Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Defect categorization of ribbon blender worm gearbox worm wheel and bearing based on artificial neural network

Barshikar Raghavendra Rajendra, Ghongade Harshvardhan P., Bhadre Anjali A., Pawar Harjitkumar U., Rane Harshal S.

Eksploatacja i Niezawodność

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2024

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Vol. 26, no. 2

art. no. 185371

EN

There is a demand for worm gearboxes in diversified industrial fields that include machinery such as escalators, ribbon blenders, pulverisers, bowl mills, etc. because of their peculiar characteristics like torque and quick retardation. The most commonly occurring defects in a worm gear box are scratches that develop in the worm gear and in bearings. Early defect categorization is required to prevent a sudden breakdown that would decrease production. The defect is depicted in different cases, which include defects in the gear tooth and the outer and inner races of the bearing. In another case, the defect is considered in the gear tooth as well as the bearing. The severity is designated using the ANN. The experiments were performed under these conditions with a good worm gearbox to capture vibration response signatures. Using these values as an input to the ANN, the model is trained. Experimental results show that vibration amplitude increases with fault progression in the worm gearbox, and the trained ANN model effectively categorizes worm gearbox faults with an accuracy of 97.12%.

2

Detekcja defektów izolacji transformatorów suchych typu cast-coil

Mrozik Andrzej

Wiadomości Elektrotechniczne

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2023

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R. 91, nr 11

13--15

PL

Artykuł omawia problematykę rozpoznania defektów izolacji odlewanej w transformatorach suchych typu cast-coil. W badaniach użyto metody rejestracji obrazów defektów w podczerwieni.

EN

The article discusses the issue of identifying defects in cast insulation in dry cast-coil transformers. The in the research method was used recording images of defects in infrared.

3

Wpływ wybranych czynników na jakość w budownictwie mieszkaniowym

Pochybełko Karol, Hoła Bożena

Przegląd Budowlany

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2023

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R. 94, nr 1-2

123--128

PL

W artykule zamieszczono wyniki badań dotyczące identyfikacji wybranych czynników i oceny ich wpływu na jakość budynków mieszkalnych. Badania i analizy czynników wpływu ograniczono do fazy realizacji, którą poprzedzała szczegółowa analiza kompletności dokumentacji projektowej, przyjętych rozwiązań, zastosowanych materiałów oraz możliwości zrealizowania obiektu. Jako miarę jakości budynków mieszkalnych przyjęto liczbę i rodzaj wad stwierdzonych podczas przeprowadzanych odbiorów technicznych. Obliczono wartości współczynników korelacji rho Spearmana oraz określono wpływ zidentyfikowanych czynników na jakość.

EN

The article presents the results of research on the identification of selected factors and the assessment of their impact on the quality of residential buildings. Research and analyzes of the impact factors were limited to the implementation phase, which was preceded by a detailed analysis of the completeness of the design documentation, the solutions adopted, the materials used and the possibility of building the facility. The number and type of defects found during technical acceptance tests were adopted as a measure of the quality of residential buildings. The values of Spearman's rho correlation coefficients were calculated and the influence of the identified factors on the quality was determined.

4

Wpływ wybranych czynników na trwałość betonowych mostów sprężonych

Madaj Arkadiusz

Materiały Budowlane

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2023

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nr 10

61--64

5

Improving optical and morphological properties of Mn-doped ZnO via Ar ion sputtering followed by high-temperature UHV annealing

Zehar Elhachemi, Ouerdane Abdallah, Chetti Boualem, Çoruh Ali

Materials Science Poland

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2023

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Vol. 41, No. 2

325--338

EN

Using the ultrasonic spray pyrolysis technique, pure (ZnO) and manganese (4at%)-doped zinc oxide (ZnMnO) thin films were synthesized and treated with Ar+ sputtering in the UHV (ultra-high vacuum) system. In this regard, XRD (X-ray diffraction), XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy), PL (photoluminescence), and AFM (atomic force microscopy) techniques were applied to investigate the electronic and photonic properties of ZnO. XRD and XPS allowed us to identify the successful incorporation of Mn as a substitute for Zn, while PL and AFM images reveal a high tendency for crystalline grains on the ZnMnO surface to aggregate to form small grains. However, bandgap narrowing, a redshift with considerable fluctuations in excitonic emission, and a perfect quenching of visible emission (400–640 nm) were observed. Investigations into defect-related emission in ZnMnO and ZnO compounds were conducted. The PL spectra of the prepared samples were measured and analyzed using Gaussian fitting. The PL of undoped ZnO exhibited an intense broad band with a peak at 550 nm. Two effects were shown to occur as a result of Mn doping: (i) a sharp quenching of self-activated PL with a progressive red-shift of the quenching’s spectral boundary; (ii) the appearance of a new emission band with a peak at 1.64 eV (756 nm), which dominates the PL spectrum and is noted in a band diagram; as well as a slight shift in the main line of ZnO, which is located at energy 3.275 eV (378.57nm).

6

Podłogi przemysłowe z wierzchnią warstwą z jastrychów poliuretanowych: podstawowe wymagania i najczęstsze wady

Sadowski Łukasz

Inżynieria i Budownictwo

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2023

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R. 79, nr 3-4

188--190

PL

W artykule omówiono podstawowe wymagania oraz najczęstsze wady podłóg przemysłowych z wierzchnią warstwą z jastrychów poliuretanowych. Do istotnych wad zaliczono między innymi niezgodną z zaprojektowaną grubość warstwy jastrychu poliuretanowego, za niskie w stosunku do wymaganych parametry wytrzymałościowe, a także podatność na powstawanie na powierzchni jastrychu miejscowych przetarć, schropowaceń i miejscowych wgłębnych uszkodzeń sięgających podkładu betonowego. Podano również przyczyny powstawania tych wad, zilustrowano przykładami i rezultatami badań własnych oraz wskazano przyczyny ich powstawania.

EN

The article discusses the basic requirements as well as the most common defects of industrial floors with a top layer of polyurethane screeds. Significant defects include, among others, the thickness of the polyurethane screed layer inconsistent with the designed one, strength parameters that are too low in relation to the required ones, susceptibility to the formation of local abrasions on the screed surface, roughness and local deep damage reaching the concrete foundation. The article also gives the reasons for the formation of these defects and iIIustrated with examples and results of own research and indicated the causes of their formation.

7

Impact of heterogeneous cavities on the electrical constraints in the insulation of high-voltage cables

Bakri Badis, Benguesmia Hani, Mira Aya, M’ziou Nassima

Diagnostyka

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2023

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Vol. 24, No. 1

art. no. 2023109

EN

The main insulation layer is the most important layer of the high-voltage cable, and the quality of this material directly affects the life of the cable. It is also known that contamination, porosity and associated partial discharges in the insulation can affect the service life of cables. In this paper, we use the COMSOL Multiphysics software, which is based on the finite element method in AC/DC, 2D electrostatic. Our study shows the effect of heterogeneous cavities on the functioning of electrical cables. This work contains the study of electric field distribution and potential of a model of high voltage cable; we took into account the absence and the presence of heterogeneous cavities. The study was conducted using numerical results with mathematical validation. The obtained results are considered satisfactory, favorable and very promising.

8

Comparing deterministic and statistical approaches for predicting “short can” defects in aluminium beverage can production

Baran Wojciech, Regulski Krzysztof, Kąc Sławomir, Milenin Andrij

Computer Methods in Materials Science

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2023

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Vol. 23, No. 2

29--38

EN

In the production of beverage cans, “short can” defects in the form of material discontinuities can occur during the deep drawing of cylindrical thin-walled aluminium products. These defects have a significant impact on production efficiency and scrap generation, and their occurrence is influenced by material and process properties. To determine the main influence of material on defect occurrence, two approaches were used: deterministic analysis of mechanical properties and microstructure, as well as statistical processing of production data using decision tree models. The latter approach was found to be more efficient, and a numerical tool was developed based on this approach to predict and reduce defect occurrence in the production process.

9

Technologies for monitoring the technical condition of transport infrastructure objects based on the coefficient of correlation between critical values of noise and useful signals

Aliev Telman, Musaeva Naila

Transport Problems

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2022

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T. 17, z. 2

213--224

EN

Transport infrastructure objects are exposed to a large number of loads, which cause the formation of displacements, bends, wear, cracks, breakdowns, corrosion, and other defects. It is shown that at the moment of initiation of malfunctions in objects, the noise of the noisy signals coming from the corresponding sensor takes critical values that correlate with useful signals. Therefore, algorithms are developed for calculating the probability of random noise accepting critical values, a coefficient of correlation between the critical values of the noise and the useful component, and a relay cross-correlation function. Technologies for monitoring the technical condition of transport infrastructure objects are proposed based on the estimates of the developed noise characteristics. Computational experiments are conducted, and the reliability of the developed algorithms and technologies is confirmed.

10

Zakotwienia w dźwigarach kablobetonowych KBO, KBOS i KBS

Hulimka Jacek

Przegląd Budowlany

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2022

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R. 93, nr 5-6

64--69

PL

Historia stosowania w Polsce dachowych dźwigarów kablobetonowych trwała od roku 1953 do 1976. Do dzisiaj użytkowane są setki obiektów z dachami na takich dźwigarach. Jednymi z podstawowych elementów zapewniających bezpieczeństwo tych konstrukcji są zakotwienia kabli sprężających systemu Freyssineta (bloki i stożki kotwiące), a te ewoluowały w okresie projektowania i wykonawstwa kolejnych typów dźwigarów. W artykule przedstawiono przegląd stosowanych rozwiązań wraz z przykładami praktycznymi, a także pokrótce ustosunkowano się do zasad oceny stanu zakotwień oraz sposobu postępowania w przypadku ich wad lub uszkodzeń.

EN

The history of the use of post-tensioned concrete roof girders in Poland lasted from 1953 to 1976. Until today, hundreds of structures with roofs on such post-tensioned girders are in use. One of the basic elements ensuring the safety of these structures are the anchors of the Freyssinet cables (anchoring blocks and conical plugs). They evolved during the design and construction of subsequent types of girders. The article presents an overview of the applied anchor solutions together with practical examples. In addition, the principles of assessing the condition of anchorages and the procedure in case of their defects or damage is also discussed.

11

Analiza usterek występujących podczas budowy linii kolejowych

Janowiec Filip, Leśniak Agnieszka, Ćwiertnia Radosław

Przegląd Budowlany

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2022

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R. 93, nr 3-4

34--39

PL

Podczas realizacji robót budowlanych często pojawiają się różne wady fizyczne, które wpływają na jakość, a także na stan techniczny wykonywanego obiektu budowlanego. Nieprawidłowości mogą warunkować odbiór prac bądź wpływać znacząco na wydłużenie czasu trwania procedury odbiorowej, generując opóźnienia. W niniejszym artykule podjęto próbę wskazania najczęściej występujących usterek budowlanych, pojawiających się podczas budowy zasadniczych elementów konstrukcyjnych nawierzchni kolejowej.

EN

During the implementation of construction works, various physical defects often appear, which affect the quality and technical condition of the building object. Irregularities may condition the acceptance of works or significantly extend the duration of the acceptance procedure, generating delays. This article attempts to identify the most common construction faults that appear during the construction of the main structural elements of the railway track.

12

Porównanie i analiza usterek budowlanych na przykładzie dwóch wielorodzinnych budynków mieszkalnych

Zima Krzysztof, Malara Jarosław, Biel Sebastian

Materiały Budowlane

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2022

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nr 5

56--59

PL

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie liczby, rodzaju i lokalizacji usterek budowlanych na podstawie analizy protokołów odbioru dwóch wielorodzinnych budynków mieszkalnych. Dokonano przeglądu literatury oraz przedstawiono analizę statystyczną najczęściej występujących usterek, biorąc pod uwagę różne kryteria. Najwięcej usterek zgłoszonych przez inspektorów dotyczyło rys na ścianach i parapetach oraz zarysowań szyb okiennych.

EN

The aim of the articles to present the number, type and location of defects on the basis of ananalysis of acceptance reports from two multifamily residential buildings. The article reviews the literature and presents a statistical analysis of the most common defects, taking into account various criteria. The greatest number of defects reported by the inspectors concerned scratches on walls and window sills as well as scratches on window panes.

13

Analiza istotności i korelacji usterek w budynkach wielorodzinnych

Zima Krzysztof, Malara Jarosław, Biel Sebastian

Materiały Budowlane

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2022

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nr 7

52--55

PL

W artykule omówiono, czy lokalizacja, układ pomieszczeń oraz strony świata mają wpływ na rodzaj i charakter usterek budowlanych. Analizy dokonano z wykorzystaniem protokołów odbioru z dwóch budynków wielorodzinnych. Na jej podstawie można zauważyć, że usterki w dwóch analizowanych budynkach były podobne, pomimo realizacji prac przez różne przedsiębiorstwa budowlane, natomiast układ pomieszczeń w mieszkaniu i jego powierzchnia wpływają na liczbę oraz typ usterek budowlanych.

EN

The aim of article is to check whether the location, layout of rooms, and directions of the world have an impact on the type and nature of construction defects. The analysis was performed with the use of acceptance reports from two multifamily buildings. On the basis of the analysis, it can be noticed that the defects in the two analyzed buildings were similar, despite the fact that the works were carried out by different construction companies, while the layout of the rooms in the flat and its area affect the number and type of defects.

14

Defect-minimized directly grown graphene-based solar cells

Cui Yiqian, Wei Jiaqi, Jia Lizhe, Zhang Lukai, Zhou Qing, Liu Yanliang, Zhang Yong, Zhang Yu, Yu Wei

Materials Science Poland

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2022

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Vol. 40, No. 3

125--134

EN

Using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) to directly grow graphene nanowalls (GNWs) on silicon to preparate the solar cells is compatible with current industrial production. However, many defects in the GNWs hinder improvement of the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of solar cells. In this work, we found that the defects in GNWs can be reduced under the condition of keeping the appropriate sheet resistance of GNWs by simultaneously reducing the growth temperature and increasing the growth time. Then, a PCE of 3.83% was achieved by minimizing the defects in the GNWs under the condition of ensuring adequate coverage of GNWs on bare planar silicon. The defects in GNWs were further reduced by adding a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT):Nafion passivation coating, and the PCE was significantly improved to10.55%. Our work provides an innovative path and a simple approach to minimize the defects in graphene grown directly on silicon for high-efficiency solar cells.

15

Influence of the artificial defect on the flexible pipeline twist angle

Nazarenko S., Kovalenko R., Kolienov O., Savelie D., Miachyn V., Demianyshyn V.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 114, nr 2

58--68

EN

Purpose: To establish the dependence of the change in the values of the twisting angle of the flexible pipeline on the internal water pressure and the defect length, which is directed along and across the axis of the sleeve. Design/methodology/approach: Experimental studies were conducted in two stages. At the first stage, the methodology and plan of the experiment were developed, the factors and their values were determined, and experimental studies were conducted. The limits of variation in the area of factor spaces were established based on the basic analysis of a priori information. The length of the defect was 0, 50 and 100 mm. The pressure values in the sleeve were 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 MPa. Adequacy of the obtained regression equations was checked using Fisher's test. At the second stage, the analysis of the research results was carried out and the numerical values of the factors that most affect the change in the value of the twisting angle of the sleeve were established. Findings: According to the results of experimental studies, the dependences of the change in the twisting angle of the flexible pipeline on the internal water pressure and the length of the defect were obtained. It was established that the dependence of the previously mentioned factors is close to linear. The largest discrepancy in the maximum sleeve twist angle – 21% was observed at pressure values of 0.4 MPa. Research limitations/implications: The research was limited to only two factors: the defect length and the pressure in the middle of the sleeve. Such factors as the degree of wear of the sleeve, the type of sleeve and the number of defects on the test sample were not taken into account. Practical implications: The obtained results can be used during the development of a new method of testing flexible pipelines, which will allow to establish hidden defects in them. Originality/value: For the first time, the dependence of the influence of the size and direction of the defect on the reinforcing frame of the pressure fire hose on the value of its twist angle at constant internal pressure indicators was established.

16

Building condition ratings using infrared thermography: a preliminary study

Anuar Muhd Zubair Tajol, Sarbini Noor Nabilah, Ibrahim Izni Syahrizal, Othman Siti Hajar, Reba Mohd Nadzri

Archives of Civil Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 68, nr 4

403--418

EN

Deterioration and defects in building components are key aspects to consider when assessing buildings’ conditions, as they may influence the building’s functionality. The typical defects include cracking, moisture, dampness, and architectural defects. This paper aims to evaluate the defects in a building using a non-destructive testing (NDT), which is the Infrared Thermography (IRT) method. A visual inspection method is then conducted to verify the results of the IRT method. The combination of IRT and visual inspection methods can identify the type of defect and level of severity more accurately. In both methods, ratings or scores are given to the collected defect data to determine the consistency between them. Two (2) buildings were selected as case studies; AA1 and BB2 are multistorey buildings. From those, 51 and 67 spots were taken from the IRT method and further verification process, respectively. Among the defects that were found were moisture, dampness, cracking, staining, chipping, and flaking paint. From all the findings, IRT was found to be comparable with the visual inspection results for serious defects such as cracking and flaking paint. However, IRT was believed to underestimate the architectural defects of staining and chipping. Even so, serious defects such as dampness were also underestimated in IRT due to the fact that the temperature difference between different ratings will not differ much. In conclusion, the IRT method has the potential to be used as a tool for building condition rating. However, it should be assisted with a visual inspection, and more research needs to be conducted for its practicality.

17

Wady formowania wtryskowego. Jak im zapobiegać?

Dyrda Jan

Świat Obrabiarek i Narzędzi

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2021

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R. 16, nr 4

20--21

18

Ocena jakości okien i drzwi po ich wbudowaniu

Żyła Andrzej

Materiały Budowlane

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2021

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nr 8

44--45

19

Development of a device for measuring and analyzing vibrations

Stakhova Anzhelika, Kvasnikov Volodymyr

Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska

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2021

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T. 11, nr 2

48--51

EN

It is known that vibration is generated to one degree or another by all moving parts of machines. Vibration processes arising in the process of functioning of machines and equipment are highly informative, reflecting the technical condition of many parts and assemblies quite fully. Therefore, the use of vibration diagnostics systems makes it possible to determine a defect even at the stage of inception, thereby excluding emergency stops of machinery. An urgent task is to create a vibration analysis device, which consists of a sensor for measuring vibration, the principle of operation of which is based on the use of a direct piezoelectric effect. The output signal of the sensor will go to a personal computer or any other device with the Windows operating system, where a spectral analysis of the measured vibration signal is carried out using a Matlab-based diagnostic program.

PL

Wiadomo, że wibracje w mniejszym lub większym stopniu są generowane przez wszystkie ruchome części maszyn. Procesy wibracyjne powstające w trakcie pracy maszyn i urządzeń mają bardzo bogaty charakter informacyjny, w pełni odzwierciedlając stan techniczny wielu części i zespołów. Dlatego zastosowanie systemów diagnostyki drganiowej pozwala na określenie usterki już na etapie jej powstania, wykluczając tym samym awaryjne zatrzymania maszyn. Pilnym zadaniem jest stworzenie urządzenia do analizy drgań, które składa się z czujnika do pomiaru drgań, którego zasada działania opiera się na wykorzystaniu bezpośredniego efektu piezoelektrycznego. Sygnał wyjściowy czujnika trafia do komputera osobistego lub innego urządzenia z systemem operacyjnym Windows, gdzie analiza widmowa mierzonego sygnału drgań jest przeprowadzana za pomocą programu diagnostycznego opartego na Matlabie.

20

Quality criteria for G3Si1 and G4Si1 electrode wires

Turyk Eugeniusz

Biuletyn Instytutu Spawalnictwa w Gliwicach

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2021

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Vol. 65, No. 3

39--47

EN

The article presents test results concerning the quality of ISO 14341-A-G3Si1 and G4Si1 electrode wires based on electrode wire-related quality criteria in accordance with the requirements specified in the PN-EN ISO 14341 and PN-EN ISO 544 standards. The article discusses the critical defects of the wires (non-conformities with standard requirements) as well as defects not covered by the requirements of the standards, yet decisive as regards the assessment of electrode wires by the user.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań jakości drutów spawalniczych ISO 14341-A-G3Si1 i G4Si1 na podstawie kryteriów jakości drutów, według wymagań norm PN-EN ISO 14341 i PN-EN ISO 544. Określono wady krytyczne drutów (niezgodności z wymaganiami norm) oraz wady nieobjęte wymaganiami norm, a decydujące o ocenie jakości drutu elektrodowego przez użytkownika.