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1

Diatoms (Bacillariophyta) of the world’s highest aquatic environments from the Western Himalayas, India

Pardhi Samadhan, Thiruvalan Thiruvalan, Thacker Mital, Alakananda B., Karthick Balasubramanian

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2023

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Vol. 52, No. 2

172--205

EN

The present study is a preliminary taxonomic surveyof diatom assemblages from one of the highest mountainranges in the Western Himalayas – Ladakh. 37 sampleswere collected from 19 different sampling sites at altitudes ranging from 3100–4552 amsl. The diatom communities were representative of habitats such as lakes, streams, and hot springs from high altitudes. The dominant diatomsare studied using light microscopy and identified using valve morphometrics. The study enlists a total of 74 taxa belonging to 40 genera along with photomicrographic plates. Commonly-found species of high-altitude hot springs habitats were Gogorevia exilis and Denticula thermaloides.Reimeria sinuata, Fragilaria vaucheriae, Gomphonella cf.olivacea, Encyonema ventricosum, Lindavia biswashanti,Diatoma moniliformis, and Denticula valida were commonly occurring species in stream, river and lake habitats. Further analysis and putative novel species from this high-altitude environment will be described in future publications.

2

Marine Microalgae Assemblages of the East Java Coast Based on Sub-Habitats Representatives and their Relationship to the Environmental Factors

Mahmudi Mohammad, Arsad Sulastri, Musa Muhammad, Lusiana Evellin Dewi, Buwono Nanik Retno, Indahwati Analicia Dwi, Irmawati, Sukmaputri Nabilla Artanti, Prasasti Aisyah Lingga, Larasati Alfina Pagita, Sharfina Alma Alifah Syifa', Aldhiya Prayuda Rifqi, Mutiara Rahmi, Putri Septania Gita

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 12

268--281

EN

The East Java coast has biodiversity potential, including microalgae. Microalgae are primary producers for the aquatic ecosystem, whose distribution depends on water quality parameters and sub-habitat characteristics. The purpose of this study was to analyse and identify the microalgae, as well as environmental quality parameters based on sub-habitat characteristics in the northern part of the East Java coast, Indonesia. The research was conducted from March to June 2023. Sample sites were determined using purposive sampling techniques at nine sites located in Gresik, Lamongan, and Tuban coasts. Water samples were collected from various sub-habitats, including the water column, sediments, rocks, mangroves, artificial substrates, macroalgae, and water plants consisting of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and Coontail (Ceratophyllum demersum). The obtained results depicted microalgae found were from Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Chrysophyceae, Coscinodiscophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Dinophyceae, Trebouxiophyceae, and Zygnematophyceae. Bacillariophyceae dominated the community in all sites. The expected outcome of this study is to provide and complete the database of microalgae morphologically based on sub-habitat characteristics, particularly on the north coast of East Java, Indonesia.

3

Upsilococconeis dapalistriata gen. nov. & comb. nov. (Bacillariophyta) : a pantropical marine member of Cocconeidaceae

Riaux-Gobin Catherine, Witkowski Andrzej, Risjani Yenny, Yunianta Yunianta, Berteaux-Lecellier Véronique, Kryk Adrian, Peszek Łukasz, Daniszewska-Kowalczyk Genowefa

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2022

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Vol. 51, No. 1

23--31

EN

Cocconeis dapalistriata, first described as a member of the genus Cocconeis, is re-examined due to its unique ultrastructure. Both valvocopulae of this taxon show significant differences compared to those found in the genus Cocconeis. They are expanded and show some similarities with those found in Amphicocconeis. On the other hand, terminal parts of the raphe valve (RV) in C. dapalistriata are simple and the raphe valve (RV) striae are composed of small round areolae with a hymenate occlusion with radial slits, similar to those observed in Cocconeis. Campyloneis and Xenococconeis also have expanded valvocopulae but with numerous morphological differences compared to those found in C. dapalistriata. Furthermore, the areolae of the sternum valve (SV) in C. dapalistriata are occluded by a concave velum with no apparent internal slits, and externally ornamented with irregular silica crystals. Upsilococconeis Riaux-Gobin, Witkowski & Risjani gen. nov. is proposed to accommodate the latter taxon. First described from the Western Indian Ocean (Mascarenes), it was subsequently listed from the Western Pacific Ocean (Guam), the South Pacific Ocean (French Polynesia and New Caledonia) and from the Eastern Indian Ocean (Indonesia), and thus may qualify as pantropical.

4

Factors responsible for the sudden outburst of Noctiluca scintillans in the Chennai coastal waters, southeast coast of India – a case study

Mishra Pravakar, Begum Mehmuna, Gera Anitha, Kumar B. Charan, Garlapati Deviram, Pradhan Uma Kanta, Vashi Athan, Bandyopadhyay Debasmita, Naik Subrat J., Panda Uma Sankar, Ramana Murthy Mallavarapu Venkata

Oceanologia

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2022

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No. 64 (4)

781--788

EN

The paper discusses the factors associated with the sudden outbreak of the nocturnal heterotrophic bioluminescent dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans along the Chennai coast. The bloom occurred along a stretch of 16 km following a spell of heavy rain in August 2019. The density of N. scintillans varied from 1000 to 19000 cells/L, with a distinguished distribution pattern. High N. scintillans abundance was recorded at Panaiyurkuppam and Kovalam, with 19000 cells/L and 18000 cells/L, recorded respectively. Adequate nutrients brought by substantial rainfall and a high abundance of the diatom Thalassiosira sp. triggered the N. scintillans bloom. The low wind speed (5 m/sec), lowering of atmospheric temperature (from 24.00 to 31.00°C, 27.5 ± 1.17°C), high rainfall (6 mm within one day), and low sea surface temperature (SST) (from 25.20 to 31.00°C, 29.37± 1.17°C) are probable environmental cues. Local hydrodynamics and the diverging currents governed the presence and dispersion of the bloom in the region.

5

3D Ornamentowane zdefiniowane struktury krzemionkowe otrzymane przez okrzemki

Brzozowska Weronika, Wojtczak Izabela, Sprynskyy Myroslav, Buszewski Bogusław

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2021

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T. 100, nr 3

263--267

PL

Zaprezentowano zwięzłą charakterystykę okrzemek z podaniem możliwości ich aplikacji w różnych gałęziach przemysłu.

EN

A review, with 54 refs., of propertions and methods for prod. of SiO₂ structures under lab. and pilot plant conditions.

6

Distribution of Didymosphenia, Gomphonema and Gomphosphenia diatoms (Bacillariophyta) in Turkish inland waters

Solak Cüneyt Nadir, Wojtal Agata Z., Rybak Mateusz, Yılmaz Elif

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2021

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Vol. 50, No. 2

198--219

EN

In this study, a total of 53 taxa were identified from 13 catchments in Turkey. Gomphonema affine var. rhombicum E.Reichardt, G. angusticephalum E.Reichardt & Lange-Bertalot, G. calcifugum Lange-Bertalot & E.Reichardt, G. elegantissimum E.Reichardt & Lange-Bertalot, G. exilissimum (Grunow) Lange-Bertalot & E.Reichardt, G. graciledictum E.Reichardt, G. italicum var. densistriatum Levkov, Mitic-Kopanja & E.Reichardt, G. linearoides Levkov, G. megolobrebissonii D.A.Chudaev, Kociolek & M.A.Golobova, G. minusculum Krasske, G. minutum f. syriacum Lange-Bertalot & Reichardt, G. reediae Levkov, Mitic-Kopanja & E.Reichardt, G. sarcophagus W.Gregory, G. subcapitatum (Grunow) E.Reichardt & Levkov and Gomphosphenia holmquistii (Foged) Lange-Bertalot were recorded for the first time in Turkey. Of the identified taxa, Didymosphenia geminata (Lyngbye) M.Schmidt, Gomphonema acuminatum Ehrenberg, G. affine Kützing, G. angustatum (Kützing) Rabenhorst, G. augur Ehrenberg, G. micropus Kützing, G. minutum (C.Agardh) C.Agardh, G. olivaceum (Hornemann) Brébisson, G. parvulum (Kützing) Kützing and G. truncatum Ehrenberg are common in the waters. G. angustius E.Reichardt, G. insignaffine Reichardt, G. insigne W.Gregory, G. italicum Kützing, G. laticollum E.Reichardt, G. pumilum var. rigidum E.Reichardt & Lange-Bertalot, G. stonei E.Reichardt, G. supertergestinum E.Reichardt and G. vibrio Ehrenberg have been recently recorded from the Turkish waters. The genus Gomphosphenia in Turkey has so far been represented only by G. grovei (M.Schmidt) Lange-Bertalot.

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Characterization of phytoplankton size-structure based productivity, pigment complexes (HPLC/CHEMTAX) and species composition in the Cochin estuary (southwest coast of India) : special emphasis on diatoms

Paul Meenu, Velappan Madhu Nikathithara, Nanappan Ullas, Gopinath Vineetha, Velloth Rehitha Thekkendavida, Rajendran Ashwini, Nair Maheswari, Peariya Anil

Oceanologia

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2021

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No. 63 (4)

463--481

EN

Seasonal studies on size-fractionated phytoplankton productivity (biomass and primary production), marker pigments, and species composition and abundance were carried out in the Cochin estuary (CE), located on the southwest coast of India, to identify the critical environmental factors that control the consistent preponderance of diatoms. The overall results of the study showed a significant contribution of small-sized phytoplankton, specifically nanophytoplankton (2-20 µm), to the total chlorophyll a and primary production in the estuary, regardless of seasons. Diatoms constituted the major phytoplankton taxa, showed an exceptional seasonal scale increase in numerical abundance during the post-southwest monsoon. The relative increase in fucoxanthin (biomarker of diatoms) over other marker pigments substantiated the numerical dominance of diatoms throughout the sampling periods. This is the first study in the CE in which phytoplankton marker pigments have been detected and elucidated the seasonality of functional groups based on HPLC/chemotaxonomy analytical approaches. The prevalence of high DiatDP and diatom chlorophyll a equivalent (estimated by CHEMTAX), further confirmed the preponderance of diatoms in the CE, despite the intermittent dominance of cyanophytes and cryptophytes (monsoon period). The consistent increase in SPM levels (> 25 mg L–1), established at all sampling stations, indicated that the water column turbidity might be one of the significant environmental factors hindering the growth of large-sized phytoplankton (ca. >20 µm) in the CE even if the system invariably holds high inorganic nutrients, irrespective of seasons.

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Early Pliocene calcareous and siliceous microfossils of the Sawai Bay Formation, Car Nicobar Island, northern Indian Ocean

Chakraborty Arindam, Ghosh Amit K., Mccartney Kevin, Saxena Stuti, Dey Rikee, Roy Lopamudra

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2021

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Vol. 71, no. 2

175--198

EN

The present contribution provides a study of calcareous nannofossils and siliceous microfossils from the Sawai Bay Formation on Car Nicobar Island, northern Indian Ocean. Two stratigraphically short sediment intervals near Sawai Bay have been examined. Qualitative and quantitative microfossil analyses show the Sawai Bay ‘A’ Section to be devoid of siliceous microfossils, while 24 well-preserved calcareous nannofossil taxa are identified. The Sawai Bay ‘B’ Section yields 18 calcareous nannofossil, 33 radiolarian and 25 diatom taxa. The calcareous nannofossil index taxa (Ceratolithus armatus Müller, 1974a and C. cristatus Kamptner, 1950) indicate both sections to be from zones NN12 (CN10b) and NN13 (CN10c) of early Pliocene (Zanclean) age. The radiolarian taxa, i.e., Didymocyrtis avita Riedel, 1953, Euchitonia spp., Siphocampe lineata (Ehrenberg) Nigrini, 1977, Stichocorys peregrina Riedel, 1953, Semantis spp. and Stylochlamydium sp. are common in the Sawai Bay ‘B’ Section, which is assigned to Zone RN9. Most of the diatom taxa are represented by rep-resentatives of the genera Actinocyclus Ehrenberg, 1837, Azpeitia Peragallo in Tèmpere and Peragallo, 1912, Coscinodiscus Ehrenberg, 1839a, Grammatophora Ehrenberg, 1841 and Triceratium Ehrenberg, 1839b, with the benthic diatom species Triceratium favus Ehrenberg, 1839b being predominant (~35% of the total diatom count). Siliceous microfossils are also represented by silicoflagellates dominated by Dictyocha spp. and sponge spicules dominated by astrophorids.

9

New records of Navicula sensu stricto from Serbia with taxonomic notes and autecological characterization of Navicula splendicula and N. moskalii

Vidakovic Danijela, Jakovljević Olga, Lazović Vladimir, Šovran Sanja, Krizmanić Jelena

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2020

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Vol. 49, No. 1

56--67

EN

A total of 15 Navicula taxa were recorded in epilithic communities occurring in seven rivers of Serbia, all of which are new to the diatom flora of Serbia. The most interesting of them are N. splendicula and N. moskalii. When observing N. splendicula specimens under SEM, we noticed a characteristic silicate tongue in the center of raphe ends, which had not been previously reported in the available literature. The insufficiently researched distribution of N. moskalii and scarce autecological information on the taxon prompted us to provide new details about the species in this study. These findings clearly indicate the need for further comprehensive research that would provide new information on rare taxa.

10

Vertical distribution of aldehydes and phytoplankton structure : a case study of urban lake

Szeląg-Wasielewska Elżbieta, Dąbrowska Agata

Archives of Environmental Protection

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2020

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Vol. 46, no. 4

95--103

EN

In water systems, both biologically and chemically synthesized molecules may reduce environmental quality and influence essential ecosystems structure and function. These substances include aldehydes from various sources, also those relates to the activities of primary producers. The focus of the study was vertical distribution of several aliphatic aldehydes and phytoplankton biomass in an urban lake in Poznań (Wielkopolska Lakeland, Poland) under human pressure. Water samples were collected from surface lake to bottom, every 2 m. Plankton was analyzed under inverted and epifluorescence microscopes. The biomass was estimated from microscopic measurements and cell volume of each species. Thirteen aldehydes and acetone were analyzed using gas chromatography with an electron capture detector after derivatization and extraction processes. Aldehydes concentrations varied between 32.7 and 346.2 μg L-1. Formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and propanal were characterized by the highest concentration both at low and high phytoplankton biomass. Phytoplankton biomass included prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and ranged between 0.25 and 2.94 mg L-1. Cryptophytes and diatoms were often the most important components of phytoplankton communities, although in some cases the haptophytes and dinophytes comprised a much higher proportion. Total aldehyde concentration was significantly correlated with total phytoplankton biomass (r=0.705, p <0.05), and even higher correlation was observed between acetone and phytoplankton biomass (r=0.917). This indicates phytoplankton as an important source of carbonyl compounds in surface waters. Thus, the knowledge of different aspects of their origin and distribution in the lake is important both in ecological research and in water management.

PL

W systemach wodnych, zarówno biologicznie jak i chemicznie syntetyzowane cząsteczki mogą obniżać jakość środowiska i wpływać istotnie na strukturę i funkcjonowanie ekosystemów. Substancje te obejmują aldehydy pochodzące z różnych źródeł, również te związane z aktywnością producentów pierwotnych. Przedmiotem badań było rozpoznanie pionowego rozmieszczenia kilku aldehydów alifatycznych i biomasy fitoplanktonu w jeziorze miejskim w Poznaniu (Pojezierze Wielkopolskie, Polska) znajdującym się pod presją człowieka. Próbki wody pobierano od powierzchni jeziora do dna, co 2 m. Plankton analizowano pod mikroskopem odwróconym i epifluorescencyjnym. Biomasę oszacowano na podstawie pomiarów mikroskopowych i objętości komórek każdego gatunku. Trzynaście aldehydów i aceton analizowano za pomocą chromatografii gazowej z detektorem wychwytującym elektrony po procesach derywatyzacji i ekstrakcji. Stężenia aldehydów wahały się od 32,7 do 346,2 μg L-1. Formaldehyd, aldehyd octowy i propanal charakteryzowały się największym stężeniem zarówno przy niskiej, jak i wysokiej biomasie fitoplanktonu. Biomasa fitoplanktonu obejmowała komórki prokariotyczne i eukariotyczne i mieściła się w przedziale od 0,25 do 2,94 mg L-1. Kryptofity i okrzemki były często najważniejszymi składnikami zbiorowisk fitoplanktonu, choć w niektórych przypadkach większy udział miały haptofity i dinofity. Ogólne stężenie aldehydów było istotnie skorelowane z całkowitą biomasą fitoplanktonu (r=0,705, p <0,05), przy czym jeszcze silniejszą korelację zaobserwowano między acetonem i biomasą fitoplanktonu (r=0,917). Wskazuje to na fitoplankton jako ważne źródło związków karbonylowych w wodach powierzchniowych. Tym samym wiedza o różnych aspektach ich pochodzenia i rozmieszczenia w jeziorze jest ważna zarówno podczas badań ekologicznych, jak i w gospodarce wodnej.

11

New and interesting Luticola species (Bacillariophyta) from the mangroves of Nosy Be Island, NW Madagascar

Bąk Małgorzata, Kryk Adrian, Peszek Łukasz, Kociolek John P., Bemiasa John, Bemanaja Etienne

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2019

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Vol. 48, No. 1

13--22

EN

Madagascar is an isolated island characterized by a high degree of endemism at all taxonomic levels. Diatom assemblages of the region are still poorly known and sporadic sampling events in various habitats (e.g. lagoons, mangroves) have revealed a large number of taxa that could not be identified. This study presents detailed descriptions of two new species of Luticola: L. nosybeana and L. madagascarensis, collected from mangrove roots on Nosy Be Island. Comparisons with the described congeners showed that the density of striae in Luticola nosybeana is higher than that in L. belawanensis and proximal raphe endings terminate as irregular, shallow grooves. Luticola madagascarensis differs from L. similis in the shape of proximal raphe endings, which are short and expanded in the latter, while continue with irregular, shallow, elongated L-shaped grooves in L. madagascarensis. Luticola nosybeana and L. madagascarensis can be distinguished under a light microscope by the shape of the central area (bow-tie shaped in L. madagascarensis and deltoid in L. nosybeana) and isolated pores (robust and well visible in L. madagascarensis, poorly discernible in L. nosybeana). The two new species are unique in their habitat preferences: while all known congeners are freshwater, the new species inhabit estuarine mangroves.

12

First new record of two diatoms (Caloneis africana (Giffen) Stidolph and Luticola nivalis (Ehrenberg) D. G. Mann) from South West Coast of India (Cochin backwaters)

Joseph Geo, Francis Mannancheril Sebastian

Oceanologia

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2019

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No. 61 (3)

395--399

EN

The main objective of this paper is to report two diatoms (Caloneis africana (Giffen) Stidolph and Luticola nivalis (Ehrenberg) D. G. Mann) from Cochin backwaters, which prove to be a new finding from Indian waters. Surface water samples were collected monthly from twelve stations covering the ecosystem from May 2015 to April 2016. The analysis of physicochemical parameters and the preparation of permanent slides of diatoms were performed based on standard procedures. Descriptions, world distribution and photographs of the two diatoms are included in this paper. These two new species further enrich the diatom floristic diversity of Cochin backwaters in India.

13

The Application of Benthic Diatoms in Water Quality Assessment in Lepenci River Basin, Kosovo

Bytyçi Pajtim, Ymeri Prespa, Czikkely Marton, Fetoshi Osman, Shala-Abazi Albona, Ismaili Murtezan, Ramshaj Qëndrim, Millaku Fadil

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 20, nr 11

43--57

EN

During the study on the assessment of ecological status of the Lepenci river basin, epilithic diatoms were used. Via this methodology, the authors aimed to standardization the ecological assessment methodology and gradually make it applicable for all river basins of Kosovo. The authors relied on a hypothesis that the epilithic diatom communities can serve as a reliable ecological tool to evaluate the quality of flowing waters in Kosovo. Thirteen water quality indices (IBD, IPS, IDG, DESCY, SLA, IDSE, IDAP, EPID, CEE, WAT, TDI, IDP and SHE) were measured in eight sample-points. From the conducted qualitative analysis, the obtained results showed that the water quality varies from upper parts of the basin (SP1, SP2, SP3 & SP4) characterized with higher water quality towards the lower parts (SP5, SP6 & SP7) where water quality was of the 2nd class and finally in Hani i Elezit (SP8) where the index values showed that its water belongs to the 3rd class. The samples were taken in to 8 sampling sites, in river during year (2017), the Navicula viridula species was the most dominant, along with Cocconeis placentula var. lineate and Diatoma vulgaris. In turn, between August and end of September, the following species were dominant ones: Craticula ambigua, Navicula hintzii, Navicula viridula and Rhoicosphenia abbreviata.

14

Last two millennia water level changes of the Młynek Lake (northern Poland) inferred from diatoms and chrysophyte cysts record

Zalat A., Welc F., Nitychoruk J., Marks L., Chodyka M., Zbucki Ł.

Studia Quaternaria

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2018

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Vol. 35, Nr 2

77--89

EN

A sediment core, 350 cm long recovered from Młynek Lake, northern of Poland (Warmia and Masuria Region) was analyzed with respect to their content of diatoms and chrysophyte cysts. The aim was to reconstruct the lake water level and climatic changes during the past 2500 years. The recognized diatom assemblages displayed marked floristic changes along the sediment core samples. The main change in diatom composition consists of a shift from an assemblage dominated by benthic Fragilaria sensu lato species through marked intervals to a planktonic one in distinct zones. A high proportion of benthic to plankton taxa has been reported as indicative for a lowering of the lake level with long ice cover in a cold dry climate and a shift from benthic to planktonic diatom taxa reflects arising water level with longest growing season and reduced ice cover on the lake during a warm wet climate. Multivariate statistical analysis included hierarchical ascending clustering distinguished four diatom ecological groups. The analyzed core section was divided into 11 diatom zones according to a distribution of ecological groups and variation in abundance of dominant species supported by 14C data. The results displayed a developmental history of the Młynek Lake that can be divided into 6 main phases of alternating warm wet and cold dry shifts. A distinct dominance of planktonic eutrophic indicator diatoms accompanied by a low abundance of chrysophyte cysts indicates increased lake trophicity and a general trend for the increasing anthropogenic impact.

15

Short-term changes in phytoplankton assemblages and their potential for heavy metal bioaccumulation : a laboratory study

Hussian A. E. M., Abd El-Monem A. M., Napiórkowska-Krzebietke A., Flefil N. S.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2018

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Vol. 47, No. 3

260--274

EN

This study focused on phytoplankton changes in polluted waters of Lake Manzala and the assessment of heavy metal bioaccumulation capacity during the 15-day laboratory experiment. Phytoplankton samples were analyzed every day and the concentration of zinc, iron and lead in water, in phytoplankton and in filtrate – every fifth day of the experiment. Significantly higher phytoplankton abundance was recorded in water from the El-Boom station (basin I) compared to the New Bahr El-Baqar drain (basin II), followed by distinct differences in its composition and chlorophyll content. However, the most abundant species were the same in both basins, i.e. Chroococcus minor, Microcystis aeruginosa, Actinoptychus octonarius, Aulacoseira granulata, Pantocsekiella ocellata, Kirchneriella obesa and Nephrocytium limneticum. Water in basin I was more polluted with heavy metals compared to basin II. Basin I was characterized by the dominance of cyanobacteria and high relative abundance of chlorophytes compared to basin II, where either cyanobacteria and/or diatoms dominated in the phytoplankton. In the former basin, the highest uptake factors (UFs) were recorded for iron and zinc and the lowest UF for lead. In basin II, the highest UF was determined for zinc, but relatively high UFs were recorded also for iron and lead. The presented results suggest that phytoplankton can contribute to natural biosorbents of heavy metals in Egyptian lakes.

16

Rare calciphilous diatoms from the genus Gomphonema (Bacillariophyta) in lotic waters of SE Poland

Noga T., Poradowska A., Peszek Ł., Rybak M.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2018

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Vol. 47, No. 1

27--40

EN

The aim of this work was to present a morphological description and ecological characteristics of a rare species from the Gomphonema genus, occurring in calcium-rich waters, along with its new occurrence sites. The research was carried out in flowing waters of mountain and sub-mountain streams and rivers in Poland: the Wołosaty, the Wisłoka, the San and their tributaries. The occurrence of many rare and new to Polish flora species from the genus Gomphonema was recorded: G. cuneolus E. Reichardt, G. drutelingense E. Reichardt, G. innocens E. Reichardt,G. lateripunctatum E. Reichardt & Lange-Bertalot, G. lippertii E. Reichardt & Lange-Bertalot and G. calcifugum Lange-Bertalot & E. Reichardt. These species occur mostly in alkaline or close-to-neutral waters with medium or low electrolytic conductivity (78–530 μS cm-1), low nutrient content and medium-to-high calcium ion content (12.4–76.4 mg l-1). Despite the rare occurrence in other parts of the world, the studied Gomphonema species has found favorable conditions in unpolluted and calcium-rich stream beds with flysch strata. The literature data define G. calcifugum as a non-calciphilous species, but this study shows that it can develop in a wide pH range and in calcium-rich waters.

17

Diatom record of progressive anthropopressure in the Gulf of Gdańsk and the Vistula Lagoon

Witak M., Pędziński J.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2018

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Vol. 47, No. 2

167--180

EN

This study describes the subfossil diatom flora in the surface sediments of the Polish coastal waters in relation to human impact. The material studied consists of the uppermost parts of seven sediment cores collected from the SW Gulf of Gdańsk and eight cores from the Vistula Lagoon. Our results show the present-day ecological state of both basins just before the planned construction of a navigable channel of the Vistula Spit, which will be the next factor affecting their hydrology. In different parts of the Gulf of Gdańsk, cultural eutrophication resulted in a distinct “anthropogenic assemblage” in the surface sediments. Its structure relates directly to the distance from the mouth of the Vistula River. In the surface assemblages of the Vistula Lagoon, the number of salt-tolerant diatoms increased with the salinity of the basin. Locally, a large number of pollution-resistant taxa was also observed.

18

Diatom biomonitoring : scientific foundations, commonly discussed issues and frequently made errors

Szczepocka E., Żelazna-Wieczorek J.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2018

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Vol. 47, No. 3

313--325

EN

Contemporary assessment of the ecological status of aquatic ecosystems is based on various groups of organisms, including diatoms. Biological assessment, implemented by the Water Framework Directive, has been applied worldwide for more than 15 years. Currently, the most basic “tool” used in biomonitoring are diatom indices, which are routinely applied in Europe and other countries around the world. In Poland, the diatom indices have been used for over 5 years, which is a period of time allowing to summarize and evaluate the effectiveness of these methods in the assessment of aquatic ecosystems. The purpose of this work was to analyse the use of diatom indices in the biomonitoring of surface water by collecting data on the possibilities and limitations of using diatom indices for the objective assessment of water quality. Attention was paid to mistakes made in the course of biological assessment performed with the use of diatom phytobenthos, which have a significant impact on the obtained results. The paper also contains suggestions for introducing several important changes in biological monitoring, which will improve its quality and efficiency in assessing the ecological status of various aquatic ecosystems.

19

Live autochthonous benthic diatoms on the lower depths of Arctic continental shelf. Preliminary results

Druzhkova E., Oleinik A., Makarevich P.

Oceanologia

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2018

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No. 60 (1)

97--100

EN

An autochthonous community of benthic diatoms was discovered in June 2015 in the upper sediment layer at depths of 170, 205, and 245 m in the central Barents Sea. At least three benthic microalgae species (Gyrosigma fasciola, Pleurosigma angulatum, and Pleurosigma sp. 1) were detected in the sediment but not the upper water column. Analyses revealed that these benthic microalgae represent a depleted fragment of Arctic littoral microphytobenthos. Compared with the littoral flora, the deep-water assemblage is less diverse and displays low abundance. The data reported here challenge the generally accepted belief that the presence of certain microalgae at significant depths results from vertical or horizontal transfer.

20

The Aerophytic Diatom Assemblages Developed on Mosses Covering the Bark of Populus alba L.

Rybak M., Noga T., Zubel R.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 19, nr 6

113--123

EN

The study was conducted in an old, historical park, in the northern part of Stalowa Wola city (south-eastern Poland). The aim of the study was to investigate the diversity of moss-inhabiting diatoms of the white poplar (Populus alba L.) bark. During the study, a total of 47 diatom taxa were found, three out of which were considered as dominant. Three other species are mentioned in the Red List of the Algae in Poland: Achnanthes coarctata (Brébisson) Grunow, Luticola acidoclinata Lange-Bertalot and Stauroneis thermicola (Petersen) Lund. For three species: Luticola sparsipunctata Levkov, Metzeltin & Pavlov, L. vanheurckii Van de Vijver & Levkov and Hantzschia subrupestris Lange-Bertalot, this is the first report from Poland.