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1
Content available Assessment of options to meet transport needs using the MAJA multi-criteria method
Małachowski Jerzy, Ziółkowski Jarosław, Oszczypała Mateusz, Szkutnik-Rogoż Joanna, Lęgas Aleksandra
Archives of Transport
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2021
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Vol. 57, iss. 1
25--41
EN
The problem of choosing the way to move people is often encountered both in scientific research and in everyday life. The difficulty of this process depends on the availability of many variants and the pursuit of satisfying transport needs at the minimum cost, in the shortest possible time and in the most comfortable conditions. The publication presents a decision problem of choosing the best transport option using multi-criteria methods. At the beginning authors presented the widely used methods of solving decision problems in the literature. Subsequently, based on the example of the Warsaw-Wroclaw connection, the MAJA multi-criteria assessment method algorithm was analysed. Both road, rail and air transport options were considered. Six possible variants of solutions were indicated, which were assessed in three sub-criteria: cost, time and comfort of travel. Then, the results of the analysis were compared with the results obtained using other multi-criteria decision-making support methods, i.e. ELECTRE I, AHP, TOPSIS, PROMETHEE, SAW, PVM. The considered methods were divided according to the way the result was presented, as a result of which the methods based on the relation of superiority (which included the MAJA method) and methods using ranking were distinguished, and then an intra-group comparison was made. On the basis of the constructed compliance matrix of the relation of superiority, it was found that domination methods exhibited convergence of the obtained results. However, in order to compare the convergence of the results of the ranking methods, the Spearman's linear correlation coefficient was used. The applied MAJA multi-criteria method has made it possible to determine non-dominated solutions considered optimal taking into account the adopted weights of criteria and compliance and non-compliance thresholds. Its unquestionable advantage is the possibility of using many partial criteria expressed in different measurement units. In the presented example, the best options were the premium express rail transport and airplane. The summary defines the direction of further research and possibilities of modification of the presented method.
2
Content available Procedury budowy scenariuszy zdarzeń niekorzystnych w strukturze procesu planowania cywilnego
Wiśniewski M.
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
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2018
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z. 128
451--473
PL
W artykule przedstawiono ocenę użyteczności zasad budowy scenariuszy zdarzeń niekorzystnych. Weryfikacja została przeprowadzona na podstawie eksperymentu obliczeniowego przygotowanego na bazie danych dostępnych w Planie Zarządzania Kryzysowego Województwa Mazowieckiego i Podlaskiego z 2015 r. Ponadto artykuł przedstawia procedury uzupełniające zasady budowy zdarzeń niekorzystnych, składające się na Integralny Model Bezpieczeństwa umożliwiający zarządzanie bezpieczeństwem rozpatrywanego zasobu w ramach procesu planowania cywilnego.
EN
The article presents the evaluation of usefulness the principles of constructing of scenarios of unfavorable events constructing. The verification was carried out on the basis of a computational experiment prepared by using the data available in the Mazovia and Podlaskie Voivodeship Crisis Management Plan of 2015. In addition, the article presents complementary procedures of the rules of construsting unfavorable events, comprising the Integral Safety Model, which facilitates the management of the security of the resource in question as a part of the civilian planning process.
3
Content available remote Koncepcja narzędzia informatycznego wspomagającego budowę scenariuszy zdarzeń niekorzystnych
Wiśniewski M.
Nowoczesne Systemy Zarządzania
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2018
|
T. 13, nr 4
89--104
PL
W artykule przedstawiono koncepcję oraz wymagania funkcjonalne narzędzia informatycznego wspomagającego budowę scenariuszy zdarzeń niekorzystnych oraz umiejscowienie tego narzędzia w procesie planowania cywilnego. Ponadto artykuł przedstawia procedury: opracowania scenariuszy zdarzeń niekorzystnych, budowy problemu decyzyjnego oraz weryfikacji zabezpieczeń zaproponowanych w ramach reakcji na rozpoznane zagrożenia, na które podatny jest rozpatrywany obiekt.
EN
The paper presents the concept and functional requirements of an IT tool to assist in the development of adverse event scenarios and the location of this IT tool in the process of civil planning. In addition, the paper provides procedures: development of adverse events scenarios, determination of a decision problem and verification of safeguards proposed in response to identified threats to which the object under consideration is exposed.
4
Content available Geneza problemów decyzyjnych w systemie eksploatacji urządzeń sterowania ruchem kolejowym
Moczarski J.
TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego
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2016
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R. 23, nr 12
333-336
PL
W artykule opisano zagadnienie powstawania problemów decyzyjnych w procesie eksploatacji obiektów technicznych. Omówiono pojęcie stanu technicznego. Przybliżono podstawowe problemy decyzyjne występujące w systemie eksploatacji urządzeń srk. Scharakteryzowano zdarzenia zachodzące w urządzeniach srk, systemie eksploatacji i jego otoczeniu stanowiące źródło problemów decyzyjnych.
EN
Paper discussed the issue connected with formation of decision-making problems in the process of technical objects exploitation. Also there was discussed the term of technical state. There were presented basic decision problems occurring in the system of exploitation of signaling devices. Also there were characterized all events that could happen in devices, in system of exploitation and its surrounding that constitute the source of decision problems.
5
Content available remote Computing Modulo-n by Composing Cellular Automata Rules
Martins C. L. M., de Oliveira P. P. B.
Fundamenta Informaticae
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2016
|
Vol. 145, nr 1
1--17
EN
The understanding of how predefined computations can be attained by means of individual cellular automata rules, their spatial arrangements or their temporal sequences, is a key conceptual underpinning in the general notion of emergent computation. In this context, here we construct a solution to the MODn problem, which is the determination of whether the number of 1-bits in a cyclic binary string is perfectly divisible by the integer n > 1. Our solution is given for any lattice size N that is co-prime to n, and relies upon a set of one-dimensional rules, with maximum radius of n - 1, organised in a temporal sequence. Although the simpler cases of the problem for n = 2 and n = 3 have been addressed in the literature, this is the first account on the general case, for arbitrary n.
6
Content available Oceny wielokryterialne w procesach decyzyjnych
Zoleński W.
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
|
2015
|
z. 78
541--551
PL
Oceny wielokryterialne złożonych zjawisk są ważną częścią problemów decyzyjnych. W ocenach wielokryterialnych występują różnego typu trudności, a w szczegól-ności liczność i różnorodność ocenianych zjawisk, liczność i różnorodność zmiennych diagnostycznych, charakteryzujących oceniane zjawisko, trudność przekształcenia charakterystyk jakościowych na mierniki ilościowe oraz trudności w agregacji cząstkowych kryteriów oceny. W artykule przedstawiono wybrane modele ocen wielokryterialnych, które odpowiadają różnym sytuacjom decyzyjnym.
EN
Multi-criteria evaluation of complex phenomena is an important part of decision problems. The multi-criteria evaluations are different types of difficulties, in particular, the multiplicity and diversity of the assessed phenomena, the multiplicity and the variety of diagnostic variables characterizing the evaluated phenomenon, the difficulty to transform the quality characteristics of quantitative traits, the difficulty of aggregating sub-criteria. This paper presents selected models of multi-criteria evaluation corresponding to different decision-making situations.
7
Rozwiązanie problemu decyzyjnego polegającego na wyborze zestawu transportowego przy użyciu metody ELECTRE III
Trela M.
Logistyka
|
2015
|
nr 4
9882--9888, CD3
PL
Artykuł przedstawia rozwiązanie problemu decyzyjnego polegającego na wyborze jednego z trzech modeli ciągnika siodłowego do zestawu transportowego przy zastosowaniu metody ELECTRE III. Uzyskany wynik porównano z wyborem wykonanym tylko na podstawie uwzględnienia czynników kosztotwórczych dla przedsiębiorstwa.
EN
The article presents the solution of the decision-making problem involving the choice of one of three models truck using the method ELECTRE III. The result was compared with the decision made only on the basis on the cost factors for the company.
8
Content available remote The Computational Complexity of Universality Problems for Prefixes, Suffixes, Factors, and Subwords of Regular Languages
Rampersad N., Shallit J., Xu Z.
Fundamenta Informaticae
|
2012
|
Vol. 116, nr 1-4
223-236
EN
In this paper we consider the computational complexity of the following problems: given a DFA or NFA representing a regular language L over a finite alphabet Σ, is the set of all prefixes (resp., suffixes, factors, subwords) of all words of L equal to Σ*? In the case of testing universality for factors of languages, there is a connection to two classic problems: the synchronizing words problem of Černy, and Restivo's conjecture on the minimal uncompletable word.
9
Content available remote On Deadlock and Fairness Decision Problems for Computations on Client-server Systems
Czaja L.
Fundamenta Informaticae
|
2011
|
Vol. 109, nr 3
255-264
EN
Phenomena that inherently happen in distributed computing - some types of deadlock and fairness or starvation - are examined in a client-server model. Messages travelling between clients and a server are: request for an action, permission to start it, and termination of its execution. Deadlock-prone and (un)fair behaviours are formulated for the model and equivalence of the respective formulae to formulae expressing emptiness and finiteness of some sets generated by the model is established. From these results, some answers to decision problems for the aforesaid properties are obtained. Furthermore, equivalence between the so-called strong fairness (specified by first-order formula) and weak-fairness (second-order formula) is demonstrated
10
Content available remote Problem rozmieszczenia stanowisk roboczych jako wielokryterialny problem decyzyjny
Jakowska-Suwalska K., Wolny M.
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
|
2009
|
z. 49
85-94
PL
W publikacji zaproponowano uwzględnienie kilku kryteriów już na etapie formułowania problemu i budowy modelu. W pracy przedstawiono model agregacji ocen wariantów rozmieszczenia stanowisk roboczych do postaci syntetycznej oceny, będącej sumą ważoną unormowanych ocen cząstkowych.
EN
The proposal of taking under consideration a few criteria by the model formulation problem phase in the paper is presented. In the paper model of synthetic criterion is shown. The synthetic criterion is based on aggregated normalized evaluations of working station variant. The aggregation is based on weighted sum of normalized evaluations of the location.
11
Content available remote Highly Undecidable Problems about Recognizability by Tiling Systems
Finkel O.
Fundamenta Informaticae
|
2009
|
Vol. 91, nr 2
305-323
EN
Altenbernd, Thomas and Wöhrle have considered acceptance of languages of infinite two-dimensional words (infinite pictures) by finite tiling systems, with usual acceptance conditions, such as the Büchi and Muller ones, in [1]. It was proved in [9] that it is undecidable whether a Büchirecognizable language of infinite pictures is E-recognizable (respectively, A-recognizable). We show here that these two decision problems are actually Π1/2/ -complete, hence located at the second level of the analytical hierarchy, and "highly undecidable". We give the exact degree of numerous other undecidable problems for Büchi-recognizable languages of infinite pictures. In particular, the nonemptiness and the infiniteness problems are Σ1/1/ -complete, and the universality problem, the inclusion problem, the equivalence problem, the determinizability problem, the complementability problem, are all Π1/2/ -complete. It is also Π1/2/ -complete to determine whether a given Büchi recognizable language of infinite pictures can be accepted row by row using an automaton model over ordinal words of length ω2/.
12
Content available remote Complexity of Normal Form Properties and Reductions for Term Rewriting Problems
Verma R.
Fundamenta Informaticae
|
2009
|
Vol. 92, nr 1-2
145-168
EN
We present several new and some significantly improved polynomial-time reductions between basic decision problems of term rewriting systems. We prove two theorems that imply tighter upper bounds for deciding the uniqueness of normal forms (UN^=) and unique normalization (UN^&rar;) properties under certain conditions. From these theorems we derive a new and simpler polynomial-time algorithm for the UN^= property of ground rewrite systems, and explicit upper bounds for both UN^= and UN! properties of left-linear right-ground systems. We also show that both properties are undecidable for right-ground systems. It was already known that these properties are undecidable for linear systems. Hence, in a sense the decidability results are "close" to optimal.
13
A comparison of descriptive and prescriptive approach for a class of uncertain and fuzzy controllers
Bubnicki Z., Orski D.
Systems Science
|
2002
|
Vol. 28, nr 3
19-30
EN
Two approaches to a decision problem for an uncertain plant are considered. In the descriptive approach an expert gives the knowledge of the plant which is used to determine the knowledge of the decision making. In the prescriptive approach the knowledge of the decision making is given directly by an expert. The basic idea of the comparison of these two approaches is presented in the paper for two descriptions of the uncertainty, based on uncertain variables and on fuzzy formalism. A simple example and results of simulations are described.
14
Content available remote Parallelism in contextual grammars
Mitrana V.
Fundamenta Informaticae
|
1998
|
Vol. 33, nr 3
281-294
EN
Two strategies of parallel adjoining of contexts are considered for contextual grammars with choice. After a short comparison between them, there are provided Chomsky-Schutzenberger type characterizations of context-free and recursively enumerable languages. Finally, we discuss some decision problems.
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