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1

Thermal navigation for blind people

Marzec Paweł, Kos Andrzej

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2021

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Vol. 69, nr 1

art. no. e136038

EN

This article presents a system of precise navigation for a visually impaired person which uses GPS navigation and an infrared sensor in the form of an infrared matrix. The presented system allows determining the orientation and distance of a blind person relative to a selected object, e.g. a wall or road edge. The application of the above solution facilitates a significant increase in the accuracy of determining the position of a blind person compared to the accuracy offered by commonly used ground satellite devices. The system uses thermal energy accumulated in the environment without the need to generate additional signals. The main parts of the system are a simple infrared matrix, data processing system and vibrating wristband. Messages and navigation warnings are sent to a blind person in the form of a vibration code. The article describes the method of determining the path of a specified width and distance from the wall of a building, curb, etc., along which a blind person should move. The article additionally describes the method of determining the orientation of a blind person depending on the selected object. Such a method facilitates verifying whether the visually impaired person is moving according to the indicated direction. The method can also be used to navigate mobile robots. Due to the use of natural energy for data registration and processing, the mobile navigation system can be operated for a long time without the need to recharge the battery.

2

Moving object detection in car traffic with implementation of optical sensors

Szablata Piotr, Łąkowski Paweł, Pochmara Janusz

Transport Problems

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2020

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T. 15, z. 4, cz. 1

105--116

EN

In this investigation, the problem of moving object detection - without any knowledge - is classified. It describes a technique that will allow real-time localization with usage of IR sensors. The proposed algorithm is simplistic, and in the future, it might be implemented into any vehicle, premium or entry level. It is guided by AI that must calculate its next moves in the blink of an eye without user noticing any delays. The main problem of moving object recognition was extraction of proper features, description of the events, and choice of only the crucial ones. The presented novel approach does not follow any standard algorithms. It is a practical hardware implementation of custom solution, based on processing system, which can be well situated in the safety modules of future cars.

3

Signalling a foundry mould filling degree with infrared sensors

Bogdan M., Fita S., Mikulczyński T., Ciskowski S.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2008

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Vol. 8, iss. 2

9-12

EN

A contactless method of measuring a foundry mould filling degree in course of its pouring with liquid metal is suggested. The concept is based on infrared radiation of molten metal appearing in venting and flow-off holes. As the detector, an infrared channel receiving diode is applied. Three solutions were tested. In the first solution, the diode is placed at the calculated distance from the radiation source, in a housing that suppresses the scattered signal. The housing contains the electronics, while power supply and control signals are delivered by conductors. A diode actuation threshold is established in order to obtain high resolution and repeatability of the results. On the output, a miniature relay transmits the signal to the control system. In the second solution, the measuring system is supplied with a battery and the signal in transmitted through a plastic optical fibre. In the third solution, the optical fibre serves as an energy carrier. The optical system focuses the infrared radiation and introduces the energy to the optical fibre. On the other end of the fibre, a phototransistor amplifies the signal, forms it and transmits to the control system. Some experiments were carried out. Their results permitted noting disadvantages and advantages of individual solutions. It was evidenced that the measurement results obtained using the infrared radiation are independent on a constructional design. The solutions utilising optical fibres proved to be more useful in industrial conditions. Targets and further directions of research works using transceivers for wireless data transmission are presented.

4

Układy wzmacniaczy do detektorów piroelektrycznych

Powiada E., Chmielewski K., Pasierbiński J., Kastek M.

Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola

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2006

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R. 52, nr 9

36-39

PL

W artykule przedstawiono rozwiązania elektronicznego toru detekcyjnego z detektorami piroelektrycznymi. Podano schematy ideowe wzmacniaczy proponowanych przez producentów detektorów i opisano ich wady. Zaprezentowano trzy nowe rozwiązania wzmacniaczy sygnałów z detektorów promieniowania podczerwonego. Wzmacniacze mogą być zastosowane do czujników podczerwieni, w szczególności do czujników stosowanych w systemach ochrony obiektów.

EN

The paper present a set of solutions of electronic circuits designed to process electric signals from pyroelectric IR detectors. Circuit diagrams of dedicated amplifiers, suggested by detector's manufacturers are described and their disadvantages in certain applications are demonstrated. As a result, three brand new solutions of signal amplifiers are presented, which are designed to work with IR sensors, especially with sensors commonly used in security systems.

5

Zarządzanie energią w budynkach inteligentnych

Sroczan E.

Wiadomości Elektrotechniczne

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2000

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nr 5

241-248

PL

Omówiono strukturę systemu zarządzania energią oraz wybrane elementy współczesnego wyposażenia technicznego budynków. Przedstawiono systemy monitorujące, sposoby transmisji danych oraz systemy sterowania pracą instalacji w budynku.

EN

Structure of the energy management system and selected elements of the up-to-date technical equipment of buildings. Monitoring systems, data transmission methods and systems of controlling the operation of the installations in a building.