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Shaping the climate of construction work safety

Obolewicz J., Baryłka A., Szota M.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 118, nr 2

78--85

EN

Purpose: The interest in the social aspects of work safety results because the human factor plays a key role in the causes of accidents at work in construction. Statistical data for Poland confirm that organisational and human causes, in particular those related to improper behaviour of employees, account for the highest share in the structure of causes of accidents at work according to the TOL classification. Findings: Human behaviour determines the current and future state of occupational safety and requires at least interest. The key factors of human error resulting in accidents include lack of knowledge about hazards in the working environment and appropriate qualifications or irregularities in the behaviour of a group of employees in relation to the adopted social standards, established rules, or inappropriate behaviour. On the one hand, human behaviour depends on the safety culture; on the other hand, it is human behaviour that shapes the climate of work safety by consolidating certain beliefs and attitudes. Research limitations/implications: The measures outlined in work allow for the creation of a desirable safety climate and enable the smooth and compliant operation of the construction site, as well as the economic benefits of minimising losses due to eliminating occupational accidents and illnesses. Social benefits, in turn, can include increased awareness and motivation of construction site personnel, made possible by shaping the desired safety climate by informing and involving workers and their social representatives. Practical implications: The practical application of shaping the safety climate is very important, which will also impact the quality and productivity of the work and the image of the construction workers. Originality/value: The article attempts to systematise terms related to the concept of security climate, and tools for shaping the security climate on the example of construction.

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Technical safety considerations for construction sites

Obolewicz J., Baryłka A., Szota M., Rychlik A.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 115, nr 1

33--41

EN

Purpose: The article introduces the issue of technical safety, characterises selected activities that create hazards on construction sites and suggests ways to eliminate them. Findings: Knowledge of reliability is essential to carry out construction works. The need for the structural engineer to consider safety issues and the obligation to have a general knowledge of safety and technical safety arises. Knowledge of technical safety allows for the proper execution of works on site. Research limitations/implications: The level of safety on a construction site depends on many factors, and a significant group of these are technical factors that determine the possibility of adverse events occurring. Practical implications: Safety is defined as a state that provides a sense of certainty and a guarantee that it will be maintained and an opportunity for improvement. The level of safety on a construction site depends on many factors, and a significant group of these are technical factors that determine the possibility of adverse events occurring. The possibility of adverse events occurring is called unreliability. It is the opposite concept of the reliability, which is more commonly used in the construction industry. Originality/value: A useful tool for ensuring technical safety on construction sites is the Health and Safety Plan or HSE Plan, and the Instructions for the Safe Execution of Work - IBWR instructions. Those documents are intended to protect the health and lives of workers by providing information on how to prevent hazards associated with the execution of certain construction work and how to deal with them should they occur.

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Formation of the attitudes and behaviours of employees in the context of safe operation of buildings on the example of the University of Agribusiness in Lomza

Obolewicz J., Baryłka A., Szota M., Oźga K.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 115, nr 2

64--74

EN

Purpose: The issue of shaping the attitude of employee involvement in an organisation is a relatively new area of scientific interest. Shaping employees' attitudes, understood as a conscious influence to consolidate or change them so that they are conducive to the safe operation of building objects, should be of significant importance for any organisation. Attitude is related to behaviour, the most elementary form of human activity, which is externally observable. Design/methodology/approach: Statistical analysis. Findings: The issue of shaping organisational attitudes and behaviours is related to the need to consider the factors that trigger the change process. It is important to diagnose whether the engine of change is the person with a specific attitude or elements from his environment. Research limitations/implications: The article presents a theoretical introduction and the results of diagnostic tests. It proposes actions shaping the attitudes and behaviour of employees regarding the safe operation of buildings, based on the example of the University of Agribusiness in Lomza. Practical implications: The classical approach to the safety of buildings focuses primarily on the technical and engineering side of the building. Planners, designers, contractors, and users of buildings strive to make them the least hazardous to health and life, especially during the operation of the building. At the same time, it is important to bear in mind that safe operation is influenced by the behaviour of facility users, as they are the weakest link in management. Consequently, this is where the reserves for raising the health and safety of building users to a higher level still lie. Originality/value: One of the main factors significantly influencing how an individual will behave when placed in a risky situation is how they perceive the risks involved. People's beliefs about various things can influence their behaviour more strongly than objective reality. To activate the reserves hidden in human behaviour to improve the safety level of buildings, it is necessary to fully recognise the causes and mechanisms that lead users to risky actions. Those behaviours allow the application of appropriate training and supervision methods, and more broadly of management methods, which would induce users to behave safely and to react consciously, directly or indirectly, to emerging risks during the operation of the works.