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Performance analysis of a lithium-ion battery of an electric vehicle under various driving conditions

Dhawan Shreya, Sabharwal Aanhal, Shreya Shreya, Gupta Aarushi, Parvez Yusuf

Archives of Thermodynamics

2023

Vol. 44, no 3

143--160

Conventional fuels are the primary source of pollution. Switching towards clean energy becomes increasingly necessary for sustainable development. Electric vehicles are the most suitable alternative for the future of the automobile industry. The battery, being the power source, is the critical element of electric vehicles. However, its charging and discharging rates have always been a question. The discharge rate depends upon various factors such as vehicle load, temperature gradient, surface inclination, terrain, tyre pressure, and vehicle speed. In this work, a 20 Ah, 13S-8P configured lithium-ion battery, developed specifically for a supermileage custom vehicle, is used for experimentation. The abovementioned factors have been analyzed to check the vehicle’s overall performance in different operating conditions, and their effects have been investigated against the battery’s discharge rate. It has been observed that the discharge rate remains unaffected by the considered temperature difference. However, overheating the battery results in thermal runaway, damaging and reducing its life. Increasing the number of brakes to 15, the impact on the discharge rate is marginal; however, if the number of brakes increases beyond 21, a doubling trend in voltage drops was observed. Thus, a smoother drive at a slow-varying velocity is preferred. Experiments for different load conditions and varying terrains show a rise in discharge with increasing load, low discharge for concrete, and the largest discharge for rocky terrain.

Evaluation of hydride electrode parameters at different discharge rates

Bordolińska K., Bala H.

Ochrona przed Korozją

2015

nr 5

177--179

The effects of hydride electrode discharge rate on its discharge capacity and exchange current density of H2O/H2 system are discussed. The LaNi4.5Co0.5 hydrogen storage alloy has been applied as the powder composite electrode active material. In all experiments the electrode was being galvanostically charged with a medium rate of –0.5 C. For electrode discharging, low rates of hydrogen oxidation (idisch ≤ 0.35 C) have been applied. It is shown that for idisch between 0.1 C and 0.35 C the electrode material capacity linearly increases with discharge rate decrease. Similarly, soft discharge conditions favor increase of H2O/H2 exchange currents.

Dyskutowany jest wpływ szybkości rozładowywania elektrody wodorkowej na jej pojemność prądową i gęstość prądu wymiany układu H2O/H2. Jako materiał aktywny kompozytowej, proszkowej elektrody wodorkowej wybrano stop LaNi4.5Co0.5. We wszystkich eksperymentach elektrodę ładowano galwanostatycznie ze stałą, umiarkowaną szybkością, równą –0,5 C. Do rozładowywania zastosowano niskie prądy utleniania wodoru (idisch ≤ 0.35 C). Pokazano, że w zakresie gęstości prądów rozładowania 0,1 C do 0,35 C pojemność prądowa materiału liniowo wzrasta ze spadkiem szybkości rozładowania. Podobnie, łagodne warunki rozładowania sprzyjają wzrostowi prądu wymiany układu H2O/H2.