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Środkowojurajskie wapienie bulaste sukcesji czertezickiej pienińskiego basenu skałkowego Polski-fakty i kontrowersje

Krobicki M., Wierzbowski A.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2009

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Vol. 57, nr 7

600-606

EN

According to the present authors the decline of the Bajocian crinoidal limestone sedimentation in the Pieniny Klippen Basin corresponded to a general subsidence of the Czorsztyn Ridge which promoted the appearance of nodular limestones of the pelagic Ammonitico Rosso facies (Czorsztyn Limestone Fm., Niedzica Limestone Fm.). As proved by ammonite faunas recognized in the Czorsztyn, Niedzica and Czertezik successions, this replacement of the facies (sometimes related with hiatus) took place during the latest Bajocian. A different interpretation of stratigraphy of the crinoidal limestones is given by Birkenmajer (1977, 2007) who postulates a wider stratigraphical range of these deposits, in the Czertezik Succession, but also in the Czorsztyn Succession, from the Bajocian up to base or even end of the Callovian. According to this author the crinoidal limestones span in these two successions a large stratigraphical interval of the Middle Jurassic being partly a lateral equivalent of the nodular limestones of the Niedzica Limestone Fm. of the Niedzica Succession. The present authors investigations, based on new findings of ammonites (parkinsoniids—Parkinsonia (Parkinsonia) parkinsoni (Sow.), Parkinsonia cf. bomfordi Arkell), in the typical area of occurrence of the Czertezik Succession, indicate the presence of the uppermost Bajocian–lowermost Bathonian red nodular limestones of the Niedzica Limestone Formation, and along with older ammonite datings from the Czorsztyn Succession prove that the onset of sedimentation of the nodular limestones was almost coeval in the Czertezik Succession, the Czorsztyn Succession and the Niedzica Succession. Additionally, the ammonite fauna indicates that sedimentation of the crinoidal limestones in the Czertezik Succession took place during the Bajocian, similarly as in other successions of the Pieniny Klippen Belt. These new findings show that differences between the Czertezik Succession, and other successions of the Pieniny Klippen Belt are much smaller than hitherto proposed (Birkenmajer, 1959), and confirm an earlier interpretation of the present authors (Wierzbowski et al., 2004).

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Bajoska tektonika synsedymentacyjna i jej znaczenie w jurajskiej ewolucji pienińskiego basenu skałkowego

Krobicki M.

Geologia / Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie

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2009

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T. 35, z. 3/1

65-78

EN

The Jurassic crinoidal limestones in the Pieniny Klippen Belt in Poland consist of three formations (Smolegowa, Flaki and Krupianka Limestone formations), and constitute an important segment of the Middle Jurassic sequence in the Czorsztyn, Niedzica and Czertezik successions. The onset of the crinoidal sedimentation, as proved by ammonite faunas, took place during the Early Bajocian and it was preceded by a marked stratigraphical hiatus. This hiatus corresponds to the origin and uplift of the Czorsztyn Ridge. The evidences of condensation event at the beginning of crinoidal limestones sedimentation are marked by numerous sedimentological features in the lowermost part (10-20 cm in thickness) of these limestones (e.g. phosphatic concretions concentration, pyrite concretions, large clasts of green micritic limestones). Occurrence of such important correlation horizon indicates primary thickness of investigated crinoidal limestones (from ca 10 m up to 100 m), and suggests origin of synsedimentary tectonic blocks and troughs, which influenced on their original, not recently tectonically reduced, differentiation of their thickness. This Bajocian tectonic activity within Pieniny Klippen Basin corresponds very well with others Middle Jurassic Western Tethyan geodynamic reorganizations.

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Pozycja stratygraficzna i paleogeograficzne znaczenie bajoskich wapieni krynoidowych w ewolucji pienińskiego basenu skałkowego

Krobicki M., Wierzbowski A.

Volumina Jurassica

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2004

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Vol. 2, no. 1

69-82

EN

The chronostratigraphical position of the crinoidal limestones in the Pieniny Klippen Belt (Carpathians, Poland) is well documented by ammonite faunas. It corresponds to the stratigraphical interval from the uppermost Propinquans and lowermost Humphriesianum zones of the Lower Bajocian to the Garantiana Zone of the Upper Bajocian. The hiatus recognized at the base of the crinoidal limestone complexes covers the time interval of the Laeviuscula Chron and a bulk of the Propinquans Chron of the Early Bajocian. The sedimentological features found in the basal beds of the crinoidal limestones include: presence of numerous phosphatic concretions, occurrence of pyrite framboids, as well as numerous rests of fauna (mostly ammonites and belemnites), all of them showing a slow sedimentation rate. The rapid change of sedimentation from dark shales of oxygen-depleted environment (Skrzypny Shale Fm. – Aalenian to earliest Bajocian) to overlying light crinoidal grainstones (Smolegowa Limeston Fm., Flaki Limestone Fm.) corresponded to an important geodynamic event that took place during Early Bajocian – the origin of the mid-oceanic Czorsztyn Ridge.

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Lower Jurassic spiculite series from the Križna Unit in the Western Tatra Mts, Western Carpathians, Poland

Jach R.

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2002

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Vol. 72, No 2

131-144

EN

Lower Jurassic spiculite series was studied in the Polish part of the Križna Unit in the Western Tatra Mts. This series consists of interbedded spiculites and crinoidal limestones. The spiculites are built almost entirely of siliceous sponge spicules belonging to Hexactinellida and Demospongiae classes. The prolific growth of siliceous sponge community was caused by favourable topographic and bathymetric conditions and by increased content of dissolved silica in the seawater. The spicules were not transported. Crinoidal limestones intercalating with spiculites are composed predominantly of crinoidal ossicles redeposited from shallower parts of the basin by gravity currents generated by storm events. The deposits of the studied series reveal a shallowing upward trend, marked by upward gradual replacement of hexactinellids by demosponges and by thickening and coarsening of the crinoidal limestone layers.

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Depositional evolution of the Middle Jurassic carbonate sediments in the High-Tatric succession, Tatra Mountains,Western Carpathians, Poland

Łuczyński P.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2002

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Vol. 52, nr 3

365-378

EN

Facies development and tectonic history of the High-Tatric Middle Jurassic resembles that other regions of the Jurassic Tethys (e. g. Southern Alps, Spain). The Triassic carbonate platform disintegrated and divided into a system of horsts and grabens. Syndepositional extensional movements controlled the deposition. During the Aalenian carbonate-clastic sedimentation took place. During the Bajocian crinoidal meadows developed over most of the High-Tatric area. The Bathonian deposits belong to three main lithofacies: crinoidal, ferruginous and nodular limestones. The crinoidal limestones formed by deposition of pelmatozoan material transported over the sea-bottom in the form of megaripples. The ferruginous limestones developed in zones of restricted sedimentation, which were located above the areas of crinoid deposition that surrounded elevated blocks supplying terrigenous material. The nodular limestones represent deeper facies that were deposited on a slope descending towards a deep- sea basin. The Callovian wavy-bedded limestones mark the onset of pelagic deposition, which continued during the Late Jurassic.