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2 2024

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Digital platforms as boosters of the secondary labour market? Polish perspectives on couriers and drivers

Tusińska Magdalena

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

2024

z. 201

341--351

Purpose: The aim of this article is to investigate perceptions of the income earned by couriers and drivers operating through digital labor platforms (DLPs), as well as to assess the future prospects for the development of this segment of the labor market. Design/methodology/approach: A critical review of literature and a diagnostic survey method. Findings: The digital platform segment exhibits features of a secondary labor market while Polish society largely remains unaware of this fact and uninterested in paying higher fees for courier and driver services. Growth of this segment is anticipated. Research limitations/implications: The typical imperfections of direct research. Moreover, conducting the internet-based survey narrows the sample of respondents to digitally included people only. Future research could investigate perspectives on the circumstances of online platform workers. This approach, however, is contingent on the development of platform work and the recognition of this phenomenon. Social implications: Providing an insight into the general working practices of couriers and drivers providing services via the app. Originality/value: The topic is relatively new, especially in the Polish public's awareness. The article as the first publication brings a presentation of Poles’ opinions on platform work with focus on couriers and drivers incomes.

Artificial intelligence and digital labour platforms – the nature of the relationship and its effects on human work

Ostoj Izabela

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

2024

z. 199

495--504

Purpose: The article aims to identify the relationships between artificial intelligence and digital labour platforms and how these relationships are potentially significant for human labour in the light of the labour reinstatement effect. Design/methodology/approach: The theoretical part drew on the reinstatement effect hypothesis, while the empirical part used Online Labour Observatory data. The analysis concerned the changes that occurred in the “clerical and data entry” category as the most strongly related to AI creation. Findings: The reinstatement effect hypothesis suggests that new technologies replacing human labour may be accompanied by an effect of increased labour demand that may arise in the area of these technologies. The examination of mutual links between AI and DLP revealed the emergence of new types of tasks, engaging “crowds of people”, that include algorithmically managed delivery of services in the field coordinated by DLP. It was found that the period of the recent rapid developments in AI, which required a radical rise in the number of AI-related parameters, was characterised by a dramatically increased demand for “clerical and data entry” services. This may point to a reinstatement effect as one possible relationship. Research limitations/implications: The main limitation of the study is the relatively short observation period and the fact that these phenomena are new and not yet well explored. They therefore require confirmation using more advanced methods. Further research should be focused on an in-depth assessment of the balance of demand growth and its possible decline in various groups of online platform services in subsequent phases of AI development. Social implications: The key implication of the identified effects is the reinstatement of labour demand as separate unstable jobs generated as a result of interaction between new technological solutions, AI and DLP. Originality/value: The likelihood of the reinstatement effect in the area of new technologies was demonstrated, but these new jobs tend to be relatively simple, or even partly physical. This constitutes an important contribution to the verification of the reinstatement effect hypothesis.