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Ultrasonic detection of the intravascular free gas phase in research on diving

Kłos Ryszard

Polish Maritime Research

2020

nr 2

176--186

The article presents a unique atypical application of the sonography technique and a methodological description of theintroduction of this technique to research. The Bayesian approach applied to validation of the Doppler method for intravasculardetection of the free gas phase instead of typical statistical inference has been demonstrated in the article. It describes theplace of this method in the diving research work conducted in the Polish Naval Academy without any detailed analysis ofthe results achieved in the studies on decompression supported by ultrasonic detection of the free gas phase in venous vessels.It is a commonly held opinion that Doppler ultrasonic detection of the intravascular free gas phase is not a procedure that canbe particularly useful in decompression research. The main objection is that detection of the free gas phase in venous vesselsis a weak function to predict the presence of the free gas phase in tissues and arterial blood, so this method is not suitablefor assessing the risk of decompression. Only a few countries disagree with this commonly held view and use this method toassess the risk of decompression in decompression studies. France has introduced detection of the free gas phase in venousvessels for diving research and then, together with Canada, improved this method, and developed it to a standard form.Based on the published results of the Canadian research, the technique was evaluated at the Naval Academy using statisticalmethods. The Academy accepted and adopted the results of this research and started to use this method in its own researchon decompression over 25 years ago and continues to use it to great effect.