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1

Model statystycznej optymalizacji składu przemysłowych preparatów myjących na bazie surowców pochodzenia naturalnego z wykorzystaniem metody planowanego eksperymentu (DOE)

Jędrzejczyk Anna, Pełech Robert, Janus Ewa

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2023

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T. 102, nr 1

54--60

PL

Przedstawiono wyniki badań nad zastosowaniem metody planowanego eksperymentu w optymalizacji składu preparatów do mycia w przemyśle spożywczym. Opracowano model postępowania w opracowywaniu składu formulacji mieszanin.

EN

Optimization criteria and dependent variables evaluating the performance parameters of the formulation, such as the content of the active substance in the raw material, the height and stability of the foam and the contact angle, were defined. After the initial selection of ingredients, screening was carried out to select the most suitable ingredients for optimization purposes. The resulting skeleton of the formulation was the basis for a more accurate assessment of the influence of independent variables, i.e. the concn. of raw materials on selected dependent variables in the optimization using the design of expts. method.

2

Statistical approach to the production of cement composites doped with ZnO and ZnO-based materials

Klapiszewska Izabela, Balicki Sebastian, Wilk Kazimiera A., Klapiszewski Łukasz, Ślosarczyk Agnieszka

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2023

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Vol. 59, iss. 4

art. no. 168352

EN

In this study, physical and functional properties of the cement composites containing ZnO, ZnO/lignin and lignin admixtures were investigated using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The I-optimal design based on RSM was used to assess the influence of ZnO-based doping agent, of either commercial or synthetic origin, on cement composite production in the function of average compressive strength and cost. Polynomial mathematical models were developed by RSM confronting results from the experimental design. The accuracy and precision of the utilized models established by I-optimal design were tested using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The first stage of formulation optimization revealed that the use of commercially available ZnO-based admixture no. 4 (ZnO-SA, supplied by Sigma Aldrich) allowed to achieve the desired results, passing all the requirements, i.e., the best microbial purity combined with reasonable cost, followed by satisfactory physical properties. In the second stage of formulation optimization, the influence of implementing the hybrid materials, i.e., ZnO-SA mixed in different proportions with lignin was evaluated. RSM revealed that doping admixture no. 3, i.e., ZnO-SA/lignin (5:1), is the best candidate, which comprised augmented functional and physical properties of the fabricated cement composite. This component exhibited the best microbial purity as well as the lowest total pore volume, followed by satisfactory physical properties. Verification of the model findings indicated considerable agreement between the predicted and experimental values. From the findings, it was confirmed that a reasonable cost-performance balance for cement composites can be achieved using ZnO-SA and ZnO-SA/lignin (5:1).

3

Using a Parameter Diagram as a DoE Planning Tool

Barsalou Matthew, Wilcynska Karolina, Saraiva Pedro Manue

Management and Production Engineering Review

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2023

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Vol. 14, No. 4

3--9

EN

This paper describes the p-diagram (parameter-diagram) and its application in planning a DoE (Design of Experiments). A case study describing an actual problem from industry is presented where the planning phase started to go wrong as difficulties in selecting the right variables for the DoE were discovered. Furthermore, running these experiments became prohibitively expensive, due to the large number of such experiments that would be needed, and though the exploitation of a p-diagram it was then possible to come up with a feasible DoE.

4

Optimizing Sand Moulding Process through Regression Models and Destructive Testing

Abdulamer Dheya

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 23, iss. 4

163--168

EN

The main objective of the present study is enhanced of the sand moulding process through addressing the sand mould defects and failures, ultimately lead to improve production of the sand castings with well-defined of pattern profiles. The research aimed to reduce the cost and energy expenditure associated with the compaction time of the sand moulding process. Practical destructive tests were conducted to assess properties of the green sand moulds. Linear regression and multi-regression methods were employed to identify the key factors influencing the sand moulding process. The proposed experimental destructive tests and predicted regression methods facilitated measurement of the green sand properties and enabled evaluation of the effective moulding parameters, thereby enhancing the sand moulding process. Factorial design of experiments approach was employed to evaluate effect of parameters of water content and mixing time of the green sand compaction process on the mechanical properties of green sand mould namely the tensile strength, and compressive strength.

5

Drying kinetics of a solar dryer for drying of potato chips in Western Maharashtra, India

Yadav Aditya Arvind, Bagi Jaydeep S., Prabhu Pravin A.

Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 6, No 1

91--97

EN

The current study focuses on the performance of a solar greenhouse dryer for drying of potato chips in Solar Dryer and Open sun conditions in Western Maharashtra. Potato chips is a value added product that can be effectively used during throughout the year as snacks, a side dish or an appetizer. It can be either deep dried or backed for consumption. The dried potato contains a high fiber content and it helps to lower the cholesterol level in blood reducing the risk of blood pressure if consumed backed. Potato chips can effectively be stored for one year to six months and consumed as snacks. The experiment was conducted for drying of potato chips in Solar Greenhouse Dryer and open sun conditions on 1st of April 2021 for 6 hours. The initial weight of the potato chips to be dried was 500 grams both for the solar greenhouse dryer and open sun drying conditions. The experiment was conducted at Bahe, Borgaon, Tal-Walwa, Dist-Sangli, Maharashtra, India located at 17.115°N and 74.33°E. The experimental observations collected during the tests were set as input data for the Design of the Experiments (DoE) i.e., for Response Surface Modelling (RSM). The main aim of using DoE i.e., Response Surface Modelling, is to obtain an optimum region for drying of potato chips in the Solar Greenhouse Dryer, from the surface plot; the region of maxima and minima was obtained. The contour plot obtained during modeling resembles the optimum region of drying; the optimum region for drying of potato chips is 47 to 50°C respectively. The Moisture Removal Rate (MRR) for drying of potato chips in the Solar Greenhouse Dryer and Open sun drying is 83% and 78% respectively. The drying rate observed during the experiment has a better resemblance with simulated Response Surface Modelling.

6

Optimization of Injection Moulding Process via Design of Experiment (DOE) Method based on Rice Husk (RH) Reinforced Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) Composite Properties

Jaya Haliza, Zulkepli Nik Noriman, Omar Mohd Firdaus, Abd Rahim Shayfull Zamree, Nabiałek Marcin, Jeż Kinga, Al Bakri Abdullah Mohd Mustafa

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2022

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Vol. 67, iss. 2

719--727

EN

Optimal parameters setting of injection moulding (IM) machine critically effects productivity, quality, and cost production of end products in manufacturing industries. Previously, trial and error method were the most common method for the production engineers to meet the optimal process injection moulding parameter setting. Inappropriate injection moulding machine parameter settings can lead to poor production and quality of a product. Therefore, this study was purposefully carried out to overcome those uncertainty. This paper presents a statistical technique on the optimization of injection moulding process parameters through central composite design (CCD). In this study, an understanding of the injection moulding process and consequently its optimization is carried out by CCD based on three parameters (melt temperature, packing pressure, and cooling time) which influence the shrinkage and tensile strength of rice husk (RH) reinforced low density polyethylene (LDPE) composites. Statistical results and analysis are used to provide better interpretation of the experiment. The models are form from analysis of variance (ANOVA) method and the model passed the tests for normality and independence assumptions.

7

Design of experiments in optimization and validation of hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography method for determination of amlodipine besylate and its impurities

Kasagić-Vujanović I., Knežević D.

Acta Chromatographica

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2022

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Vol. 34, no. 1

41--52

EN

A new and rapid hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the quantitative analysis of amlodipine besylate and its specific impurities (D, E, and F). For development of this method, a systematic approach which includes Design of Experiments methodology was applied. For the method optimization, Box–Behnken design and specific way Derringer’s desirability function were applied. They provided identification of the optimal chromatographic conditions on the basis of obtained mathematical models and graphical procedures (three D graphs). The optimal chromatographic conditions were the analytical column ZORBAX NH2 (250 3 4.6 mm, 5 mm particle size); mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-water phase (50 mM ammonium acetate, pH adjusted to 4.0 with glacial acetic acid) (90.5:9.5 v/v); column temperature 30 8C, mobile phase flow rate 1 mL min1, wavelength of detection 230 nm. As other validation parameters were also found to be suitable, the possibility to apply the proposed method for the determination of amlodipine besylate and its impurities in any laboratory under different circumstances has been proven.

8

Response surface modelling and performance evaluation of solar dryer for drying of grapes

Yadav Aditya Arvind, Prabhu Pravin A., Bagi Jaydeep S.

Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 5, No 2

157--168

EN

The current study focuses on the performance of the Solar Greenhouse Dryer for drying of grapes for raisin production in the Solar Dryer and Open sun condition in Western Maharashtra. The grape is also known as Vitis Vinifera, and it is a sub-tropical fruit with excess pulp content. The grapes are used as an immune booster as it contains various Phyto-chemicals which reduce various diseases. It is estimated that nearly 80% of grapes produced in India are exported to European countries. The Maharashtra state ranks first in the production of grapes; probably, Western Maharashtra produces nearly 800 thousand tons of grapes every year. The major wastage of grapes is due to a low sugar content, glossy appearance, shrinkage, excess water in the berry, scorching and size variations. Therefore, there is a need to preserve grapes by drying and production of raisins for a non-seasonal requirement. The experiment was conducted for drying of grapes in the Solar Greenhouse Dryer and Open Sun conditions from 1st of April to 4th of April for 48 hours. The initial weight of the grapes to be dried was 500 grams for both the Solar Greenhouse Dryer and Open Sun drying conditions. The experiment was conducted at Bahe, Borgaon, Tal-Walwa, Dist-Sangli, Maharashtra, India located at 17.115oN and 74.33oE. The experimental observations collected during the `experimentation were set as input data for the Design of Experiments i.e., for Response Surface Modelling (RSM). The main aim of using DOE i.e., Response Surface Modelling, is to obtain an optimum region for drying of grapes in the Solar Greenhouse Dryer, from the Surface plot; a region of maxima and minima was obtained. The contour plot obtained during modelling resembles the optimum region of drying, the optimum region for drying grapes is 45 to 50oC respectively. The Moisture Removal Rate (MRR) for drying of grapes in the Solar Greenhouse Dryer and in the Open Sun drying is 73.6% and 57.2% respectively. The drying rate observed during the experiment has a better resemblance with simulated Response Surface Modelling.

9

Critical evaluation into the practical utility of the Design of Experiments

Sharma Mithun, Sharma Shilpi

Engineering Management in Production and Services

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2021

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Vol. 13, no. 3

50--65

EN

The research aims to emphasise the relevance of the Design of Experiments (DOE) technique as a reliable method for ensuring efficient use of statistical methods in routine industrial processes. A case study approach with a deductive strategy was used to assess the effectiveness of different DOE methods to achieve the desired objectives. Screening, mid-resolution and high-resolution DOE methods helped identify, characterise, and optimise an experimental variable against the desired output response. A general framework for effective DOE is provided as part of DOE planning, including defining DOE objectives, selection criteria, noise reduction, and application across industries. Overall, various DOE models proved successful in identifying a complicated relationship between experimental variables and output response. However, when ideal DOE models may not be feasible, reducing test run by choosing lower resolution DOE or fewer replicates can still provide important insights into the experimental variables’ impact on output responses.

10

Optimizing Search Results Using Taguchi Design of Experiments: Case Study of the Distribution of COVID-19 Names in Vietnam

Hien Ton Nguyen Trong

Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

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2021

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Vol. 28

141--143

EN

Taguchi design of experiments is a method used in engineering, especially in the field of new product development, for optimizing production processes and improving product quality. The Taguchi method is widely used in the field of industrial engineering. The purpose of this study is to investigate the applicability of the Taguchi method for other tasks, such as optimizing search results. Using the Taguchi method, we assess the popularity of three names for COVID-19 that have been used by scientists in research related to COVID-19 in the context of Vietnam. The results show the positive value of using the Taguchi method to optimize search results. The keyword COVID-19 is found to be the most-used keyword. The results also show that disease prevention, spread, infection, transmission, treatments, preparation, and responses to the disease are particularly interesting research topics in Vietnam at present.

11

Investigation of filtration capacity of surface wastewater filters by mathematical modelling

Marčiulaitienė Eglė, Meškauskaitė Laura, Pozniak Natalija, Sakalauskas Leonidas

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

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2020

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Vol. 27, nr 2

241--255

EN

As the urbanisation level increases, due to intensification of car traffic and increased areas of impermeable surfaces, pollution of surface wastewater and a negative impact on water bodies are increasing. Due to the increasing pollution of surface water bodies, the eutrophication process is taking place intensively. One of the technologies of surface wastewater treatment allowing reduction in the amounts of suspended solids (SS), heavy metals and other pollutants is surface wastewater filters. Filters with different fillers have been designed for the treatment of principal surface wastewater pollutants: suspended solids, heavy metals (zinc, cadmium, copper, lead), BOD5, total carbon and nitrogen. The Kriging method was adapted to test the efficiency of filters filled with construction waste and wood waste-derived biochar using distance matrices. The method developed makes it possible to model the characteristics of filters in relation to different fillers, using experimental results. The mathematical model is suitable for other filtrate characteristics, not only the ratio of fillers, but also the length of the filter life, its durability calculations, which allows optimizing filter cleaning efficiency up to 96.93 %.

12

Application of Taguchi method for the design of cement mortars containing waste materials

Dębska Bernardeta, Krasoń Joanna, Lichołai Lech

Budownictwo o Zoptymalizowanym Potencjale Energetycznym

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2020

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Vol. 9 Nr 1

15--26

EN

Industries related to the acquiring of building materials may soon face a shortage of natural resources and an associated increase in costs of their acquisition. Therefore, it is necessary to look for possible ways to reduce the exploitation of natural resources and instead use recycled raw materials. Such policies fit into one of the most important trends in modern construction, which is sustainable development. In the conducted research, the Taguchi method was utilized in order to investigate the impact of modifying cement mortars with rubber and cork waste on the selected properties of the obtained composites. Thanks to the above method, we managed to obtain the desired information about mortars in a shorter time and at a lower cost than using traditional testing methods. Using the selection in planning method, we confirmed that rubber waste can be a good substitute for sand in mortars.

13

Development of a method for finding the optimal solution when upgrading a motorcycle engine

Vrublevskyi Oleksandr, Wojnowski Radomir

Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn

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2019

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nr 22(2)

135--149

EN

This paper describes a method for finding the optimal parameters of a spark-ignition engine gas exchange system for a motorcycle. The vectors of the initial data for filling the parameter space, in which the search for the optimal solution has been made, have been formed through methods of experiment planning and technique nonlinear programming quadratic line search. As the quality criteria, the engine power has been used at selected points of the external speed characteristic. The results of the work have shown how using the proposed optimization method allows modernization of a gas exchange systems in order to increase the engine power.

14

The smoothed bootstrap fine-tuning

Dwornicka Renata, Goroshko Andrii, Pietraszek Jacek

System Safety : Human - Technical Facility - Environment

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2019

|

Vol. 1, nr 1

716--723

EN

The bootstrap method is a well-known method to gather a full probability distribution from the dataset of a small sample. The simple bootstrap i.e. resampling from the raw dataset often leads to a significant irregularities in a shape of resulting empirical distribution due to the discontinuity of a support. The remedy for these irregularities is the smoothed bootstrap: a small random shift of source points before each resampling. This shift is controlled by specifically selected distributions. The key issue is such parameter settings of these distributions to achieve the desired characteristics of the empirical distribution. This paper describes an example of this procedure.

15

The bootstrap method as a tool to improve the design of experiments

Dwornicka Renata, Radek Norbert, Pietraszek Jacek

System Safety : Human - Technical Facility - Environment

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2019

|

Vol. 1, nr 1

724--729

EN

The paper considers the use of the bootstrap method to improve the determination of confidence intervals identified by the DOE (design of experiment) procedure. Two different approaches have been used: one that is appropriate for factorial designs and the other one relevant to the methodology of the response surface. Both approaches were tested on the real experiment datasets and compared with the results obtained from the classical statistical expressions based on well known asymptotic formulas derived from the distribution.

16

Effect of printing parameters on the mechanical properties of parts fabricated with open-source 3D printers in PLA by fused deposition modeling

Ouhsti M., El Haddadi B., Belhouideg S.

Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering

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2018

|

Vol. 22, nr 4

895--907

EN

3D polymer-based printers have become easily accessible to the public. Usually, the technology used by these 3D printers is Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM). The majority of these 3D printers mainly use acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polylactic acid (PLA) to fabricate 3D objects. In order for the printed parts to be useful for specific applications, the mechanical properties of the printed parts must be known. The aim of this study is to determine the tensile strength and elastic modulus of printed materials in polylactic acid (PLA) according to three important printing parameters such as deposition angle, extruder temperature and printing speed. The central composite design (CCD) was used to reduce the number of tensile test experiments. The obtained results show that the mechanical properties of printed parts depend on printing parameters. Empirical models relating response and process parameters are developed. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test the validity of models relating response and printing parameters. The optimal printing parameters are determined for the desired mechanical properties.

17

Development of a hybrid meta-model for material selection using design of experiments and EDAS method

Chatterjee P., Banerjee A., Mondal S., Boral S., Chakraborty S.

Engineering Transactions

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2018

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Vol. 66, iss. 2

187--207

EN

Selection of materials for a specific application is one of the extremely demanding problems in a synchronised manufacturing environment as it directly determines perceptible quality and cost of the product. Material selection is a complex process, intending to choose the best material while satisfying a pre-decided set of requirements. Material selection decision is made during preliminary product design stage. An improperly chosen material leads not only to an early component failure but also to a redundant cost involvement. There are numerous materials and various criteria influencing the material selection process for a particular application. Although a good amount of multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods are available to deal with this type of selection applications, this paper aims to propose a hybrid method of design of experiments (DOE) and evaluation based on distance from average solution (EDAS) to solve material selection problems in current industrial applications. DOE and EDAS are used jointly to determine the critical material selection criteria and their interactions by fitting a polynomial to the experimental data in a multiple linear regression analysis. A gear material selection problem is demonstrated to establish the application competence of the DOE-EDAS method. Application results were validated with the results of the previous researchers and they indicate that the proposed DOE-EDAS hybrid model is straightforward, robust and practical in solving complex MCDM problems.

18

The Impact of Laser Processing Parameters on the Properties of Electro-Spark Deposited Coatings

Radek N., Szczotok A., Gądek-Moszczak A., Dwornicka R., Bronček J., Pietraszek J.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2018

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Vol. 63, iss. 2

809--816

EN

The paper described properties of electro-spark deposited coatings under influence of the laser treatment process. The properties were assessed by analyzing the coating microstructure, X-ray radiation, microhardness, bonding strength, corrosion resistance, porosity and wear tests. The tests were conducted for Mo and Cu coatings (the anode) which were electro-spark deposited over the C45 steel substrate (the cathode) and melted with a laser beam. The coatings were deposited by means of an ELFA-541. The laser processing was performed with an Nd:YAG laser. The coatings after laser processing are still distinguished by very good performance properties, which make them suitable for use in sliding friction pairs.

19

Experimentation and Prediction of the Wear of a Cutting Tool in Turning Process

Merzoug M., Benamara N., Boulenouar A., Bouchouicha B., Mazari M.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2018

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Vol. 63, iss. 2

563--573

EN

In the present work, the performance of multilayer coated carbide tool was investigated considering the effect of cutting parameters during turning of 34CrMo4 Low alloy steel. It has high strength and creep strength, and good impact tenacity at low temperature. It can work at –110°C to 500°C. And EN 10083-1 34CrMo4 owns high static strength, impact tenacity, fatigue resistance, and hardenability; without overheating tendencies. The objective functions were selected in relation to the parameters of the cutting process: surface roughness criteria. The correlations between the cutting parameters and performance measures, like surface roughness, were established by multiple linear regression models. Highly significant parameters were determined by performing an Analysis of variance (ANOVA). During the experiments flank wear, cutting force and surface roughness value were measured throughout the tool life. The results have been compared with dry and wet-cooled turning. Analysis of variance factors of design and their interactions were studied for their significance. Finally, a model using multiple regression analysis between cutting speed, fee rate and depth of cut with the tool life was established.

20

Effects of Welding Parameters on FSSW: Experimental and Numerical Study

Merzoug M., Boulenouar A., Bouchouicha B., Serrier M., Mazari M.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2018

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Vol. 63, iss. 1

247--256

EN

In this paper, the Aluminum A6060-T5 plates of thickness 2 mm was friction stir spot welded (FSSW), and the effects of welding parameters (rotation speed, plunge speed and distance from the center of pin) on the temperature variation of the joints were investigated. The experimental design method is used to investigate the effects of welding parameters in order to achieve an optimization of the FSSW process. This optimization allows the development of experimental results and may help to better understand the complexity of the phenomena resulting from contact parts/tool during the stirring process.