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PL
Omówiono kamienie milowe ekonofizyki a także socjofizyki wybrane w kontekście wyzwań, jakie stawia współczesna społeczno-ekonomiczna rzeczywistość. Wskazano na ich rolę w budowaniu obszarów badawczych ekonofizyki i socjofizyki [1, 2, 3, 4 ].
EN
We discuss the milestones of econophysics and sociophysics. We chose them in the context of the challenges posed by contemporary socio-economic reality. We indicate their role in building research areas in econophysics and sociophysics [1, 2, 3, 4 ].
EN
We continue to discuss the milestones of econophysics and sociophysics. We chose them in the context of the challenges posed by contemporary socio-economic reality. We indicate their role in building research areas in econophysics and sociophysics. This part is devoted primarily to complexity, incredibly complex networks, and phase transitions, particularly critical phenomena and processes, agent-based modeling, risk issues in the context of financial markets, and elements of modern sociophysics.
PL
Kontynuujemy omawianie kamieni milowych ekonofizyki i socjofizyki. Wybraliśmy je w kontekście wyzwań jakie niesie ze sobą współczesna rzeczywistość społeczno-ekonomiczna. Wskazujemy na ich rolę w budowaniu obszarów badawczych ekonofizyki i socjofizyki. Ta część poświęcona jest przede wszystkim złożoności, a w tym sieciom złożonym, przemianom fazowym a szczególnie zjawiskom i procesom krytycznym, modelowaniu agentowemu, zagadnieniom ryzyka w kontekście rynków finansowych oraz elementom współczesnej socjofizyki.
3
Content available Critical fluctuations of a confined binary mixture
EN
Exploiting the mapping between a binary mixture and the Ising model we have analyzed the critical fluctuations by means of the density-matrix renormalization group technique. The calculations have been carried out for a two-dimensional Ising strip subject to equally strong surface fields. It was found that the critical Casimir force has significantly different behavior on opposite sides of the capillary condensation line, especially below the critical temperature. It can be concluded that in real binary mixtures the most attractive force appears at temperatures near Tc and at reservoir compositions slightly away from the critical composition.
PL
73 lata temu Arkadiusz Piekara opublikował prace pokazujące "anomalny" dodatni nieliniowy efekt dielektryczny (NDE) w czystym nitrobenzenie i roztworze krytycznym nitro-benzen-heksan. Te wyniki stały się fundamentem Wielkich Szkół fizyki molekularnej i fizyki dielektryków rozwijanych przez Arkadiusza Piekarę po II wojnie światowej. Dzisiaj NDE to także baza nieliniowej spektroskopii dielektrycznej uważanej za jedno z najważniejszych narzędzi do badań cieczy złożonych/miękkiej materii w XXI wieku. Dlatego ponowne spojrzenie na bazowe wyniki Piekary, z wykorzystaniem najnowszych wyników i nowych możliwości doświadczalnych może mieć szczególne znaczenie. Taka analiza, przy wykorzystaniu metodologicznego schematu eksperymentu krzyżowego (experimentum crucis) Francisa Bacona, jest celem tej pracy.
EN
73 years ago Arkadiusz Piekara published results showing an "anomalous" positive-sign nonlinear dielectric effect (NDE) in pure nitrobenzene and in nitrobenzene-hexane critical mixture. They became a reference for Great Schools of Molecular Physics and Dielectric Physics founded and developed by Arkadiusz Piekara after World War II. Currently, NDE is the base for nonlinear dielectric spectroscopy which is considered as one of the most important experimental tools for studying complex liquids/soft matter systems in XXI century. Consequently, re-discussing fundamental Piekara's results in respect of the current state of knowledge is important. Such an analysis, recalling the methodological scheme of experimentum crucis by Francis Bacon is the target of this paper.
5
Content available remote Power laws in finite Ising systems
EN
The density-matrix renormalization-group method has been applied to infinite Ising strips of finite widths. In the presence of the small external magnetic field the infinite system critical power laws can be observed. The single power law describes the field dependence of the magnetization or the longitudinal correlation length only on the infinite system critical isotherm.
EN
Recent developments in the statistical theory of simple fluids in a film geometry near bulk criticality is reviewed.We summarize results obtained by exact or approximate, but very accurate methods within Ising model. Particular attention is paid to the properties of the measurable solvation force and its relation to the structure of the confined system, in the Ising model given by magnetization profiles. Relevance of the reviewed results for various physical systems is briefly discussed.
EN
The behavior of a binary mixture of non-additive hard spheres with positive nonadditivity parameter is investigated. The coexistence curves are calculated with a high accuracy for a few system sizes. The applicability of semigrand ensemble simulation method to calculation of the coexistence curve and the critical properties of mixtures is compared with other simulation method.
EN
The results of grand canonical Monte Carlo study of two-dimensional lattice gas model of network-forming particles on a triangular lattice are reported. The model takes into account the effects of molecular association, resulting from the orientation-dependent interactions as well as the effects of cooperative interactions, which lead to the weakening of the bond energies. A phase transition between the dilute and the condensed phase is considered. Phase diagrams for different systems are presented and it is shown that the systems studied belong to the universality class of two-dimensional Ising model.
EN
Problem solving with multi-agent systems appears to be a very active research area nowadays. We present in this talk an overview of some works around distributed Constraint Satisfaction Problems and we point out some recent results about phase transition and emergence in multi-agents resolution of such problems. We also point out the links and differences with distributed or randomized algorithms.
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