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EN
Recognition of the hydrogeological conditions of deep aquifers is possible mainly due to research carried out in deep boreholes. Such boreholes have been drilled in Poland since the 1950s. These are mainly exploration wells for hydrocarbon deposits, including research wells. Due to the purpose of these drillings, hydrodynamic and hydrochemical tests of aquifers with thermal waters are rare and carried out to a limited extent. Since 2010, there has been a clear increase in interest in the use of thermal waters in Poland. Due to the hydrogeological and geothermal conditions, the resources of these waters are made available in Poland through deep boreholes. The number of new geothermal wells has doubled in the last decade. Hydrodynamic tests (pumping, and hydrodynamic tests) and hydrochemical tests (analyses of physical and chemical properties of water, tests of the isotopic composition of water) carried out in these boreholes enable detailed characterization of the hydrogeological conditions prevailing in deep aquifers. They allow for the characterization of the pressure conditions in aquifers, the determination of the direction and velocity of groundwater flow, the duration of water in the rock massif, determination of the origin of water and presumed supply areas, as well as the hydrogeochemical characteristics of the waters. Therefore, the use of geothermal resources significantly contributes to the identification of the hydrogeological conditions of deep aquifers.
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Content available Wybrane aspekty podziemnego magazynowania wodoru
EN
The article describes the subject of underground hydrogen storage in the context of energy storage using hydrogen as a carrier, and shows its role in the Polish energy policy. The review of the most recent papers was performed to provide the information about hydrogen properties and options for underground hydrogen storage (salt caverns, depleted hydrocarbons fields, deep aquifers) in Poland. Analysis of the literature indicates small practical experiences in the underground hydrogen storage. The behaviour of underground-stored hydrogen is more complex than expected. Previous results indicate that this option may in future become the preferred solution for storing excess electricity related to the irregular supply from renewable sources. Geological formations can provide the possibility of storing energy on a medium- and long-term time scale. Knowledge of the underground storage of carbon dioxide and other gases will be useful for searching ofsites for underground storage of this gas. Due to the planned increasing share of renewable energy in electricity production in Poland, the issue of underground hydrogen storage will become increasingly relevant.
EN
The investigations carried out in the deep boreholes Goczałkowice IG-1 (3353.5 m) and Sosnowiec IG-1 (3442.6 m) in the Upper Silesian Foredeep allow to recognize the hydrogeological environment of the Paleozoic strata beneath the Productive Carboniferous. The results of investigations show that geological structure controls forming of hydrodynamic and hydrochemical conditions within the Upper Silesian Foredeep and it influences diversification of hydrogeological properties, water-bearing capacity and chemical composition of groundwater of the carbonate Lower Carboniferous-Devonian and siliciclastic Cambrian formations.
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