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PL
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki prac nad budową doświadczalnego stanowiska pomiarowego do wyznaczania średnic kół kolejowych zestawów kołowych będących w ruchu.
EN
Actual state of research of new experimental stand is presented in the paper. A stand was built to verify of new measuring units for estimation of wheel axle set diameter. Measurements must be done during movement of rail cars. That fact makes measuring of diameter very difficult. Past works of Department of Machine Technology were focused on methodology of signal processing for estimation of diameter of measured objects. New stand gives possibility to verify that methodology.
EN
Natural wear of wheel's tracks in use is one of most important phenomena of rail transportation. The progress of wheel track wear is slow. Wheel wear process is more or less intensive, depending on many factors, i.e. rail curves, breaking conditions, startup conditions of tracks (e.g. wheel skid), truck velocity and loading. Wear type can vary in a wide range of patterns, e.g. flat places of high local hardness may occur during breaking skid. It can be stated that the natural wheel wear invokes various shape errors of a wheel, called circular errors. In the example of rail tracks, circular errors can cause additional dynamic forces to occur at contact area between rails and wheels. It causes the increase in both noise and vibrations, what leads to uncomfortable transportation. Over past several years, the role of circular errors is still more significant as the speed of trains increases. There are so-called fast-moving trains, driven at speed up to 300 km/h. In such cases excessive circular errors can be very dangerous from point of view of transportation security regulations. Circular errors and differences in axle set wheels are criteria to qualify the axle set to regeneration process. Regeneration process of worn wheels of a truck performs on special machine tools. The axle sets very often need to be disassembled before machining begins. The disassembly process is not only very expensive but also time-consuming as the worn wheels are excluded from use for a long time period. Thus, the decision about axle set regeneration is very important. If it's taken prematurely, it can he unprofitable, from the other side if it's undertaken too late, it can be simply dangerous. The best criterion for the problem of decision making is to identify the actual stale of a wheel track. The publication presents a new method of both shape and diameter evaluation of wheel sets in motion. The method is very simple in comparison to currently used laser-based ones. The new method is based on measurement of distances between the wheel track and a rail with conventional induction sensors placed along the rail. The method allows measurements of both wheel diameter as well as circular errors. The correctness of the method has to be verified experimentally. Experimental results have been compared to computer simulation results. The method seems to be more precise than existing one (eg. laser-based ones.). Verified method stands for a base to build a prototype measuring stand for industrial purposes.
PL
Nowa metoda identyfikacji średnic została opracowana w celu dokładnej oceny zestawów kołowych pojazdów szynowych. Przedstawiono ogólne założenia metody oraz wstępne wyniki weryfikacji doświadczalnej.
EN
New method of wheel sets diameter identification at movement was developed to increase accuracy of measuring process. Paper describes main assumptions of new method, construction of measuring stand and obtained results.
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