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Embedding Invisible Watermarks into Digital Images Based on Side-Match Vector Quantization

Wu H.-C., Chang C.-C.

Fundamenta Informaticae

2004

Vol. 63, nr 1

89--106

This paper proposes an effective digital watermarking scheme to protect the intellectual property rights of digital images. This scheme embeds representative watermarks into images during the process of side-match vector quantization (SMVQ) compresses and extracts the digital watermark effectively in order to determine the ownership of the image when a dispute over intellectual property rights occurs. The method proposed in this paper embeds a watermark based on the grouping of the codewords in a state codebook, and it stresses the fact that the SMVQ compressed image and the decompressed image both contain watermarks. In addition, the decompressed image has strong resistance against being damaged. Even under JPEG lossy compression, the watermark can still be restored effectively. The proposed method enables the watermark to be embedded directly into a compressed image that is much smaller than the original one. Once applied to the network, the method can save time in image transmission as well as storage space.

Hiding Digital Watermarks Using Fractal Compression Technique

Wu H-C., Chang C-C.

Fundamenta Informaticae

2003

Vol. 58, nr 2

189--202

This paper proposes a fractal-based watermarking scheme that efficiently protects the intellectual property rights of digital images. The main feature of fractal encoding is that it uses the self-similarity between the larger and smaller parts of an image to compress the image. When our scheme uses this self-similar relationship, it effects both the embedding and extraction of the watermark. As seen from the experimental results, the proposed scheme provides more robust capability than other compression-based watermarking techniques.