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Fractionation of Cuticular Waxes from the Leaves of Solanaceae Plant Species Using Microextraction by Packed Sorbent

Haliński Ł. P., Stepnowski P.

Acta Chromatographica

2015

Vol. 27, no. 4

729--741

The microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS) was applied to a fractionation of cuticular wax extracts from several solanaceous plant species. A procedure developed requires only 0.6 mL of organic solvents and may be completed in less than 10 min. Hydrocarbons, which are frequently used in chemotaxonomy of Solanaceae, were almost exclusively eluted in one fraction. The amounts of most commonly detected polar wax components (alcohols, sterols, triterpenes) in the same fraction were reduced to ca. 34–46% of the total amounts in the whole extract. Despite the contamination of the hydrocarbon fraction with other wax components, the results obtained using MEPS and standard column chromatography on silica gel were similar when compared using cluster analysis based on the hydrocarbon profiles. However, the method was far less successful in removing the sucrose esters from extracts of Nicotiana rustica leaves. Thus, MEPS fractionation of plant cuticular waxes may be a fast and reliable alternative for the standard liquid chromatography techniques as long as no sucrose esters are present in the extract.

Chromatographic fractionation and analysis of the main components of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) leaf cuticular waxes

Haliński Ł. P., Szafranek J., Szafranek B. M., Gołębiowski M., Stepnowski P.

Acta Chromatographica

2009

Vol. 21, no. 1

127-137

The composition of eggplant ( Solanum melongena L.) leaf cuticular waxes was investigated. Chemical composition was determined as the first step in recognizing the importance to insect pest resistance of eggplant leaf surface chemistry. Waxes were extracted by dipping leaves into dichloromethane for 40 s. Relatively large samples were then fractionated by 'flash chromatography' on silica gel. Compounds were identified on the basis of their mass spectra from GC-MS analysis and retention data from GC-FID analysis, and quantified on the basis of peak areas from GC-FID analysis. Straight-chain alkanes and methyl-branched alkanes were the most abundant wax components. Minor quantities of esters of fatty acids with triterpene and aliphatic alcohols, free triterpene and aliphatic alcohols, sterols, and free fatty acids were also present on the eggplant leaf surface. This method is suitable for analysis of complex mixtures of plant cuticular lipids. It is also applicable to separation of samples for biological tests on insects.