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EN
Purpose: Verification of the hypothesis that process feedback is one of the key tools supporting managers in effective management through communication. Design/methodology/approach: The aim of the survey is to indicate the actual indicators of the functioning and effectiveness of process feedback in the workplace. The survey started on September 13, 2022. until October 15, 2022. The research was carried out using a questionnaire that was available on Google Drive in the form manager. The research questionnaire contained 37 questions. Findings: The assumed hypothesis has been confirmed. Based on the research, it was found that the ability to work with feedback requires significant improvement. Employees’ expectations towards managerial competences in this area are not reality, which means that the management, despite knowing the rules of the feedback, leaves too much space for intuitive actions. Research limitations/implications: The research was carried out in one of chemical companies, which agreed to condusct the research but reserved anonymity. It is recommended to conduct research in the analyzed topic with the wider scope, as well as covering other industries. Practical implications: It is recommended to implement process feedback in organizations in chemical enterprises, combined with training of managerial staff and their subordinates. Originality/value: The research proves that although feedback is one of the key tool supporting managers, only the process approach to feedback supports effective management by communication. The series of specific actions, as an organized and logical process, involves the sender and the recipient equally.
PL
W ostatnich kilkudziesięciu latach na świecie, a zwłaszcza w krajach Unii Europejskiej, rośnie zapotrzebowanie na autentyczny udział obywateli w życiu publicznym i podejmowaniu decyzji, m.in. w zakresie zrównoważonego rozwoju. Coraz większą uwagę zwraca się na poziom zaangażowania i formy aktywności obywateli w rozwiązaniach opartych na zasobach przyrody (ang. nature-based solution, NBS) – definiowanych przez Komisję Europejską jako opłacalne (wydajne ekonomicznie), dostarczające równocześnie korzyści natury ekologicznej, ekonomicznej i społecznej, a także wspierające adaptację do zmian klimatu.
3
Content available remote Ekumenizm pogranicza w architekturze i sztuce świątyni - dawniej i dziś
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wybrane przykłady interakcji między architekturą, ikonografią chrześcijańską a teologią we współczesnej ortodoksyjnej, greckokatolickiej, rzymskokatolickiej i ewangelickiej architekturze sakralnej zbudowanej po II wojnie światowej w Polsce. Ukazano proces ewolucji tradycyjnych konwencji architektonicznych i ikonograficznych. Ujawniono problemy sztuki oraz jej nowe, istotne aspekty ideologiczne natury symbolicznej i liturgicznej. Przykłady współczesnych świątyń dowodzą odwrócenia separacyjnych tendencji chrześcijańskich Kościołów i kultur, co jest nie tylko symptomem wzajemnego dialogu, wymiany idei, wartości i różnych form kultu, lecz także symptomem potwierdzającym autentyczną wolę ekumenicznej jedności w sztuce. Przykłady te reprezentują architekturę pogranicza kulturowego. Są one próbą syntezy sztuki chrześcijańskiego Zachodu i Wschodu. Sztuka przez wieki swojej historii na ziemi pokonała olbrzymią drogę, zarówno w czasie, jak i w przestrzeni. Ciągle ją pokonuje. Jest wyrazem kultu. Stanowi świadectwo Wcielenia i misterium obecności. Prowadzi do przebóstwienia i do Zbawienia.
EN
This paper presents selected examples of interaction between architecture, iconography and theology in contemporary Orthodox, Greek- and Roman-catholic and Evangelic sacred architecture built after World War II period in Poland. It also shows the process of evolution of traditional spatial and functional structures and applications of new iconography conventions in the Christian temples. It covers problems in art as well as new essential ideological aspects of symbolic and liturgical nature. Examples of modern churches seem to prove separation tendencies of Christian Churches and cultures are now being reversed, which is not only a symptom of mutual dialogue, exchange of ideas, values and different forms of worship, a symptom confirming an authentic will of ecumenical unity in art. Those examples are representative for the architecture of cultural borderland, which attempts to synthesize both Western and Eastern Christian art. The art through ages of its history on earth has journeyed a long way, both through time and through space. It still does. It is an object of cult. It is a testimony of Incarnation and the mystery play of presence. It is the path to salvation.
EN
Purpose: The article aims to present possible means of residents’ participation in a city’s development as well as to identify selected areas of such activity, on the example of the city of Rzeszów. Methodology: The article employs critical analysis of the literature on the subject and the case study method. Findings: Interaction between a territorial unit and its residents can, in the Author's opinion, be developed and strengthened with the use of the DART model proposed by Prahalad and V. Ramaswama. Based on its assumptions, four basic elements of the model were adapted in the theoretical for the needs of a territorial unit: Dialogue, Access, Transparancy, Risk Assessment. Empirical verification, based on the example of Rzeszów, allows a conclusion that various forms of a dialogue with residents, transparency and timeliness of the information transfer, and the city's openness to new forms of contact with its residents fit into the assumptions of the DART model. Practical implications: In addition to the traditional forms of utilizing the Rzeszów residents’ potential, such as public consultations or participatory budgeting, Urban Lab, which has been operating in Rzeszów since 2019, is another important instrument enabling residents’ participation in the city's development. Urban Lab is a modern cooperation platform available to everyone who wants to change something and set directions for the city's future development, by sharing ideas, exchanging thoughts and views. Residents can participate in the projects implemented that are addressed to various target groups, listen to experts’ opinions, as well as formulate questions and express their own opinions and suggestions publicly. Originality: Various modes in which Urban Lab can be applied as a form of residents’ involvement in a city's development have been presented, which, based on the example of Gdynia and Rzeszów, should be an incentive for other cities to launch this type of initiatives enabling the use of local community’s potential.
5
Content available remote Contextualism of architecture in Warmia and Mazury
EN
When discussing the issue of the context of architecture, it is important to pay attention to the possibilities of impact and connections between the building and is surroundings. Some buildings are connected with the area in terms of functionality, others in terms of history and others in terms of nature. Different styles of finishes, materials or forms directly affect the dialogue between the architecture and nature. This issue is worth discussing in more detail in order to understand the reasons why the architecture of Warmia and Mazury stands out among other regions of Poland. What makes its unique finishes co-create some of the most picturesque landscapes in Poland?
PL
Omawiając zagadnienie kontekstu architektury, należy zwrócić uwagę na możliwości oddziaływań i powiązań budynku z otoczeniem. Niektóre budynki są związane z terenem pod względem funkcjonalnym, inne historycznym, a inne przyrodniczym. Różne style wykończeń, materiały czy formy oddziałują bezpośrednio na dialog architektury z naturą. Zagadnieniu temu warto się bliżej przyjrzeć w celu zrozumienia, dlaczego akurat na obszarze Warmii i Mazur architektura wyróżnia się na tle innych regionów polski. Co sprawia, że jej niepowtarzalne wykończenia współtworzą jedne z najbardziej malowniczych krajobrazów w Polsce?
EN
This paper presents selected examples of interaction between architecture, iconography and theology in contemporary Orthodox, Greek- and Roman Catholic religious architecture built after the World War II period in Poland. It also shows the process of the evolution of traditional spatial and functional structures and applications of new iconography conventions in Christian temples. It covers problems in art as well as new essential ideological aspects of a symbological and liturgical nature. Examples of modern churches seem to prove that the separatist tendencies of Christian Churches and cultures are now being reversed; this is not only an outcome of mutual dialogue, exchange of ideas, values and different forms of worship, but it also confirms the authentic will of ecumenical unity in art. These examples are representative of the architecture of the cultural borderland, which attempts to synthesise both Western and Eastern Christian art.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wybrane przykłady interakcji między architekturą, ikonografią chrześcijańską a teologią we współczesnej ortodoksyjnej, greckokatolickiej i rzymskokatolickiej architekturze sakralnej, zbudowanej po II wojnie światowej w Polsce. Ukazano proces ewolucji tradycyjnych konwencji architektonicznych i ikonograficznych. Ujawniono problemy sztuki oraz jej nowe, istotne aspekty ideologiczne natury symbologicznej i liturgicznej. Przykłady współczesnych świątyń dowodzą odwrócenia separacyjnych tendencji chrześcijańskich Kościołów i kultur, co jest nie tylko symptomem wzajemnego dialogu, wymiany idei, wartości i różnych form kultu, lecz także symptomem potwierdzającym autentyczną wolę ekumenicznej jedności w sztuce. Przykłady te reprezentują architekturę pogranicza kulturowego i są próbą syntezy sztuki chrześcijańskiego Zachodu i Wschodu.
PL
Karol Borowiecki, Maks Baum i Moryc Welt – Polak, Niemiec i Żyd, czyli bohaterowie „Ziemi Obiecanej” – ucieleśniają nawarstwienie kultur, jakie tworzyły Łódź już od XVIII wieku. Obecnie miasto stawia czoło tematom przywracania pamięci o dawnych mieszkańcach. Coroczny Festiwal Dialogu Czterech Kultur, rewitalizacja miejsc zagłady, czy tworzenie nowych przestrzeni pamięci jak Park Ocalonych, Park im. Szarych Szeregów to tylko kilka spośród działań nawiązujących dialog z przeszłością, aktywizujących przestrzeń współczesną. W krajobrazie Bałut, jednej z dzielnic Łodzi, widać połączenie niespełnionego snu o rewolucji urbanistycznej i przebłysków minionej tożsamości miasta Litzmannstadt, które stwarza szansę przestrzeniom zielonym, by stały się ich spoiwem. Autorka bada zależność między miejscami pamięci, a przestrzeniami zielonymi w krajobrazie Bałut pod kątem kompozycji jako narzędzia narracyjnego w przestrzeni.
EN
Karol Borowiecki, Maks Baum and Moryc Welt - a Pole, a German and a Jew - the heroes of “The Promised Land” - embody the layering of cultures that have been forming Łódź already since the eighteenth century. The city is currently facing subjects of restoring the memory of its past inhabitants. The yearly Łódź of Four Cultures Festival, the revitalisation of sites of genocide or the establishment of new memorial sites like Survivors’ Park and Grey Ranks Park are but a few of the efforts that initiate dialogue with the past and that activate contemporary space. In the landscape of Bałuty, one of the districts of Łódź, we can see a combination of the unrealised dream of an urban planning revolution and glimpses of the past identity of the city of Litzmannstadt, which gives a chance for green areas to become their binding element. The author studied the dependency between memorial sites and green spaces in the landscape of Bałuty in terms of composition as a narrative tool within space.
EN
Dialogical games as introduced by Lorenzen and Lorenz describe a reasoning technique for intuitionistic and classical predicate logic: two players (proponent and opponent) argue about the validity of a given formula according to predefined rules. If the proponent has a winning strategy then the formula is proven to be valid. The underlying game rules can be modified to have an impact on proof search strategies and increase the efficiency of such a searching process. In this paper, a multi-agent version of dialogical logic is introduced that corresponds more to multiconclusion sequent calculi for propositional intuitionistic logic rather than single-conclusion ones which are more related to two-player dialogues. We also consider an extension for the normal modal logic S4. The rules lead us to a normalization of a proof, let us focus on the proponents' relevant decisions, and therefore give explicit directives that increase compactness of the proofsearching process. This allows us to perform parts of the proof in a parallel way. We prove soundness and completeness of these multi-agent systems.
9
Content available remote Dialogue in Hierarchical Learning of Concept using Prototypes and Counterexamples
EN
This paper is an attempt to introduce a notion of dialogue among different agents, e.g. a user or situation descriptor and an information provider or machine, to better understand a user’s need of information. When a user describes a concept through some keywords first the system needs to choose the relevant attributes for initiating the search. Regarding this, a series of dialogues may help the system to better understand the user’s language of expresssion. After fixing the relevant attributes, the system needs to look at its repertoire of positive and negative cases of different concepts characterized with respect to this set of attributes. Then through a step-by-step process of matching and comparing similarity of user’s described situation with those positive and negative cases of a concept, incorporating several layers of dialogue, the system may provide information closer to the user’s need. The target of this paper is to develop a theoretical model, incorporating the above features, for characterizing one’s concern of concept based on dialogue and similarity based reasoning.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia istotę zjawiska dialogu w klastrach. Dialog, będący podstawą komunikacji międzyludzkiej, został ukazany w perspektywie podejścia sieciowego w zarządzaniu strategicznym. W artykule zaprezentowano również użyteczność podejścia fenomenologicznego dla analizy zjawisk sieciowych w klastrach oraz sformułowano zasady dialogu, które stosowane w praktyce przyczyniają się do wzrostu racjonalności podejmowanych działań w sieciach i klastrach. Przedstawione przykłady praktyczne prowadzonego dialogu dotyczą pięciu wybranych klastrów kreatywnych działających w Polsce.
EN
In the paper the essence of dialogue in the cluster have been presented. Dialogue, underlying human communication, have been shown from the perspective of network approach in strategic management. The paper also includes discussion of the usefulness of phenomenological approach for analysis of phenomenon in networks. The author formulated rules of dialogue that determine the rationality of undertaken activities. Presented cases of conducted dialogue consider five chosen creative clusters in Poland.
11
Content available Dialog w „ludzkiej ekologii” papieża Franciszka
PL
W prezentowanym artykule autorka omawia rolę dialogu w „ludzkiej ekologii” przedstawionej w encyklice papieża Franciszka „Laudato si’”. Dialog prowadzony na różnych poziomach pozwala uniknąć samodestrukcji, będącej konsekwencją globalnych zmian, a także może doprowadzić do osiągnięcie pełni człowieczeństwa.
EN
In this article the author discusses the role of the dialogue in the human ecology of the new encyclical of Pope Francis “On Care for Our Common Home”. The dialogue on different levels can help us work against the destruction of the planet we inhabit and achieve the full development of humanity.
12
Content available remote Dialog jako propozycja pokonywania barier w komunikowaniu CSR
PL
Społeczna odpowiedzialność przedsiębiorstw (CSR ang. Corporate Social Responsibility) popularyzowana jest w Polsce od lat 90. XX wieku. Choć nie jest ideą zupełnie nową, to nadal towarzyszy jej wiele wątpliwości i pytań. Część z nich związana jest ze sposobem komunikowania o działalności społecznie odpowiedzialnej przez organizacje. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest podkreślenie roli dialogu w dotarciu z komunikatem o społecznej odpowiedzialności do odbiorcy i zaangażowaniu go w ten sposób w praktyki CSR. W artykule zostały przedstawione wybrane błędy popełniane przez organizacje komunikujące działania społecznie odpowiedzialne, opisano również rolę dialogu, jako formy komunikowania związanej z najwyższym stopniem rozwoju CSR w organizacji. Problematykę wzbogacono przykładami sposobów komunikowania społecznej odpowiedzialności przez dwa dyskonty: Biedronkę i Lidl. W tym celu wykorzystana została analiza literatury i badania własne.
EN
The idea of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has been popularized in Poland since the 90s of the twentieth century. Although it is not a new idea, it is still accompanied by many doubts and questions. Some of them are associated with a way to communicate the activities of socially responsible organizations. The purpose of this article is to highlight the role of dialogue to reach with the message of social responsibility and commitment to the customer it in this way in CSR. This article presents selected mistakes made by organizations that communicate socially responsible, it described the role of dialogue as a form of communication associated with the highest level of development of CSR in the organization. The issue of enriched examples of ways to communicate social responsibility through two discount stores Biedronka and Lidl. For this purpose, is used the analysis of literature and own research.
13
Content available remote Architectural drawing as a means of communication
EN
Drawing is the most natural way of recording a piece of architectural work. One line depicting the building has a huge narrative potential and that one line can communicate more and much more thoroughly than whole loads of paper full of verbal description, or than even the most suggestive pantomimic show. In my opinion, an architectural drawing is for architecture what musical notation system is for a musical work. It is a code that enables to move a piece of work in time and space. It tells about the architecture beyond linguistic barriers.
PL
Najbardziej naturalnym sposobem zapisu dzieła architektury jest rysunek. Rysunek przedstawiający budowlę posiada ogromny potencjał narracyjny. Jedna linia potrafi przekazać więcej i dokładniej niż całe strony słownego opisu lub najbardziej sugestywny pokaz pantomimiczny. Rysunek jest dla architektury tym czym zapis nutowy dla muzyki. Jest kodem o mocy przenoszenia dzieła w przestrzeni i czasie, potrafi opowiedzieć o architekturze ponad barierami językowymi.
14
Content available remote Identification of Formal Fallacies in a Natural Dialogue
EN
This paper is a continuation of the work [26] in which the LND dialogue system was proposed. LND reconstructs the dialogical logic introduced by Lorenzen using the terminology of persuasion dialogue games as specified by Prakken [18]. The aim of the LND system is to recognize formal fallacies in natural dialogues and remove them. Now we extend this system to include a new protocol enabling the reconstruction of natural dialogues in which parties can commit formal fallacies. We then present the implementation of the protocols applied.
EN
The article aims at presenting the public communication programme based on civic participation model, which deals with shale gas exploration and extraction, "Together about shale gas". The programme was prepared on the initiative of the Marshal of the Pomorskie Voivodeship and is going to be implemented on the area of three voivodeships of northern Poland. As stated in the article, the programme constitutes an innovative and pioneer undertaking on the Polish ground, which pertains to the issue of public communication and decision-making when implementing controversial infrastructure investments. The first part of the article outlines the challenges that the communication measures will have to face in the area of Pomorskie voivodeship and key actions implemented so far. The next chapter constitutes a sociological diagnosis ofthe situation related to the public reactions to shale gas exploration. Further on the article lists the main assumptions and solutions within the scope of public communication and public conflict management, which form grounds for the "Together about shale gas" programme. The key part of the text presents the most important elements of the programme and how they were implemented.
EN
In this article we showcase the communication initiatives implemented by Polish Oil and Gas Company (PGNiG) as part of the ongoing social dialogue with its stakeholders about its exploration for shale gas. The Company's objectives here are facilitated by an array of communication tools, including open workshops, road shows and residents meetings in areas covered by the Company's exploration projects, as well as study visits to drilling sites and information and education campaigns in both local and nationwide media. Other tools employed by the Company to educate the public on the subject include the dedicated website at www.lupkipolskie.pl and a regular newsletter sent out to subscribers, intended as publicly accessible sources of easy-to-understand information on shale gas. The present article ends with a summary of the findings of a survey, conducted at PGNiG request by an independent research institute, which sheds light on the shift in perception of shale gas production by the inhabitants of areas where production projects might actually be launched.
EN
The article presents the results of research conducted among representatives of self-governments and partners of the Self-government of the Pomorskie Voivodeship at the background of the opinion of residents of the Pomerania region and the rest of the country. The research has been performed on the initiative of the Marshal of the Pomorskie Voivodeship at the turn of 2012 and 2013. The results point to a significant support for shale gas exploration in the Pomorskie Voivodeship and considerable expectations as it comes to benefits for gminas/poviats/residents related thereto. It is also clear that close cooperation between all stakeholders, dialogue and education are necessary elements in the process.
18
Content available remote Proving Propositional Tautologies in a Natural Dialogue
EN
The paper proposes a dialogue system LND which brings together and unifies two traditions in studying dialogue as a game: the dialogical logic introduced by Lorenzen; and persuasion dialogue games as specified by Prakken. The first approach allows the representation of formal dialogues in which the validity of argument is the topic discussed. The second tradition has focused on natural dialogues examining, e.g., informal fallacies typical in real-life communication. Our goal is to unite these two approaches in order to allow communicating agents to benefit from the advantages of both, i.e., to equip them with the ability not only to persuade each other about facts, but also to prove that a formula used in an argument is a classical propositional tautology. To this end, we propose a new description of the dialogical logic which meets the requirements of Prakken's generic specification for natural dialogues, and we introduce rules allowing to embed a formal dialogue in a natural one. We also show the correspondence result between the original and the new version of the dialogical logic, i.e., we show that a winning strategy for a proponent in the original version of the dialogical logic means a winning strategy for a proponent in the new version, and conversely.
EN
Filled pauses (FPs) have proved to be more than valuable cues to speech production processes and important units in discourse analysis. Some aspects of their form and occurrence patterns have been shown to be speaker- and language-specific. In the present study, basic acoustic properties of FPs in Polish task-oriented dialogues are explored. A set of FPs was extracted from a corpus of twenty task- oriented dialogues on the basis of available annotations. After initial scrutiny and selection, a subset of the signals underwent a series of pitch, formant frequency and voice quality analyses. A significant amount of variation found in the realisations of FPs justifies their potential application in speaker recognition systems. Regular monosegmental FPs were confirmed to show relatively stable basic acoustic parameters, which allows for their easy identification and measurements but it may result in less significant differences among the speakers.
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