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Plasma chemistry in non-equilibrium discharges: discharge physics and applications

Kogelschatz U.

Transactions of the Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery

2007

nr 119

55-64

Non-equilibrium (coid) pIasmas operated at or close to atmospheric pressure have become very important. Recent progress in the operation of corona discharges and dieIectric-barrier discharges and their appIications is discussed. New Iarge-volume appIications include high-power excimer uItraviolet lamps, excimer based fluorescent Iamps and Iarge-area flat pIasma display panels. Novel processes include the treatment of large gas flows for odour and pollution control and the selective functionalization of flat surfaces, fibres, fabrics and powders. Further innovative applications can be expected from the combination of recentIy developed microcavity pIasma devices, DBD operation and microfabrication technologies suited for mass production. Large arrays of parallei miniature non-equilibrium discharges can be operated simuItaneously. If small apertures are used gas can be fed through these microplasmas, thus creating the unique possibility to combine microreactor technology with non-equilibrium plasma chemistry and possibly also catalysis.

Reactions of methane in non-equilibrium plasmas under different process parameter

Schmidt-Szałowski K., Opalińska T., Sentek J.

Polish Journal of Applied Chemistry

2005

Vol. 49, nr 1-2

79-89

The methane conversion into C2 hydrocarbons, carbon black, and hydrogen has been studied under non-equilibrium plasma conditions, using dielectric barrier discharges (DBD) and gliding discharges (GD) at low and medium temperatures at atmospheric pressure. It has been found that ethane is the main product of the filamentary DBD action in the mixtures CH4+Ar and the reaction rate depends mainly on the concentration of high-energy components being able to initiate the chemical transformations of methane. Using GD, two processes are observed: the methane conversion into unsaturated hydrocarbons C2 (mainly acetylene) and into carbon black. The energy density of GD and the methane concentration in initial gas mixtures (CH4+H2 and CH4+Ar) are the main parameters influencing the methane conversion rate and the unit energy consumption.

Reactions of methane in dielectric-barrier discharges

Górska A., Sentek J., Krawczyk K., Schmidt-Szałowski K.

Polish Journal of Applied Chemistry

2005

Vol. 49, nr 1-2

91-100

The reactions of methane under the conditions of barrier discharges were studied in the mixtures: 1) 50% CH4+ 50% Ar, 2) 50%CH4+ 25%CO2+ 25% Ar, and 3) 50%CH4+ 50%CO2, under atmospheric pressure at about 50°C and about 300°C. Besides hydrogen, ethane was the main gaseous product of the reaction, with small additions of ethylene and acetylene. An increase of the overall methane conversion and conversion into C2 hydrocarbons was observed in cases where grains of quartz glass was packed in the discharge gap.