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Preliminary Analysis of the Applicability of the GPS PPP Method in Geodynamic Studies

Pelc-Mieczkowska Renata

Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 14, no. 4

57--68

EN

GNSS station movements as an indicator of the movement of the Earth’s crust are determined by many researchers with the use of various position and trend determination methods. One of such methods is PPP method which allows the determination of a trend for the station without a correlation (direct determination of the position of each station separately). To achieve accuracy comparable with relative positioning, there is the need to use external, high precision data or models (e.g. precise satellite orbits and clocks, ionosphere and tropo sphere models, etc.) while the PPP method is applied. The main purpose of the presented research is preliminary analyses of the results of processing daily GPS observations from permanent stations with the use of the PPP method. Daily GPS observational data in RINEX format have been acquired from a total of nine selected GNSS permanent stations from the Polish ASG EUPOS and the Ukrainian UA-EUPOS/ZAKPOS systems. As external data for PPP solutions JPL products have been used. A seven year time series was created for each station.

2

Kinematics of reference height network on the territory of Rivne NPP

Tretyak K., Petrov S., Bokhonko S., Babiy L., Shpakivskyy O.

Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics

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2014

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Vol. 96

55--66

EN

Rivne Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) is located in western Ukraine. Construction of the station began in 1976. Totally four power generating units are operating on the station. Complicated geological conditions and display of man-made karst led to the need for monitoring of sediments and deformations on Rivne NPP. Since 1984 on the Rivne NPP there were conducted geodetic observations on the conditions of height reference network consisting of nine deep fixed reference points, which are installed in basaltic rocks. Totally 110 cycles of observations were conducted. The heights of fixed reference points were determined by leveling of I-st class. It is necessary to assess the kinematics of the reference height network and implement zoning of station territory according to a speed of inclination of the earth's surface. An average annual rates of displacement which appear as a linear trend weredetermined on the results of measurements for each fixed reference point by the least squares method. Excluding these values the vertical displacements of fixed reference points were derived and only the periodic component that is changing according to the periodic law remained present there. For each fixed reference point it was determined amplitude and optimum oscillation period and the coefficients of regression equations. Using the annual velocity of displacement of fixed reference points it was done the zoning of the Rivne NPP. There were allocated areas, which were characterized by different rates of inclinations and frequency of oscillations.

3

Tectonic model of Egypt based on magnetic analysis

Rabeh T., Ernst T.

Acta Geophysica

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2009

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Vol. 57, no. 3

680-695

EN

The main target of this work was to study the dynamics of the Earth's crust for Egypt based on the magnetic survey. High-resolution land magnetic data were analyzed, combined with the results of GPS and seismic stress analyses. The constructed tectonic map shows that the N35°-N45°W trend of the structure (related to the Red Sea and Gulf of Suez tectonics) predominates along the Gulf of Suez, Red Sea, covering wide parts of the study area. The N45°-N65°E tectonic trend (related to the Syrian Arc tectonics), prevailing in the northern part of Egypt, is of the second rank. The Aqaba (N15°-25°E) and E-W trends prevail in the northern part and along the transition zone of stable/unstable shelves. The depth to the basement rocks ranges from the surface along the Red Sea and southern parts of Egypt to more than 4 km below sea level at the northern part of the study area. The results also show that the opening rate along the Red Sea was faster in the past than nowadays. Furthermore, a preliminary kinematics model is proposed.

4

Recent vertical crustal movements in Republic of Serbia from levelling data

Blagojevic D.

Reports on Geodesy

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2006

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z. 5/80

455--461

5

Crustal Movements in the Eastern Alps and North Mediterranian

Vodopivec F., Placer L., Kogoj D.

Reports on Geodesy

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2006

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z. 4/79

69-73

EN

The region of sub project Crustal Movements in the Eastern Alps and Northern Mediterranean is one of the most interesting geodynamic areas. There were a lot of very strong earthquakes in Europe. Therefore was already some local network stabilised and observed. In frame of CERGOP 2 is established WP10.1. Presented is in tectonics of central region; Slovenia and Istria. On base of uphill now measurements was selected some point covering all region.

6

A study of crustal deformation along the Red Sea region using geodetic and seismic data from Egypt and Yemen

Sakr K., Abdel-Monem S.M., Khalil H., Mahmoud S., Hamimi Z., Al-Aydrus A., Al Subbary A., Al-Kottbah A., Al-Gabary A., Al-Wosabi M. A., El Ganad I.

Acta Geophysica Polonica

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2005

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Vol. 53, nr 1

75-85

EN

Monitoring of recent crustal deformation was carried out using GPS observations to detect the present-day styles and rates of extension, as well as riftmargin deformation along the extent of the Red Sea rift. For studying the crustal deformation along the Red Sea Region and Gulf of Aden, 12 geodetic stations were established to cover some areas in Egypt and Yemen. The GPS measurements were carried out in April 2000 and November 2001. Analysis of the first and second campaigns of GPS measurements indicates that the magnitude of movements together with the strain parameters is small, but the magnitude of displacement may reach up to 20 mm in some points close to the Red Sea, such as those in Hodeidah (Yemen) and Dahab (Egypt). Moreover, the direction of movement on these points is opposite to each other. Such results are in harmony with the general trend of the tectonics in the Red Sea region. Separate analyses of GPS measurements on geodetic points in Yemen relative to each other show a rate of displacement of about 3 mm. The direction of movement on Sana'a is SW and on Aden is NE.