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Study on the Detonation Reaction-zone and Energy Release Characteristics of a Cast HMX-based PBX

Tan Kaiyuan, Han Yong, Luo Guan, Yin Ming, Wen Shanggang, Huang Fenglei

Central European Journal of Energetic Materials

2019

Vol. 16, no. 3

380--398

This article gives a comprehensive study of the detonation reaction-zone (DRZ) and energy release characteristics of a cast HMX-based polymer-bonded explosive, PBX-91C, which has been demonstrated in our previous study to be an insensitive explosive. The DRZ of PBX-91C was studied by the impedance window method; the detonation reaction time, DRZ length, and detonation pressure were obtained. The cylinder test was employed to evaluate the acceleration ability of PBX-91C, the Gurney velocity and the parameters of the Jones-Wilkins-Lee (JWL) equation of state (EOS) for PBX-91C. The shock overpressure test was carried out to evaluate the energy release characteristics of PBX-91C in free-field; TNT was also tested for comparison. On the basis of the parameters of the JWL EOS determined by the cylinder test, three-dimensional numerical simulations of the shock overpressure tests were conducted. The results showed that PBX-91C is substantially more powerful than TNT; moreover, the energy release of PBX-91C is more rapid. All of these results suggest that the detonation performance of PBX-91C is close to that of RDX. PBX-91C can be a good candidate for main charges as it has both high energy and low sensitivity.

Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of the Heat of Combustion of RDX-based Propellants

Hara Marcin, Trzciński Waldemar A.

Central European Journal of Energetic Materials

2019

Vol. 16, no. 3

399--411

The main goal of the present work was to check whether it is possible to use a thermochemical model to predict the heat of combustion of new RDX-based propellants and to determine which calculation conditions ensure that the calculated heat obtained is close to the calorimetric value. Calorimetric measurements of the heat of combustion of selected new RDX-based propellants were carried out and their combustion characteristics were also obtained by thermochemical calculations. The combustion heats determined experimentally and theoretically were compared. On the basis of an analysis of the results obtained, the influence of the temperature of “freezing” of the composition of the combustion products on the calculated combustion heat was checked. The ballistic parameters of the tested propellants were also calculated.

Detonation Reaction Characteristics for CL-20 and CL-20-based Aluminized Mixed Explosives

Liu D., Chen L., Wang C., Wu J.

Central European Journal of Energetic Materials

2017

Vol. 14, no. 3

573--588

The interfacial particle velocities for CL-20 and CL-20-based aluminized mixed explosives were measured by interferometry in order to analyze the aluminum reactions in the latter. The reaction characteristics were obtained, as well as a better understanding of the effects of aluminum powder on the detonation reaction zone length. Two functions were used to fit the particle velocity-time profiles, and their intersection was the corresponding Chapman-Jouget (CJ) point. From these profiles, the detonation reaction zone length and the aluminum reaction were then analyzed. CL-20-based explosives have a short reaction time (48 ns for a high CL-20 content), while the reaction time of CL-20/Al explosives increased with the aluminum content and particle size. Micron-scale aluminum particles barely reacted in the CL-20 detonation reaction zone, but instead reacted with the detonation products after the CJ point. This reduced the detonation pressure; however, the aluminum reaction can slow down the decrease in particle velocities. The start times of small-particle aluminum reactions were earlier than those of the larger particles. The 2-3-μm aluminum particles start to react within 1 μs after the CJ point, while the 200-nm particles may start to react in the reaction zone.