, nr 4
146--150
EN
In the paper structural diagram of the device and block scheme of microcontroller control algorithm for measuring distance have been proposed. The main characteristics of the proposed device are provided. The results of experimental tests are shown for measuring distance with consideration of environmental parameters. The results of experimental studies, presented in the work, confirm reliability of the parameter being measured.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono schemat konstrukcyjny urządzenia oraz schemat blokowy algorytmu sterowania mikrokontrolerem do pomiaru odległości. Podano główne cechy proponowanego urządzenia. Wyniki badań eksperymentalnych przedstawiono dla pomiaru odległości z uwzględnieniem parametrów środowiskowych. Przedstawione w pracy wyniki badań potwierdzają wiarygodność mierzonego parametru.
7
Content available remote Wykorzystanie zapisu kamer wideo w analizie wypadków drogowych. Studium przypadku
Křižák M.
Paragraf na Drodze
|
2018
|
Nr 3
55--66
PL
Wraz z rozwojem kamer i zwiększeniem udziału monitorowanych odcinków dróg rośnie liczba wypadków drogowych zarejestrowanych kamerą wideo. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie podstawowych metod, wykorzystujących minimalną ilość oprogramowania do analizy zapisu wideo wypadku drogowego i zastosowania ich w konkretnym wypadku drogowym, zarejestrowanym przez kamerę pokładową poruszającego się pojazdu. W omawianym przypadku celem analizy było zlokalizowanie pojazdu z kamerą pokładową w chwili zderzenia oraz ustalenie prędkości wszystkich uczestniczących pojazdów w chwili zderzenia i w chwili wjazdu w obszar rejestrowany przez kamerę.
EN
With the development of dashboard cameras and increasing areas of camera-watched sections of roads, the number of video recordings of traffic accidents is also increasing. The aim of this paper is to show basic methods, with minimum software, for the analysis of video recorded traffic accident and their application in a particular case of a traffic accident recorded by a dashboard camera from a moving vehicle. In the studied case the analysis was targeted at identification of the position of the vehicle with camera at the moment of collision and determination of the speeds of all the vehicles participating in the accident at the moment of collision and when entering the camera’s field of view.
8
Content available remote Odpowiedzialność karna za niebezpieczne hamowanie. Studium trzech przypadków
Małecki M., Kwiatkowski D.
Paragraf na Drodze
|
2018
|
Nr 1
17--33
PL
Artykuł porusza problematykę zachowania przez kierującego wymaganej przepisami prawa ostrożności przy manewrze hamowania. Na przykładzie trzech stanów faktycznych autorzy wskazują, że w pewnych sytuacjach winnym zdarzenia drogowego (wypadku lub kolizji) może być wyłącznie lub częściowo osoba podejmująca manewr hamowania w sposób nieprzewidywalny i sprzeczny z regułami postępowania w ruchu lądowym, nawet jeśli drugi uczestnik zdarzenia – kierujący pojazdem jadącym z tyłu – naruszył inne, lecz mniej istotne w danych okolicznościach, zasady bezpieczeństwa w ruchu drogowym.
EN
The article discusses the problem of compliance by the driver with the precautionary measures required in the braking manoeuvre. On the example of three cases the authors point out that in some situations a person undertaking a braking manoeuvre in a way unpredictable and incompatible with the precautionary principle may be partially or wholly guilty of a traffic incident (misdemeanour or offence), even if the other participant of the incident – the driver of the second vehicle – has violated rules, which was less important in the circumstances of traffic safety.
9
Content available Automation and innovations in logistic processes of electronic commerce
Woźniakowski T., Zmarzłowski K., Nowakowska M.
Information Systems in Management
|
2018
|
Vol. 7, No. 1
72--82
EN
Many different kinds of automation are saving great amount of time and money in e-commerce. This paper gives an overview of the current applications and future of robots in e-commerce and discusses the various factors that that are important to choosing the best approach in ‘last-mile-delivery’. It discusses advantages and disadvantages of autonomous vehicles, questions about safety and reliability and marketing effect. Automation at earlier stages of supply chain, less visible for clients has more impact on delivery process economics.
10
Content available Metoda wyznaczania optymalnej odległości między przystankami na sieci autobusowej komunikacji miejskiej
Ficoń K.
Gospodarka Materiałowa i Logistyka
|
2018
|
nr 5
24--33
PL
W pracy podjęto próbę modelowania zadania wyznaczania optymalnej odległości między przystankami autobusowymi na sieci komunikacji miejskiej. W tym celu został zbudowany model logiczno-analityczny obrazujący proces poruszania się autobusu na sieci komunikacji miejskiej, uwzględniający m.in. czasową dynamikę ruszania z przystanku, liniowy odcinek ruchu jednostajnego między przystankami i czas hamowania przed kolejnym przystankiem. Dodatkowo dołączono „pieszą” procedurę dojścia pasażera do przystanku, a następnie jego dotarcie do miejsca przeznaczenia. Zaproponowana topografia miejskiej sieci komunikacji autobusowej powinna gwarantować minimalizację łącznego czasu podróży autobusem oraz czasu dojścia do przystanku i przejścia do miejsca docelowego. Skuteczność funkcjonowania modelu zilustrowano prostym przykładem liczbowym.
EN
The paper attempts to model the task of determining the optimal distance between bus stops on the public transport network. To this end, a logical-analytical model was built, illustrating the process of moving the bus on the public transport network, including temporary dynamics of starting from the stop, linear segment of uniform traffic between stops and braking time before the next stop. In addition, a "walking" procedure for the passenger to reach the stop and then reaching the destination. The proposed topography of the urban bus communication network should guarantee minimizing the total travel time of the bus and the time of reaching the bus stop and passing to the destination. The model's effectiveness is illustrated by a simple numerical example.
11
Content available Metoda wyznaczania optymalnej odległości między przystankami na sieci autobusowej komunikacji miejskiej
Ficoń K.
Gospodarka Materiałowa i Logistyka
|
2018
|
nr 5
192--210, CD
PL
W pracy podjęto próbę modelowania zadania wyznaczania optymalnej odległości między przystankami autobusowymi na sieci komunikacji miejskiej. W tym celu został zbudowany model logiczno-analityczny obrazujący proces poruszania się autobusu na sieci komunikacji miejskiej, uwzględniający m.in. czasową dynamikę ruszania z przystanku, liniowy odcinek ruchu jednostajnego między przystankami i czas hamowania przed kolejnym przystankiem. Dodatkowo dołączono „pieszą” procedurę dojścia pasażera do przystanku, a następnie jego dotarcie do miejsca przeznaczenia. Zaproponowana topografia miejskiej sieci komunikacji autobusowej powinna gwarantować minimalizację łącznego czasu podróży autobusem oraz czasu dojścia do przystanku i przejścia do miejsca docelowego. Skuteczność funkcjonowania modelu zilustrowano prostym przykładem liczbowym.
EN
The paper attempts to model the task of determining the optimal distance between bus stops on the public transport network. To this end, a logical-analytical model was built, illustrating the process of moving the bus on the public transport network, including temporary dynamics of starting from the stop, linear segment of uniform traffic between stops and braking time before the next stop. In addition, a "walking" procedure for the passenger to reach the stop and then reaching the destination. The proposed topography of the urban bus communication network should guarantee minimizing the total travel time of the bus and the time of reaching the bus stop and passing to the destination. The model's effectiveness is illustrated by a simple numerical example.
12
Content available remote Deterministic Meeting of Sniffing Agents in the Plane
Elouasbi S., Pelc A.
Fundamenta Informaticae
|
2018
|
Vol. 160, nr 3
281--301
EN
Two mobile agents, starting at arbitrary, possibly different times from arbitrary locations in the plane, have to meet. Agents are modeled as discs of diameter 1, and meeting occurs when these discs touch. Agents have different labels which are positive integers. Each agent knows its own label, but not the label of the other agent. Agents are equipped with compasses and have synchronized clocks. They make a series of moves. Each move specifies the direction and the duration of moving. This includes a null move which consists in staying inert for some time, or forever. In a non-null move agents travel at the same constant speed, normalized to 1. We assume that agents have sensors enabling them to estimate the distance from the other agent (defined as the distance between centers of discs), but not the direction towards it. We consider two models of estimation. In both models an agent reads its sensor at the moment of its appearance in the plane and then at the end of each move. This reading (together with the previous ones) determines the decision concerning the next move. In both models the reading of the sensor tells the agent if the other agent is already present. Moreover, in the monotone model, each agent can find out, for any two readings in moments t1 and t2, whether the distance from the other agent at time t1 was smaller, equal or larger than at time t2. In the weaker binary model, each agent can find out, at any reading, whether it is at distance less than ρ or at distance at least ρ from the other agent, for some real ρ > 1 unknown to them. Such distance estimation mechanism can be implemented, e.g., using chemical sensors. Each agent emits some chemical substance (scent), and the sensor of the other agent detects it, i.e., sniffs. The intensity of the scent decreases with the distance. In the monotone model it is assumed that the sensor is ideally accurate and can measure any change of intensity. In the binary model it is only assumed that the sensor can detect the scent below some distance (without being able to measure intensity) above which the scent is too weak to be detected. We show the impact of the two ways of sensing on the cost of meeting, defined as the total distance travelled by both agents until the meeting. For the monotone model we show an algorithm achieving meeting at cost O(D), where D is the initial distance between the agents. This complexity is optimal. For the binary model we show that, if agents start at distance smaller than ρ (i.e., when they sense each other initially) then meeting can be guaranteed at cost O(ρ log λ), where λ is the larger label, and that this cost cannot be improved in general. Finally we observe that, if agents start at distance αρ, for some constant α > 1 in the binary model, then sniffing does not help, i.e., the worst-case optimal meeting cost is of the same order of magnitude as without any sniffing ability.
13
Content available Probabilistic model for airport runway safety areas
Szabo S., Vittek P., Kraus J., Plos V., Lališ A., Štumper M., Vajdova I.
Transport Problems
|
2017
|
T. 12, z. 2
89--97
EN
The Laboratory of Aviation Safety and Security at CTU in Prague has recently started a project aimed at runway protection zones. The probability of exceeding by a certain distance from the runway in common incident/accident scenarios (take-off/landing overrun/veer-off, landing undershoot) is being identified relative to the runway for any airport. As a result, the size and position of safety areas around runways are defined for the chosen probability. The basis for probability calculation is a probabilistic model using statistics from more than 1400 real-world cases where jet airplanes have been involved over the last few decades. Other scientific studies have contributed to understanding the issue and supported the model’s application to different conditions.
14
Content available remote Evolutionary ordering of the mitochondrion-encoded proteins
Kozarzewski B.
Journal of Applied Computer Science
|
2016
|
Vol. 24, nr 1
37--49
EN
The parsing of a symbolic sequence into a set of short substrings called words invented by the author is used for a new definition of the distance between sequences. No sequence alignment is necessary. The most frequent among spectra of multiprotein sequences are selected and considered as a reference spectrum of the sequences. The distance between the reference spectrum and protein sequences is considered as the estimation of the evolutionary distance of the protein. As an application, amino acid sequences of the several mitochondria-encoded proteins of mammal species are ordered according to their evolutionary distance. Statistical distribution of the distances between exhibits some structures related to the evolutionary rate in the past.
15
Content available Dystans wobec władzy według typologii Hofstedego a implementacja koncepcji społecznej odpowiedzialności biznesu w organizacjach
Wolniak R.
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
|
2015
|
z. 82
343--357
PL
W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono rozważania na temat relacji pomiędzy dystansem wobec władzy (jednym z wymiarów kulturowych według typologii G. Hofstedego) a wdrażaniem koncepcji społecznej odpowiedzialności biznesu. Wychodząc od szczegółowej charakterystyki dystansu wobec władzy, przeanalizowano, w jaki sposób mały lub duży dystans wobec władzy wpływa na realizację CSR. Dodatkowo spróbowano zastanowić się nad związkami pomiędzy rozwojem społecznym a wskaźnikiem dystansu wobec władzy.
EN
This publication presents reflections on the relationship between the distance to authority (power dystance) - one of the cultural dimensions of the typology of G. Hofstede, and implementing of the concept of corporate social responsibility. Starting from the particular characteristics of distance to power we analyse how large or small distance towards power affects the implementation of CSR. In addition in the paper there is an attempt to reflect on relationships between social development and indicator of the distance to authority.
16
Modelowanie odległości pomiędzy pojazdami w kongestii w skali nanoskopowej
Szczupakowski S.
Logistyka
|
2015
|
nr 3
4651--4655, CD 1
PL
W artykule zostały zaprezentowane metoda i wyniki badań odległości pomiędzy zatrzymanymi pojazdami w kongestii. Dodatkowo opracowany został prosty sposób modelowania tej wielkości, co przy wysokim poziomie współczynnika determinacji R2 > 0,92 może zostać wykorzystane w tworzeniu większych modeli oraz służyć do weryfikacji danych z innych źródeł.
EN
In article were presented method and results of distance measurements between stopped cars in congestion. In addition, has been developed simple way to modeling of this parameter, which given high level of the coefficient of the determination R2 > 0,92, could be useful in bigger models preparation and used in verification data from others sources.
17
Content available Differences in Value of Entrepreneurship Index in Rural Areas of the Lower Silesia Province
Klepacka-Dunajko I., Dunajko D., Kałuża H.
Logistics and Transport
|
2015
|
Vol. 27, No. 3
59--68
EN
The article presents results of research on the relationship between the rate of entrepreneurship of rural and urban-rural province of Lower Silesia and the distance from the economic centres, as well as expenditures of counties on public roads. It is assumed that the main economic centres are the county towns of the Lower Silesia Voivodship. Entrepreneurial activity rate was defined as the number of business entities registered in the REGON system per 10,000 population of working age. Distance of rural communities from economic centres were expressed as the shortest road distances. The research shows that there is no statistically significant relationship between the ratio value of entrepreneurship in the municipality and its distance from the economic centre, but it exists between the average rate of entrepreneurship of the districts and their expenditure on public roads.
18
Content available Virtual Sound Localization by Blind People
Dunai L., Lengua I., Peris-Fajarnés G., Brusola F.
Archives of Acoustics
|
2015
|
Vol. 40, No. 4
561--567
EN
The paper demonstrates that blind people localize sounds more accurately than sighted people by using monaural and/or binaural cues. In the experiment, blind people participated in two tests; the first one took place in the laboratory and the second one in the real environment under different noise conditions. A simple click sound was employed and processed with non-individual head related transfer functions. The sounds were delivered by a system with a maximum azimuth of 32° to the left side and 32° to the right side of the participant’s head at a distance ranging from 0.3 m up to 5 m. The present paper describes the experimental methods and results of virtual sound localization by blind people through the use of a simple electronic travel aid based on an infrared laser pulse and the time of flight distance measurement principle. The lack of vision is often compensated by other perceptual abilities, such as the tactile or hearing ability. The results show that blind people easily perceive and localize binaural sounds and assimilate them with sounds from the environment.
19
Influence of a distance from a water treatment plant on the chlorination by-products occurrence in Krakow Bielany water distribution system
Kot M., Włodyka-Bergier A., Bergier T., Gruszczyński S.
Logistyka
|
2014
|
nr 6
EN
The effect of distance from water treatment plant on the chlorination by-products occurrence was shown in this article. Once a month from February 2011 to March 2012 the water samples were sampled from the endings of from Krakow Bielany water distribution system, in five sampling points in public buildings. Totally 70 water samples were taken and analyzed. The following volatile by-products of chlorination were analyzed: trihalomethanes, acetonitriles, haloketones, chloropicrin and chloral hydrate. On the basis of analysis and the results the correlation between contact time and the formation of halogenated organic compounds was obtained.
PL
W artykule wykazano wpływ odległości od zakładu uzdatniania wody na powstawanie ubocznych produktów chlorowania wody. Przeprowadzone w tym celu zostały badania próbek wody z końcówek sieci Bielany w Krakowie, pobieranych raz w miesiącu od lutego 2011 roku do marca 2012 roku z pięciu punktów czerpalnych w budynkach użyteczności publicznej. Łącznie pobrano i przeanalizowano 70 próbek wody. W próbkach zostały oznaczone następujące lotne uboczne produkty chlorowania: trihalometany, acetonitryle, halogenoketony, chloropikryna oraz wodzian chloralu. Na podstawie otrzymanych wyników uzyskano zależności czasu kontaktu od ilości powstających halogenowych związków organicznych.
20
Content available remote On Characterizing Hierarchies of Granulation Structures via Distances
Yang X, Qian Y., Yang J.
Fundamenta Informaticae
|
2013
|
Vol. 123, nr 3
365--380
EN
Hierarchy plays a crucial role in the development of the granular computing. In this paper, three different hierarchies are considered for judging whether a granulation structure is finer or coarser than another one. The first hierarchy is based on the set containment of information granulations, the second hierarchy is based on the cardinal numbers of information granulations while the third hierarchy is based on the sum of cardinal numbers of information granulations. Through introducing set distance and knowledge distance, we investigate the algebraic lattices, in which the derived partial orders are corresponding to the three different hierarchies, respectively. From the viewpoint of distance, these results look forward to provide a more comprehensible perspective for the study of hierarchies on granulation structures.
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